【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國取得了舉世矚目的成就。但是,隨著改革的不斷深入,我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距不斷拉大,社會貧富差距懸殊,城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)。城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大這一問題,嚴(yán)重制約著我國現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程,威脅著我國社會的繁榮與穩(wěn)定。本文以現(xiàn)階段的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距為研究對象,以馬克思主義分配理論為指導(dǎo),運(yùn)用理論和實(shí)證研究方法,分四個章節(jié)對我國現(xiàn)階段的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距問題做了較為全面、深入的研究。 本文第一章是關(guān)于分配理論的相關(guān)概述。本章節(jié)從中國古代分配理論、西方分配理論、馬克思主義分配理論三方面進(jìn)行闡述,就分配相關(guān)理論從總體上進(jìn)行了梳理,進(jìn)而對城鄉(xiāng)收入的定義以及城鄉(xiāng)收入衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了界定,為認(rèn)清我國收入分配的總體現(xiàn)狀掃清障礙。第二章是關(guān)于城鄉(xiāng)收入分配歷史演進(jìn)以及城鄉(xiāng)收入結(jié)構(gòu)透視,共分二部分。第一部分是以歷史分析、數(shù)據(jù)分析和實(shí)證分析為方法,探索我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的歷史演進(jìn)。第二部分是對我國城鄉(xiāng)收入結(jié)構(gòu)分析�；跀�(shù)據(jù)分析,闡明我國城鄉(xiāng)收支結(jié)構(gòu)方面的差異,找出城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大的原因。第三章是產(chǎn)生城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的原因分析。主要從農(nóng)業(yè)的弱質(zhì)性、二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、體制推進(jìn)、制度安排、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策等五個方面闡述我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大的原因：一是強(qiáng)調(diào)農(nóng)村發(fā)展的自身限制性因素,闡釋農(nóng)村自身發(fā)展的不利影響。二是從二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的角度,分析出我國城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)是造成城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大的主要原因。三是基于體制改革的視角,分析出體制因素客觀上拉大了城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。四是基于經(jīng)濟(jì)制度安排的角度,分析出農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展制度的缺失,導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村發(fā)展長期滯后,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大。五是基于經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的角度分析,認(rèn)為財(cái)政、稅收、金融政策的不完善,造成農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢、缺乏活力。第四章是針對我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距存在的問題和原因提出相應(yīng)的解決對策。首先從破除二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)著手,強(qiáng)調(diào)改善城鄉(xiāng)二元化結(jié)構(gòu)促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化建設(shè)的重要性。其次從調(diào)整體制格局的視角出發(fā),尋求解決城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不合理問題的相關(guān)對策。再次從制度的角度,通過分析解決城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的制度的偏向性,提出要建立統(tǒng)一的城鄉(xiāng)一體化制度。最后基于金融、財(cái)政分析,梳理出稅收、金融、財(cái)政支等方而的創(chuàng)新措施和對策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements. However, with the deepening of the reform, the income gap between urban and rural areas is widening, the gap between the rich and the poor is wide, and the economic development of urban and rural areas is not coordinated. The widening income gap between urban and rural areas seriously restricts the process of modernization of our country and threatens the prosperity and stability of our society. This paper takes the current urban-rural income gap as the research object, takes the Marxism distribution theory as the instruction, uses the theory and the empirical research method, divides into four chapters to do the relatively comprehensive question to our country present stage urban-rural income disparity. An in-depth study. The first chapter is an overview of the distribution theory. This chapter expounds the distribution theory in ancient China, the western distribution theory and the Marxist distribution theory. Then it defines the definition of urban and rural income and the measurement standard of urban and rural income, which clears the obstacle for a clear understanding of the overall situation of income distribution in China. The second chapter is about the historical evolution of urban and rural income distribution and urban and rural income structure perspective, divided into two parts. The first part is to explore the historical evolution of urban-rural income gap by historical analysis, data analysis and empirical analysis. The second part is the analysis of urban and rural income structure in China. Based on the data analysis, this paper clarifies the differences in the structure of income and expenditure between urban and rural areas, and finds out the reasons for the widening of urban-rural income gap. The third chapter is the cause analysis of the income gap between urban and rural areas. The main reasons for the widening of the urban-rural income gap in China are explained from the following five aspects: the weak nature of agriculture, the dual economic structure, the promotion of the system, the institutional arrangement and the economic policy: first, it emphasizes the restrictive factors of rural development. Explain the negative impact of rural self-development. Second, from the point of view of dual economic structure, this paper analyzes that the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas is the main reason for the widening of income gap between urban and rural areas. Third, based on the perspective of system reform, the paper analyzes that the system factors have widened the income gap between urban and rural areas objectively. Fourth, based on the angle of economic system arrangement, this paper analyzes the absence of rural economic development system, which leads to the long-term lag of rural development and the widening of urban-rural income gap. Fifthly, based on the analysis of economic policy, the author thinks that the imperfection of fiscal, tax and financial policies leads to the slow development of rural economy and the lack of vitality. The fourth chapter is to solve the problems and causes of the income gap between urban and rural areas in China. First of all, it emphasizes the importance of improving urban-rural dual structure and promoting urban-rural integration construction. Secondly, from the perspective of adjusting the system pattern, we seek the relevant countermeasures to solve the unreasonable problems of urban and rural development. Again from the perspective of the system, through the analysis of the system bias to solve the urban-rural income gap, we propose to establish a unified urban-rural integration system. Finally, based on the analysis of finance and finance, the innovative measures and countermeasures of taxation, finance and fiscal support are sorted out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.7;D081

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