我國金融發(fā)展與居民收入差距關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-12 14:58
【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國的金融業(yè)取得了長足進(jìn)步,發(fā)展速度舉世矚目。從總量上看,M2與GDP的比值己達(dá)到相當(dāng)?shù)母叨�；從結(jié)構(gòu)上看,我國建立了由中央銀行、商業(yè)銀行、政策性銀行、非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)和外資金融機(jī)構(gòu)組成的較為現(xiàn)代的金融機(jī)構(gòu)體系。金融是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心,金融發(fā)展對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有多方面、多角度的深入影響。與此同時(shí),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,我國人民的收入快速增加,生活水平顯著提升,人民的幸福感理應(yīng)提高。然而,不同群體獲得的發(fā)展福利差別很大,收入分配的差距不斷擴(kuò)大,出現(xiàn)了兩極分化的現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重影響社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題。 金融作為一種資源配置的方式,對(duì)居民收入分配有多途徑的影響。從主要方面來看,金融發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長間存在緊密聯(lián)系,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的成果分配對(duì)居民收入分配也有著直接影響；金融發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的非常規(guī)現(xiàn)象,特別是金融危機(jī),對(duì)不同群體產(chǎn)生程度不一的影響,也改變了收入分配格局。此外,由于市場的不完美,不同群體獲取金融服務(wù)的能力存在差別,從金融發(fā)展中獲取的利益也大不相同,這些都是金融發(fā)展對(duì)收入分配的影響方式。 考慮到城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村在經(jīng)濟(jì)金融發(fā)展程度上的差別,本文分別研究了金融發(fā)展對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部和鄉(xiāng)村內(nèi)部收入差距的關(guān)系問題,試圖找出兩者之間的關(guān)聯(lián),并在此基礎(chǔ)上嘗試提出一些促進(jìn)金融健康發(fā)展和改善居民收入差距狀況的政策建議。本文的內(nèi)容根據(jù)這個(gè)思路分為以下幾部分：第一,敘述了文章的寫作背景和寫作內(nèi)容,并對(duì)相關(guān)的經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了回顧,按照結(jié)論的不同對(duì)這些文獻(xiàn)的思想進(jìn)行了分類敘述。第二,對(duì)金融發(fā)展理論的演進(jìn)和金融發(fā)展影響收入分配的路徑進(jìn)行了總結(jié),在路徑方面主要介紹了金融危機(jī)路徑和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長路徑。第三,介紹了我國自改革開放以來金融發(fā)展的歷程和現(xiàn)狀,以及我國收入分配差距狀況。第四,通過實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)分別找出金融發(fā)展與城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部、鄉(xiāng)村內(nèi)部收入差距的關(guān)系,在這一部分中首先選取金融發(fā)展和收入差距的指標(biāo)變量以及相關(guān)的控制變量,其次對(duì)這些變量構(gòu)建了多元回歸模型,進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析、協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)和格蘭杰因果檢驗(yàn),得到相關(guān)結(jié)果。第五,根據(jù)實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,得出現(xiàn)實(shí)意義上的結(jié)論,并針對(duì)這些結(jié)論提出一些政策建議。 本文的研究中,在金融發(fā)展指標(biāo)的選取方面,不僅選取了金融發(fā)展規(guī)模的指標(biāo),還選擇了金融體系效率的指標(biāo)。通過對(duì)大量統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的搜尋和處理,獲取了1985-2011年相關(guān)指標(biāo)的時(shí)序數(shù)據(jù)。實(shí)證的結(jié)果表明金融發(fā)展水平與城鎮(zhèn)居民收入差距和農(nóng)村居民收入差距都有著長期穩(wěn)定的協(xié)整關(guān)系,因此在制定金融發(fā)展政策時(shí)充分考慮收入分配的因素是非常有意義的。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's financial industry has made considerable progress, the pace of development has attracted worldwide attention. In total, the ratio of M2 to GDP has reached a fairly high level. In terms of structure, China has established a modern financial institution system composed of central bank, commercial bank, policy bank, non-bank financial institution and foreign financial institution. Finance is the core of modern economy. At the same time, with the rapid development of economy, the people's income and living standard are increasing rapidly, so the people's happiness should be improved. However, the development welfare of different groups is very different, the gap of income distribution is widening, and the phenomenon of polarization appears, which seriously affects the social stability and the healthy and sustainable development of economy, and has become a hot social issue. As a way of allocating resources, finance has a multi-way influence on the income distribution of residents. From the main aspects, there is a close relationship between financial development and economic growth, and the distribution of economic growth results has a direct impact on the income distribution of residents. The unconventional phenomena in financial development, especially the financial crisis, have different effects on different groups, and also change the pattern of income distribution. In addition, because the market is imperfect, the ability of different groups to obtain financial services is different, and the benefits from financial development are also very different. These are the ways that financial development affects income distribution. Considering the difference in the degree of economic and financial development between towns and villages, this paper studies the relationship between financial development and the income gap between towns and villages, and tries to find out the relationship between the two. On the basis of this, some policy suggestions are put forward to promote the healthy development of finance and improve the income gap of residents. The content of this paper is divided into the following parts: first, the writing background and content of the article are described, and the relevant classical literature is reviewed, and the ideas of these documents are classified and narrated according to the different conclusions. Secondly, it summarizes the evolution of financial development theory and the path that financial development influences income distribution, and mainly introduces the path of financial crisis and economic growth. Thirdly, it introduces the history and present situation of financial development since reform and opening up, and the income distribution gap in China. Fourth, through the empirical test to find out the relationship between financial development and the income gap in towns and villages. In this part, we first select the index variables of financial development and income gap, as well as the relevant control variables. Secondly, the multivariate regression model of these variables is constructed, and the correlation analysis, cointegration test and Granger causality test are carried out, and the relevant results are obtained. Fifthly, according to the results of empirical test, we draw some practical conclusions, and put forward some policy recommendations for these conclusions. In the research of this paper, not only the index of scale of financial development, but also the index of efficiency of financial system are selected. By searching and processing a large number of statistical data, the time series data of relevant indicators from 1985 to 2011 are obtained. The empirical results show that the financial development level has a long-term stable cointegration relationship with the income gap between urban and rural residents, so it is very meaningful to fully consider the factors of income distribution when formulating the financial development policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F832
本文編號(hào)：2420536
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's financial industry has made considerable progress, the pace of development has attracted worldwide attention. In total, the ratio of M2 to GDP has reached a fairly high level. In terms of structure, China has established a modern financial institution system composed of central bank, commercial bank, policy bank, non-bank financial institution and foreign financial institution. Finance is the core of modern economy. At the same time, with the rapid development of economy, the people's income and living standard are increasing rapidly, so the people's happiness should be improved. However, the development welfare of different groups is very different, the gap of income distribution is widening, and the phenomenon of polarization appears, which seriously affects the social stability and the healthy and sustainable development of economy, and has become a hot social issue. As a way of allocating resources, finance has a multi-way influence on the income distribution of residents. From the main aspects, there is a close relationship between financial development and economic growth, and the distribution of economic growth results has a direct impact on the income distribution of residents. The unconventional phenomena in financial development, especially the financial crisis, have different effects on different groups, and also change the pattern of income distribution. In addition, because the market is imperfect, the ability of different groups to obtain financial services is different, and the benefits from financial development are also very different. These are the ways that financial development affects income distribution. Considering the difference in the degree of economic and financial development between towns and villages, this paper studies the relationship between financial development and the income gap between towns and villages, and tries to find out the relationship between the two. On the basis of this, some policy suggestions are put forward to promote the healthy development of finance and improve the income gap of residents. The content of this paper is divided into the following parts: first, the writing background and content of the article are described, and the relevant classical literature is reviewed, and the ideas of these documents are classified and narrated according to the different conclusions. Secondly, it summarizes the evolution of financial development theory and the path that financial development influences income distribution, and mainly introduces the path of financial crisis and economic growth. Thirdly, it introduces the history and present situation of financial development since reform and opening up, and the income distribution gap in China. Fourth, through the empirical test to find out the relationship between financial development and the income gap in towns and villages. In this part, we first select the index variables of financial development and income gap, as well as the relevant control variables. Secondly, the multivariate regression model of these variables is constructed, and the correlation analysis, cointegration test and Granger causality test are carried out, and the relevant results are obtained. Fifthly, according to the results of empirical test, we draw some practical conclusions, and put forward some policy recommendations for these conclusions. In the research of this paper, not only the index of scale of financial development, but also the index of efficiency of financial system are selected. By searching and processing a large number of statistical data, the time series data of relevant indicators from 1985 to 2011 are obtained. The empirical results show that the financial development level has a long-term stable cointegration relationship with the income gap between urban and rural residents, so it is very meaningful to fully consider the factors of income distribution when formulating the financial development policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F832
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，本文編號(hào)：2420536
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