【摘要】：中國共產(chǎn)黨第十五次全國代表大會指出：我國社會主義初級階段的基本經(jīng)濟制度是以公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展；我國正處在并將長期處在社會主義初級階段，公有制經(jīng)濟具有主體地位，多種所有制經(jīng)濟應當同時發(fā)展；一切所有制形式只要符合“三個有利于”標準就可以而且應該用來為社會主義服務。 所有制問題是社會經(jīng)濟的本質問題，一個國家的所有制屬性如何，所有制形式有何表現(xiàn)，直接關系到整個國家的經(jīng)濟運行效率和生產(chǎn)力長遠發(fā)展，因此，研究社會經(jīng)濟所有制的發(fā)展沿革，無論是對于經(jīng)濟史理論的全面認識和把握，還是對于國家經(jīng)濟建設的現(xiàn)實指導，都是具有重要意義的。我國現(xiàn)在實行的是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，私有制經(jīng)濟經(jīng)過三十多年的發(fā)展，，如今已成為國民經(jīng)濟的重要組成部分，為社會主義建設做出了巨大的貢獻，有效地促進了生產(chǎn)力的提高。在這一背景下，研究私有制從產(chǎn)生到發(fā)展再到未來走向的一系列問題，就顯得尤為重要了。 本文的研究主題是：自從人類社會形成以來，各個歷史時期的私有制經(jīng)濟經(jīng)歷了怎樣的發(fā)展和演變，中國當代的私有制經(jīng)濟有何表現(xiàn)，未來的發(fā)展方向又是什么。圍繞這一主題，文中重溫了馬克思主義的社會主義所有制理論，為我國當前的所有制建設和發(fā)展提供了理論支撐；考察了原始公有制的存在和發(fā)展，私有制產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、消亡的過程及條件，體現(xiàn)出馬克思主義關于社會發(fā)展歷史規(guī)律的科學性，也為私有制經(jīng)濟在我國當前階段的發(fā)展提供了歷史依據(jù)；分析并學習了鄧小平建設有中國特色的社會主義經(jīng)濟理論中的社會主義所有制理論，為改革開放以來我國公有制經(jīng)濟和私有制經(jīng)濟并存且共同發(fā)展找到了最直接的理論依據(jù)和政策支持；此外，文章還討論了我國當前私有制經(jīng)濟的性質，分析了馬克思關于重建個人所有制的相關論述，并且得出結論：私有制最終會走向自我消亡，取而代之的將會是個人所有制。 文章分為六章，第一章是導言，正文是第二到第六章。導言部分論述研究主題、研究意義、研究方法與內容結構。第二章是文獻綜述，概述馬克思恩格斯關于私有制和公有制的相關論述。第三章是對原始公有制以及前資本主義私有制的歷史考察。第四章是從現(xiàn)代西方國家和中國兩個角度對資本主義私有制從產(chǎn)生到發(fā)展的歷史考察。第五章是論述改革開放以來中國的所有制理論改革和結構建設以及中國當前私有制經(jīng)濟的性質。第六章是對馬克思關于重建個人所有制的重點分析和討論，并提出私有制最終會走向消亡，取而代之的將會是個人所有制。
[Abstract]:The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in China is the public ownership as the main body, and the common development of various forms of ownership; Our country is in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, the public ownership economy has the main position, the diversified ownership economy should develop at the same time; All forms of ownership can and should be used to serve socialism as long as they meet the "three benefits" criterion. Ownership is the essential problem of social economy. What is the ownership attribute of a country and what form of ownership has it? it is directly related to the economic efficiency and the long-term development of productive forces of the whole country. It is of great significance to study the development and evolution of social and economic ownership, not only to understand and grasp the theory of economic history, but also to guide the national economic construction. After more than 30 years of development, the private ownership economy has become an important part of the national economy and has made great contributions to the socialist construction. It has effectively promoted the improvement of productive forces. Under this background, it is particularly important to study a series of problems from the emergence to the development and then to the future of private ownership. The research theme of this paper is: since the formation of human society, each historical period of private ownership economy has undergone how to develop and evolve, China's contemporary private ownership economy performance, what is the future direction of development. Around this theme, the paper reviews the Marxist theory of socialist ownership, and provides theoretical support for the current construction and development of ownership in China. The existence and development of the primitive public ownership, the process and conditions of the emergence, development and extinction of private ownership are investigated, which reflects the scientific nature of Marxism's historical law of social development. It also provides the historical basis for the development of the private ownership economy in the current stage of our country. Having analyzed and studied the theory of socialist ownership in Deng Xiaoping's theory of building a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, It has found the most direct theoretical basis and policy support for the coexistence and common development of the public ownership economy and the private ownership economy since the reform and opening up. In addition, the paper also discusses the nature of China's current private ownership economy, analyzes Marx's related exposition on the reconstruction of individual ownership, and concludes that private ownership will eventually go to self-extinction and will be replaced by individual ownership. The article is divided into six chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the text is the second to the sixth chapter. The introduction part discusses the research theme, research significance, research methods and content structure. The second chapter is a literature review, summarizing Marx and Engels on private ownership and public ownership. The third chapter is the historical investigation of primitive public ownership and pre-capitalist private ownership. The fourth chapter is the historical investigation of capitalist private ownership from the point of view of modern western countries and China. The fifth chapter discusses the reform of ownership theory and the construction of structure in China since the reform and opening up, as well as the nature of China's current private ownership economy. The sixth chapter focuses on Marx's analysis and discussion on the reconstruction of individual ownership, and points out that private ownership will eventually die out and be replaced by individual ownership.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F121.2

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