【摘要】：改革開放30多年來,我國的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展取得了巨大成就,人民生活水平也得到了顯著提升。但與此同時,我國居民收入差距也在不斷拉大,引發(fā)了社會大眾的廣泛關(guān)注。在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中所產(chǎn)生一定的收入差距,是一種比較普遍的現(xiàn)象,但如果任憑這種擴(kuò)大化趨勢不斷發(fā)展,達(dá)到貧富懸殊的地步,將嚴(yán)重阻礙社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,進(jìn)而影響到我國社會主義現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。 本文將探討我國收入差距適度性作為全文研究重點(diǎn)。綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、資源配置效率以及社會公平穩(wěn)定三方面內(nèi)容,對我國歷年收入差距適度性做出評價。其具體研究方法為：首先,在度量我國收入差距大小的過程中,兼顧基尼系數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)以及變異系數(shù)三者刻度收入差距大小的各自優(yōu)勢,以該三者為子指標(biāo)構(gòu)建收入差距度量指標(biāo)體系,從而對我國歷年收入差距大小做出準(zhǔn)確度量；其次,從經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、資源配置效率以及社會公平穩(wěn)定三個大的方面構(gòu)建了一個四層共涵蓋34個子指標(biāo)的收入差距適度性評價指標(biāo)體系——社會經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展指標(biāo)體系；再次,通過構(gòu)建收入差距指數(shù)與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展指數(shù)(經(jīng)濟(jì)增長評價指數(shù)、資源配置效率評價指數(shù)以及社會公平穩(wěn)定評價指數(shù))間協(xié)調(diào)度模型,測算出1993—2011年我國收入差距各類靜(動)態(tài)適度性評價指數(shù),并依據(jù)測算結(jié)果得到：當(dāng)前我國收入差距大小與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展各方面內(nèi)容尚且處于比較協(xié)調(diào)的狀態(tài)。最后,依據(jù)國際上關(guān)于協(xié)調(diào)度的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以0.95(“適度”范圍的下限值)作為下限閾值,對我國收入差距適度性評價指數(shù)測算結(jié)果進(jìn)行篩選,將處于適度范圍內(nèi)相應(yīng)年份的基尼系數(shù)值作為樣本對象,然后基于相關(guān)統(tǒng)計方法,測算出最終基尼系數(shù)的合理區(qū)間為[0.35,0.40]。 綜合以上實(shí)證分析,得到了目前我國收入差距與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)各方面內(nèi)容尚且處于比較協(xié)調(diào)和相對適應(yīng)的狀態(tài)。但進(jìn)如21世紀(jì)后,我國基尼系數(shù)取值絕大多數(shù)均落在合理區(qū)間[0.35,0.40]右側(cè),即表明現(xiàn)今我國居民收入差距已經(jīng)偏大,如不加以控制任其發(fā)展,必然會造成與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)與不適應(yīng)。所以在本文的最后,針對我國實(shí)際,富有創(chuàng)新意識地提出了“一主兩翼”的組合政策建議,來控制縮小收入差距,使之重新回到合理范圍之內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's social and economic development has made great achievements, and the people's living standards have been significantly improved. But at the same time, the income gap of residents in our country is also widening, which has aroused the widespread concern of the public. A certain income gap in the course of economic development is a relatively common phenomenon. However, if this trend of expansion is allowed to continue to develop and reach the point of disparity between the rich and the poor, it will seriously hinder the coordinated development of the social economy. Then affect our country socialism modernization progress steady advance. This paper will explore the moderation of income gap as the focus of the full text. Considering the three aspects of economic growth, resource allocation efficiency and social equity and stability, this paper evaluates the moderation of income gap over the years in China. The specific research methods are as follows: first of all, in the process of measuring the income gap in China, the Gini coefficient, the Thiel index and the coefficient of variation are taken into account to measure the respective advantages of the income gap. Take the three as sub-indicators to build the income gap measurement index system, so as to make an accurate measurement of the income gap over the years in China; Secondly, from three aspects of economic growth, resource allocation efficiency and social equity and stability, this paper constructs an index system for evaluating the moderation of income gap, which covers 34 sub-indicators, namely, social and economic coordinated development index system. Thirdly, by constructing the coordination degree model between the income gap index and the socio-economic coordinated development index (economic growth evaluation index, resource allocation efficiency evaluation index and social equity and stability evaluation index). From 1993 to 2011, the author calculates the evaluation index of various kinds of static (dynamic) state moderation of China's income gap, and according to the results of the calculation, it concludes that the current income gap and various aspects of social and economic development in our country are still in a relatively coordinated state. Finally, according to the international classification standards on the degree of coordination, taking 0.95 (the lower limit of the "moderate" range) as the threshold, the results of the evaluation index of the moderation of income gap in China are screened. Taking the Gini coefficient value of the corresponding year in a moderate range as the sample object, the reasonable range of the final Gini coefficient is calculated based on the relevant statistical method [0.35% 0.40]. Based on the above empirical analysis, it is concluded that the income gap and various aspects of social economy in China are in a relatively coordinated and relatively adaptable state at present. However, after entering the 21st century, most of the Gini coefficients of our country fall to the right side of the reasonable range [0.35 / 0.40], which indicates that the income gap of the residents in our country is already on the large side, if we do not control it and let it develop, It will inevitably lead to disharmony and incompatibility with social and economic development. So at the end of this paper, aiming at the reality of our country, the author puts forward the combination policy of "one main and two wings" to control and narrow the income gap and bring it back to a reasonable range.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.7;F224

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