【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的加劇和人口數(shù)量的膨脹，資源開(kāi)發(fā)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與環(huán)境保護(hù)的矛盾日益尖銳。在這種情形下，傳統(tǒng)的生態(tài)或經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)劃方案顯現(xiàn)出諸多不足，已不能為區(qū)域開(kāi)發(fā)、國(guó)土整治和環(huán)境保護(hù)提供可靠、準(zhǔn)確的科學(xué)依據(jù)。生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)劃以經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、生態(tài)效益和社會(huì)效益相統(tǒng)一為目標(biāo)，根據(jù)自然環(huán)境特征和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)與功能，將區(qū)域劃分為不同的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)單元，從而為資源合理利用、生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和國(guó)土綜合整治提供科學(xué)依據(jù)，促進(jìn)環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。 古浪縣地處青藏高原區(qū)和西北干旱區(qū)過(guò)渡地帶。自然環(huán)境復(fù)雜，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類(lèi)型多樣，地域分異現(xiàn)象明顯；氣候干旱，水資源匱乏，生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)粗放的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式和對(duì)水土資源的不合理開(kāi)發(fā)，造成古浪縣人地關(guān)系緊張、生態(tài)保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的矛盾突出。由于古浪縣內(nèi)部自然環(huán)境特征差異明顯，分帶性強(qiáng)，因此，，遵循地域分異規(guī)律及復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)理論，對(duì)古浪縣進(jìn)行生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)分區(qū)、各區(qū)采取有針對(duì)性的資源開(kāi)發(fā)與生態(tài)保護(hù)對(duì)策，對(duì)于促進(jìn)古浪縣生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展是十分必要的。 本研究結(jié)合西北內(nèi)陸河流域特點(diǎn)，選取自然生態(tài)、土地資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步4個(gè)方面的24項(xiàng)指標(biāo)建立指標(biāo)體系，采用因子分析法和聚類(lèi)分析法，對(duì)古浪縣進(jìn)行生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)劃研究。主要研究步驟如下： ⑴選取區(qū)劃指標(biāo)，并利用SPSS軟件對(duì)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行因子分析，以提取主因子。根據(jù)方差解釋貢獻(xiàn)率以及因子載荷值，提取反映古浪縣生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的農(nóng)村居民生活水平、生態(tài)環(huán)境敏感性、農(nóng)業(yè)耗水壓力、林牧業(yè)及第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、生態(tài)壓力、勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)等6個(gè)主因子。 ⑵聚類(lèi)分析及分區(qū)。計(jì)算古浪縣各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的主因子得分，以此作為聚類(lèi)分析的數(shù)據(jù)，利用MATLAB軟件，對(duì)古浪縣20個(gè)分區(qū)單元進(jìn)行聚類(lèi)。采用系統(tǒng)聚類(lèi)和模糊聚類(lèi)兩種方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算，對(duì)比兩種方法的聚類(lèi)結(jié)果，最終將古浪縣劃分為7個(gè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)。 ⑶對(duì)各區(qū)的分析。根據(jù)分區(qū)結(jié)果及各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的主因子得分，計(jì)算各生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的主因子平均得分，以此為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)資料，對(duì)7個(gè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析，并提出建議。 結(jié)論表明，7個(gè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)在發(fā)展中各自存在不同的限制因子，因此需要采取有針對(duì)性的、分區(qū)治理的對(duì)策，以促進(jìn)古浪縣整體生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of economic activities and the expansion of population, the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection is increasingly sharp. In this case, the traditional ecological or economic regionalization schemes show many shortcomings, which can not provide reliable and accurate scientific basis for regional development, territorial improvement and environmental protection. The eco-economic regionalization aims at the unity of economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit. According to the characteristics of natural environment and economic structure and function, the region is divided into different eco-economic units, so as to make rational use of resources. Ecological environment protection and land comprehensive renovation provide scientific basis to promote the coordinated development of environment, economy and society. Gulang County is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Northwest Arid Zone transition zone. The natural environment is complex, the ecosystem type is diverse, the regional differentiation phenomenon is obvious, the climate is dry, the water resources are scarce, the ecological environment is fragile. For a long time, extensive agricultural production and unreasonable exploitation of water and soil resources have caused tension between people and land in Gulang County, and the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development is prominent. Because of the obvious difference of natural environment and the strong zonation in Gulang County, the ecological and economic zoning of Gulang County is carried out in accordance with the law of regional differentiation and the theory of complex ecosystem. It is necessary for the sustainable development of ecological economy in Gulang County to adopt the countermeasures of resource development and ecological protection. Based on the characteristics of the inland river basin in Northwest China, this study selected 24 indicators of natural ecology, land resources, economic development and social progress to establish an index system, and adopted factor analysis and cluster analysis. The ecological and economic regionalization of Gulang County was studied. The main research steps are as follows: 1 the main factors are extracted by using SPSS software to extract the main factors. According to variance interpretation contribution rate and factor load value, the ecological, economic and social living standards of rural residents, ecological environmental sensitivity, agricultural water consumption pressure, forestry and animal husbandry and the development of tertiary industry, ecological pressure were extracted. 6 main factors such as labor quality. 2. Cluster analysis and division. The main factor sub-scores of each township in Gulang County were calculated and used as the data of cluster analysis. The 20 sub-units of Gulang county were clustered by using MATLAB software. Two methods of systematic clustering and fuzzy clustering are used to calculate and compare the clustering results of the two methods. Finally, Gulang County is divided into 7 ecological economic zones. 3. According to the result of division and the score of principal factor of each town and township, the average score of principal factor of each ecological economic zone is calculated. Based on this, combined with the data and data, the present situation of development of seven ecological economic zones is analyzed, and some suggestions are put forward. The conclusion shows that there are different limiting factors in the development of the seven ecological economic zones, so it is necessary to adopt the countermeasures of targeted and regionalized governance in order to promote the coordinated development of the whole ecological economy in Gulang County.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F127

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