【摘要】：貧富差距是當(dāng)今國(guó)際社會(huì)最為關(guān)注的話題之一。而經(jīng)歷了改革開(kāi)放三十年的中國(guó),引起國(guó)際社會(huì)側(cè)目的不僅僅是飛速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)成果,不斷推進(jìn)的民主政治進(jìn)程,空前繁榮的社會(huì)主義文化,同時(shí)還有收入分配差距不斷擴(kuò)大的問(wèn)題。做大蛋糕實(shí)屬不易,分好蛋糕同樣是我們工作的重頭戲。觀察蛋糕的分配情況需要恰當(dāng)?shù)暮饬糠峙涞姆椒�。無(wú)論是國(guó)際學(xué)者還是國(guó)內(nèi)普通老百姓,都給予了收入分配問(wèn)題極大的關(guān)注,這也使得近年來(lái)收入差距問(wèn)題成為學(xué)術(shù)界的熱點(diǎn)。 伴隨著收入分配差距成為學(xué)術(shù)界研究的重點(diǎn),采用何種衡量方法可以準(zhǔn)確反映收入分配差距現(xiàn)象也逐漸成為人們爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)。中國(guó)收入分配差距問(wèn)題具有特殊性。地域遼闊,人口眾多和嚴(yán)格的城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)等等基本國(guó)情決定了中國(guó)的收入差距衡量不能像歐美國(guó)家那樣僅僅用一種指標(biāo)或者一種方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算。 本文的主要工作主要是著眼于研究衡量中國(guó)收入分配差距的方法,并比較和總結(jié)這些方法在衡量我國(guó)居民收入差距問(wèn)題中的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。利用根據(jù)現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù),應(yīng)用基尼系數(shù)、城鄉(xiāng)收入比、泰爾熵指數(shù)等指標(biāo)對(duì)我國(guó)居民存在的收入分配差距問(wèn)題初步衡量和進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。 本文結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 第一章是研究導(dǎo)論,指出對(duì)我國(guó)收入分配差距問(wèn)題的研究必要性以及本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。 第二章闡述研究收入分配差距的文獻(xiàn)綜述和我國(guó)收入差距的研究現(xiàn)狀。介紹了目前我國(guó)收入分配差距的現(xiàn)狀以及中國(guó)收入差距問(wèn)題的計(jì)算偏差。 第三章介紹衡量收入分配差距的研究方法,并通過(guò)對(duì)比分析指出基尼系數(shù)是衡量組內(nèi)收入分配差距的國(guó)際主流方法,泰爾指數(shù)因?yàn)槠鋬?yōu)良的分解性是衡量組間收入分配差距的首選方法。 第四章主要從實(shí)證角度利用國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算我國(guó)2002-2011年農(nóng)村內(nèi)部和1997-2011年城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部基尼系數(shù)。用泰爾指數(shù)衡量的2002-2011年城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；2011年我國(guó)東部、西部、中部區(qū)域之間收入差距。對(duì)比主要研究部門(mén)對(duì)我國(guó)全國(guó)基尼系數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果。 第五章是總結(jié)與展望,指出基尼系數(shù)是衡量我國(guó)農(nóng)村內(nèi)部、城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部和全國(guó)居民收入分配差距的優(yōu)良指標(biāo)及其可行的計(jì)算方法。展望部分是對(duì)我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)一體化統(tǒng)計(jì)進(jìn)程的期待以及數(shù)據(jù)處理和完善。
[Abstract]:The gap between the rich and the poor is one of the most concerned topics in the international community. After 30 years of reform and opening up, China has attracted the attention of the international community not only because of the rapid economic achievements, but also because of the continuous progress of democratic politics and the unprecedented prosperity of the socialist culture. At the same time, there is a widening gap in income distribution. It's not easy to make a big cake, it's also a big part of our work. Observing the distribution of cakes requires a proper measure of distribution. Both international scholars and ordinary people in China have paid great attention to the problem of income distribution, which makes the issue of income gap become a hot topic in academic circles in recent years. Along with the income distribution gap has become the focus of academic research, what kind of measurement method can accurately reflect the income distribution gap phenomenon has gradually become the focus of debate. The problem of income distribution gap in China has its particularity. The vast territory, large population and strict urban-rural dual structure and other basic national conditions determine that China's income gap can not be measured by just one index or one method as in Europe and the United States. The main work of this paper is to study the methods of measuring the income distribution gap in China, and to compare and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in measuring the income gap in China. According to the existing data, the author uses Gini coefficient, urban-rural income ratio, Tyrentropy index and other indicators to measure and further explain the income distribution gap existing in China. The structure of this paper is as follows: the first chapter is an introduction to the research, pointing out the necessity of the research on the income distribution gap in China and the innovation of this paper. The second chapter describes the literature review of income distribution gap and the current situation of income gap research in China. This paper introduces the current situation of China's income distribution gap and the calculation deviation of China's income gap. The third chapter introduces the research methods of measuring the income distribution gap, and points out that the Gini coefficient is the international mainstream method to measure the income distribution gap within the group through comparative analysis. The Thiel index is the preferred method for measuring income distribution gap between groups because of its good decomposition. The fourth chapter mainly uses the statistical yearbook data of the National Bureau of Statistics to calculate the Gini coefficient in rural areas and towns in China from 2002 to 2011. The income gap between urban and rural areas from 2002 to 2011 and the income gap between eastern, western and central regions of China in 2011. Compare the calculation results of the Gini coefficient in China by the main research departments. The fifth chapter is a summary and prospect, pointing out that the Gini coefficient is a good index and a feasible calculation method to measure the income distribution gap between rural, urban and national residents in China. The expectation part is the expectation and the data processing and consummation of our country's urban-rural integration statistical process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F224

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