【摘要】：自改革開放以來(lái)，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一直以較快速度的增長(zhǎng)，人民生活水平得到了極大地改善，但同時(shí)，收入差距的問題也開始日益凸顯，尤其是在2000年以后，基尼系數(shù)一直處于在0.4警戒線以上，收入差距問題日益引起人們的注意。針對(duì)該問題，學(xué)者們提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)對(duì)學(xué)者們的文獻(xiàn)研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)2000年前大多集中在城鄉(xiāng)收入差距，而在2000年后，行業(yè)收入差距日益引起學(xué)者們的注意，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了大量的研究，認(rèn)為行業(yè)收入差距是收入差距過(guò)大的主要因素，但對(duì)于行業(yè)差距在多大程度上影響著收入差距的定量分析相對(duì)較少。 本文利用基于行業(yè)的基尼系數(shù)分解模型，研究居民基尼系數(shù)久居高位警戒區(qū)域的成因，尋求解決居民收入差距政策建議。 本文首先對(duì)我國(guó)收入差距和行業(yè)差距的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膲艛嘈袠I(yè)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和恰當(dāng)?shù)闹笜?biāo)體系以準(zhǔn)確測(cè)度行業(yè)間的基尼系數(shù)與行業(yè)內(nèi)基尼系數(shù)。通過(guò)對(duì)之前的基尼系數(shù)分解方法的討論進(jìn)行分解，進(jìn)而說(shuō)明壟斷行業(yè)的高收入與行業(yè)間的基尼系數(shù)是使總體基尼系數(shù)處于高位的主要原因，最終得出壟斷行業(yè)依靠其壟斷地位獲得過(guò)高的收益分配權(quán)的事實(shí)不僅損害了居民的機(jī)會(huì)均等權(quán)，擴(kuò)大了居民收入差距，而且構(gòu)成了社會(huì)均衡穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的阻礙，最終認(rèn)為破解居民收入差距的政策著力點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)化市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，破除行業(yè)壟斷，確保居民機(jī)會(huì)均等權(quán)利地實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has been growing at a relatively high speed, and the living standards of the people have been greatly improved. But at the same time, the problem of income gap has also begun to become increasingly prominent, especially after 2000. Gini coefficient has always been in the warning line above 0.4, income gap has attracted increasing attention. In view of this problem, scholars put forward their own views. According to the literature research of scholars, it is found that before 2000, most of them focused on the income gap between urban and rural areas, but after 2000, the industry income gap has attracted more and more attention of scholars, and a large number of researches have been carried out on it. It is believed that the industry income gap is the main factor of the income gap, but the quantitative analysis of the income gap is relatively small to what extent the industry gap affects the income gap. Based on the industry-based Gini coefficient decomposition model, this paper studies the causes of the residents' Gini coefficient standing in the high alert area for a long time, and looks for policy suggestions to solve the income gap of residents. This paper first analyzes the current situation of income gap and industry gap in China, and selects appropriate standards and index system of monopoly industry to accurately measure the Gini coefficient between industries and intra-industry Gini coefficient. Through the discussion of the previous method of Gini coefficient decomposition, it is shown that the high income of monopoly industry and the inter-industry Gini coefficient are the main reasons for the overall Gini coefficient to be high. Finally, the fact that monopoly industry relies on its monopoly status to obtain excessive income distribution rights not only damages the right of equal opportunity of residents, expands the income gap of residents, but also constitutes an obstacle to the balanced and stable development of society. Finally, it is considered that the key point of the policy to solve the income gap should be to strengthen the market competition mechanism, break down the monopoly of the industry, and ensure the realization of the residents' equal opportunities and rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7;F224

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