【摘要】：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)研究一直是產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的核心問題，它是一個既牽涉宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)，又連接微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的橋梁，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)可以說是一個國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的“中觀”性表現(xiàn)。日本創(chuàng)造了戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的奇跡，，也正經(jīng)歷著長達(dá)20年的“停滯”，其產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整具有極大地研究價值。 本文選取1955——2010年的日本的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)為研究對象，運(yùn)用配第——克拉克定律、庫茲涅茨三次產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)值與就業(yè)變化規(guī)律、霍利斯·錢納里的關(guān)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的理論，深入到三次產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析。三次產(chǎn)業(yè)在日本細(xì)分為十大產(chǎn)業(yè)，每個產(chǎn)業(yè)具有自己的特點(diǎn)，內(nèi)部還擁有豐富的結(jié)構(gòu)。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)日本的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整符合三大產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的一般趨勢，即第一產(chǎn)業(yè)占GDP的比重和從業(yè)人數(shù)逐步減少；第二產(chǎn)業(yè)則是先增加到一個峰值后出現(xiàn)減少；第三產(chǎn)業(yè)穩(wěn)步增加。日本又因其國情而具有自己的特點(diǎn)：隨著時間不斷推移，日本的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)的角色不停轉(zhuǎn)換，纖維——鋼鐵、化工——家電——汽車——信息產(chǎn)業(yè)等交替充當(dāng)。 不同的產(chǎn)業(yè)在股票市場也有不同的表現(xiàn)，不同產(chǎn)業(yè)證券化程度差異很大，體現(xiàn)了不同產(chǎn)業(yè)不同程度的資本化特點(diǎn)。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整速度與國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）的增長速度具有緊密的聯(lián)系，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：1955——1975年日本GDP保持著10%以上的速度增長，1990——2010年日本GDP的平均增長率不足1%，1955——1975年各產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整的速度普遍快于1990——2010年產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的速度，因此得出產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整速度與GDP增長速度正相關(guān)的結(jié)論。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不同階段，三大產(chǎn)業(yè)對GDP增長所起的作用是不一樣的。本文還運(yùn)用Granger因果檢驗(yàn)分析了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的因果關(guān)系。不同的時間，檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)果也不一樣。 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整變慢既有各種政策效應(yīng)隨時間遞減的因素，也有科技革命，消費(fèi)革命不再那么廣泛等諸多原因。產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整不僅帶來了就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變，同時帶來了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的服務(wù)業(yè)化、信息化，也一定程度上引起了結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè)。
[Abstract]:The study of industrial structure has always been the core problem in the study of industrial economics. It is a bridge involving both macro economy and micro economy. The industrial structure can be said to be the "mesoscopic" performance of a country's economy. Japan has created a miracle of postwar economic development and is experiencing 20 years of stagnation. The adjustment of its industrial structure has great research value. This paper selects the industrial structure of Japan from 1955-2010 as the research object, applies the law of matching -Clark 's law, the law of output value and employment change of three industries in Kuznets, and Hollis Chanari's theory on the standard industrial structure. Go deep into the three industrial internal structure analysis. Three industries in Japan are divided into ten industries, each with its own characteristics and rich internal structure. It is found that the adjustment of industrial structure in Japan accords with the general trend of the adjustment of the three major industrial structures, that is, the proportion of primary industry to GDP and the number of employees gradually decrease, while the second industry increases to a peak at first and then decreases. The tertiary industry has steadily increased. Japan also has its own characteristics because of its national conditions: with the passage of time, the role of Japan's pillar industry is constantly changing, fiber-steel, chemical-home appliances-automobile-information industry. Different industries have different performances in the stock market, and different industries have different degree of securitization, which reflects the different degree of capitalization of different industries. The speed of industrial structure adjustment is closely related to the growth rate of (GDP). It is found that the average growth rate of GDP in Japan from 1990 to 2010 is less than 1% from 1995 to 1975, and the speed of adjustment of industrial structure in Japan from 1955 to 1975 is generally faster than that of industrial structure adjustment in 1990-2010. Therefore, the paper draws a conclusion that the speed of industrial structure adjustment is positively related to the growth rate of GDP. The study found that the three industries play different roles in GDP growth at different stages. Granger causality test is also used to analyze the causality between industrial structure and economic growth. The results of the tests vary from time to time. The slowness of industrial structure adjustment has many reasons, such as all kinds of policy effect decreasing with time, science and technology revolution, consumption revolution not so widespread and so on. The adjustment of industrial structure has not only brought about the change of employment structure, but also brought about the service industry and informatization of industrial structure, which also caused structural unemployment to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F131.3

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