發(fā)布時間：2018-06-29 15:34

  本文選題：民族地區(qū) + 產(chǎn)能過剩　； 參考：《中南民族大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：產(chǎn)能過剩，也被廣泛認為是“重復(fù)建設(shè)”、“過度投資”以及“過度競爭”，一直以來都困擾著中國經(jīng)濟，特別是基礎(chǔ)薄弱的民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟。近十幾年來，借助西部大開發(fā)政策的“東風(fēng)”，民族地區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)得到了巨大投資并且進出口貿(mào)易也得到了飛速發(fā)展，民族地區(qū)的水泥、化工等傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)以及光伏、風(fēng)電等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)都得到了千載難逢的發(fā)展機遇，并形成了巨大的生產(chǎn)能力，給投資者帶來了豐厚的回報。但是，自從2008年以來，受美國次貸危機、歐債危機等因素影響而引發(fā)的全球經(jīng)濟衰退，給民族地區(qū)的制造業(yè)出口造成了惡劣的影響，也使得民族地區(qū)的產(chǎn)能過剩問題更加突出。為應(yīng)對這場危機，中央政府出臺了一系列宏觀調(diào)控措施，力求抑制民族地區(qū)的“投資潮涌”現(xiàn)象，并對已經(jīng)失衡的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進行調(diào)整。受國內(nèi)外多方面情況的影響，民族地區(qū)的過度投資現(xiàn)象促使某些產(chǎn)業(yè)出現(xiàn)運行困難的狀況，并且這些產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)能過剩問題正在日漸加劇。 根據(jù)2008年第二次全國經(jīng)濟普查的結(jié)果顯示，鋼鐵、水泥、煤化工、平板玻璃、風(fēng)電、多晶硅以及電解鋁、光伏制造、有色金屬、造船、航運、冶煉、造紙、酒精、制革、印染、化纖、鉛蓄電池等許多工業(yè)行業(yè)的產(chǎn)能都出現(xiàn)明顯過剩的現(xiàn)象。在本文中，我們按照西方國家的評價標(biāo)準，采用產(chǎn)能利用率來評價產(chǎn)能是否過剩。通常，我們將位于79%-83%這個區(qū)間內(nèi)的產(chǎn)能利用率規(guī)定為標(biāo)準值，若是產(chǎn)能利用率高于95%則被看作產(chǎn)能不足，而低于79%則說明產(chǎn)能過剩。根據(jù)相關(guān)部門統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)估算，我國2011年的水泥建材、焦炭、平板玻璃、風(fēng)電設(shè)備、多晶硅、電解鋁以及光伏制造的產(chǎn)能利用率分別為78%、73.79%、75%、59%、43.79%、70%、50%，均低于79%屬于產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)。這種產(chǎn)能過剩在以資源型工業(yè)為主的民族地區(qū)所引發(fā)的后果更是嚴重。鑒于此，如何正確認識產(chǎn)能過剩，如何防范和治理民族地區(qū)工業(yè)化建設(shè)中的產(chǎn)能過剩問題，是民族地區(qū)相關(guān)部門亟待解決的一個重要課題。 本文主要由以下幾個部分組成。首先，采用文獻研究的方法，對國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)能過剩相關(guān)理論進行了分析和整理。其次，從產(chǎn)能過剩的理論分析入手，結(jié)合我國特殊的市場經(jīng)濟體制，深入地分析了我國產(chǎn)能過剩的特殊形成機理。再次，對我國民族地區(qū)不同歷史時期的產(chǎn)能過剩問題進行了考察研究，詳述了不同時期民族地區(qū)產(chǎn)能過剩的特征及發(fā)展趨勢，并動態(tài)地分析了其對民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的正負面影響。接下來，采用實證研究和比較分析的方法，對民族地區(qū)產(chǎn)能過剩的現(xiàn)狀及成因進行了分析。最后，根據(jù)民族地區(qū)產(chǎn)能過剩的實際狀況，結(jié)合我國產(chǎn)能過剩的特殊形成機理，本文給出了治理和預(yù)防我國民族地區(qū)產(chǎn)能過剩的對策建議：一是轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能，增強宏觀調(diào)控水平，二是調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，堅決淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，三是深化體制改革，嚴格控制新增產(chǎn)能，四是強化企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新，促進產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)升級，五是開拓國內(nèi)外市場，，轉(zhuǎn)移和消化過剩產(chǎn)能。
[Abstract]:Overcapacity is also widely regarded as "duplication of construction", "overinvestment" and "excessive competition", which have always plagued the economy of China, especially the weak basic national economy. In the past decade, the infrastructure construction in ethnic areas has been greatly invested and advanced with the help of the "east wind" of the western development policy. Export trade has also developed rapidly. The new industries such as cement, chemical and other industries in ethnic areas, as well as the emerging industries such as photovoltaic, wind and electricity, have all got a golden opportunity to develop, and have formed huge productive capacity and brought rich returns to investors. However, since 2008, factors such as the United States subprime mortgage crisis, the European debt crisis and so on have taken place. In order to cope with the crisis, the central government has issued a series of macro-control measures to suppress the "investment tide" phenomenon in ethnic areas and to the already unbalanced industry. The structure is adjusted. Influenced by many domestic and foreign situations, the phenomenon of excessive investment in ethnic areas has prompted some industries to have difficulties in operation, and the problem of overcapacity in these industries is increasing.
According to the results of the second national economic survey in 2008, steel, cement, coal chemical industry, flat glass, wind power, polysilicon and electrolytic aluminum, photovoltaic manufacturing, non-ferrous metal, shipbuilding, shipping, smelting, paper making, alcohol, tanning, printing and dyeing, chemical fiber, lead-acid battery and many other industrial industries have obvious overcapacity phenomenon. In this article, we According to the criteria of western countries, capacity utilization is used to evaluate the excess capacity. Generally, the productivity utilization in the 79%-83% range is defined as a standard value. If productivity utilization is higher than 95%, the capacity is considered to be inadequate, while less than 79% shows excess capacity. According to relevant department statistics, China is 201. 1 years of cement building materials, coke, flat glass, wind power equipment, polysilicon, electrolytic aluminum and photovoltaic production utilization ratio are 78%, 73.79%, 75%, 59%, 43.79%, 70%, 50%, all less than 79% belong to the overcapacity industry. This overcapacity in the resource based industry as the main national region caused more serious consequences. To recognize overcapacity and how to prevent and control the problem of overcapacity in the industrial construction of ethnic regions is an important issue to be solved in the relevant departments of ethnic minority areas.
This paper is mainly composed of the following parts. First, it analyzes and collate the existing theory of overcapacity at home and abroad by means of literature research. Secondly, starting with the theoretical analysis of overcapacity and combining with the special market economy system in China, the special formation mechanism of overcapacity in China is deeply analyzed. The problem of overcapacity in different historical periods of China's ethnic areas has been investigated and studied. The characteristics and development trend of overcapacity in ethnic regions in different periods are described in detail, and the positive and negative effects on the economic development of ethnic regions are analyzed dynamically. Then, the method of empirical research and comparative analysis is adopted to make the surplus capacity in ethnic areas overcapacity. The present situation and causes are analyzed. Finally, according to the actual situation of overcapacity in ethnic areas and the special formation mechanism of overcapacity in China, this paper gives the countermeasures and suggestions to control and prevent the overcapacity in the ethnic areas of our country: first, to change the government's function, enhance the level of macro view and control, and two is to adjust the industrial structure and resolutely eliminate it. Backward production capacity, three is to deepen the reform of the system, strictly control new production capacity, four is to strengthen enterprise independent innovation, promote industrial technology upgrading, the five is to open up domestic and foreign markets, transfer and digest excess capacity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F127

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李榮國,陳君;區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)趨同及發(fā)展對策[J];財經(jīng)問題研究;2000年08期

2 陳玲;重復(fù)建設(shè):性質(zhì)與原因的分析[J];福州大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2004年02期

3 張偉,曹洪軍,龐克峰;不合理重復(fù)建設(shè)的根源解讀與對策探討[J];甘肅社會科學(xué);2004年04期

4 李竹青;黨的三代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人與西部大開發(fā)[J];貴州民族研究;2003年01期

5 李以學(xué);從體制變遷看我國重復(fù)建設(shè)的產(chǎn)生根源[J];宏觀經(jīng)濟管理;2003年06期

6 張新海;;產(chǎn)能過剩的定量測度與分類治理[J];宏觀經(jīng)濟管理;2010年01期

7 李連仲;劉新民;;警惕第三次重復(fù)建設(shè)[J];紅旗文稿;2003年20期

8 張偉,曹洪軍;我國不合理重復(fù)建設(shè)及其治理[J];宏觀經(jīng)濟研究;2004年05期

9 皮建才;;中國地方重復(fù)建設(shè)的內(nèi)在機制研究[J];經(jīng)濟理論與經(jīng)濟管理;2008年04期

10 周勁;付保宗;;產(chǎn)能過剩的內(nèi)涵、評價體系及在我國工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)特征[J];經(jīng)濟學(xué)動態(tài);2011年10期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 何彬;基于窖藏行為的產(chǎn)能過剩形成機理及其波動性特征研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2008年

本文編號：2082571