本文選題：循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì) + 政府行為��； 參考：《天津商業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)以來(lái)，世界上爆發(fā)了多起嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染事件，尤其是20世紀(jì)60年代以來(lái)，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的工業(yè)化進(jìn)程達(dá)到新的高峰，對(duì)資源的消耗急劇增加，對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞更加嚴(yán)重。由于資源供求不平衡，西方世界發(fā)生的兩次石油危機(jī)，制約了其經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)；同時(shí)，伴隨著發(fā)展中國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)崛起和人口急劇膨脹，增加了資源需求和環(huán)境壓力。特別是以“金磚四國(guó)”為代表的新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的逐漸崛起，這些國(guó)家人口眾多、經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模龐大，加劇了與老牌資本主義國(guó)家的市場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)奪和資源競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。來(lái)自以上兩方面的問題對(duì)自然生態(tài)的沖擊，造成了生態(tài)環(huán)境的日益惡化和自然資源的嚴(yán)重枯竭。 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的理論基礎(chǔ)是生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)是生態(tài)原則，該原則是運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)工程方法，以社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)為主導(dǎo)，以經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展為導(dǎo)向的，從宏觀上研究生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與生產(chǎn)力系統(tǒng)的相互影響，揭示人類社會(huì)與自然資源關(guān)系。該理論指出必須遵循生態(tài)學(xué)的相關(guān)理論才能實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)持續(xù)的發(fā)展，社會(huì)與生態(tài)環(huán)境應(yīng)該形成有機(jī)地統(tǒng)一起來(lái)。換言之，生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)就是一種尊重生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的經(jīng)濟(jì)。生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是全面衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)系統(tǒng)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)影響要素，只有促進(jìn)各要素全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，才能得以實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)的終極目標(biāo)。作為一種低碳環(huán)保的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)在減輕自然資源壓力和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，對(duì)促進(jìn)我國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。由于循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展涉及到外部性問題，這就離不開政府的支持和引導(dǎo)。政府應(yīng)該積極發(fā)揮作用，創(chuàng)造良好的內(nèi)外部環(huán)境，促進(jìn)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 本文的研究思路沿著“提出問題—理論綜述—分析問題—實(shí)例分析”的邏輯主線，在闡述循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政府行為、循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的政府行為的理論基礎(chǔ)上提出了城市發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中政府行為的必要性，接著分析政府對(duì)于循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策體系。最后以武漢市為例，，運(yùn)用物質(zhì)流方法進(jìn)行較為系統(tǒng)的分析。本文主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在以下兩個(gè)方面：第一，在針對(duì)我國(guó)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，選取武漢地區(qū)的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)，利用物質(zhì)流分析框架，對(duì)武漢市經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的物質(zhì)流動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析；第二，選取與循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相關(guān)性較強(qiáng)的包含物質(zhì)輸入和物質(zhì)排放兩個(gè)方面的相關(guān)指標(biāo)，對(duì)武漢市的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析評(píng)價(jià)。 通過本文可以了解到城市發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的緊迫性以及循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的政府必須發(fā)揮作用的必要性，認(rèn)識(shí)到若希望改善我國(guó)城市資源和環(huán)境問題，就必須充分調(diào)動(dòng)政府的職能，這是擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題。在查閱循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政府行為、城市循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)理論以及國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有關(guān)理論研究和實(shí)踐成果的基礎(chǔ)上，本文對(duì)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的政府行為的各種理論進(jìn)行綜述，作為支撐點(diǎn)。一、在理論研究方面，參考了包括與城市發(fā)展密切相關(guān)的城市經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)理論、城市進(jìn)化理論以及循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論等，實(shí)證案例分析以武漢市為研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用物質(zhì)流分析在其發(fā)展城市循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的存在相關(guān)問題。二、本論文把對(duì)一般循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和城市循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和政策的定性分析以及對(duì)武漢城市發(fā)展中，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)過程的特殊領(lǐng)域的定量分析相結(jié)合，加深對(duì)問題分析的深度，增強(qiáng)本文論證的說服力。三、采用比較研究方法，使理論分析具有更加廣闊的視野。不僅指出循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)步之處，也結(jié)合武漢市的實(shí)際情況，并嘗試借鑒國(guó)外城市的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出有針對(duì)性的對(duì)策和建議。 本文將武漢市循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的資源消耗特征按其年際變化進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)果表明：武漢市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展是以消耗大量的資源和一定的環(huán)境退化為代價(jià)的，武漢GDP創(chuàng)造單位經(jīng)濟(jì)量顯著低于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，揭示了武漢經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展伴隨著大量的資源開發(fā)和低效利用的單位物質(zhì)輸入，其發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的生態(tài)環(huán)境成本較高。因此，武漢市應(yīng)積極貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式，堅(jiān)持從源頭到過程以及周期結(jié)束時(shí)都實(shí)施有效控制。特別是要注意優(yōu)先保護(hù)和節(jié)約使用資源，以提高資源的利用效率為核心，以科技進(jìn)步為動(dòng)力，在我國(guó)改革開放的歷史進(jìn)程中，不斷加強(qiáng)體制創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步。
[Abstract]:Since the twentieth Century, there have been a number of serious environmental pollution incidents in the world, especially since 1960s, the industrialization process of developed countries has reached a new peak, the consumption of resources is increasing rapidly, and the damage to the environment is more serious. Because of the unbalanced supply and demand of resources, the two oil crisis in the western world has restricted its economic growth. At the same time, with the economic rise of the developing countries and the rapid expansion of the population, the demand for resources and the pressure of the environment have been increased. In particular, the emerging economies, represented by the BRIC countries, have a large population and a large scale of economy, which has intensified the market competition and resource competition with the old capitalist countries. The impact of these two problems on natural ecology has resulted in an increasingly deteriorating ecological environment and a serious depletion of natural resources.
The theoretical basis of the circular economy is the ecological economy theory. The basis of the ecological economics is the ecological principle. The principle is to use the system engineering method, take the social economic activities as the leading, and take the economic development as the guidance. It studies the interaction between the ecosystem and the productivity system from the macro level, and reveals the relationship between the human society and the natural resources. It is pointed out that the relevant theories of ecology must be followed in order to realize the sustainable development of economy and society, and the social and ecological environment should be unified organically. In other words, the ecological economy is an economy that respects the laws of ecology and economy. Only by promoting the comprehensive and coordinated development of all elements can the ultimate goal of ecological economy be realized. As a low carbon and environment-friendly economic development model, circular economy plays an important role in reducing the pressure of natural resources and environmental protection, and is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of our country's economy and society. The development of the economy involves the external problems, which can not be separated from the support and guidance of the government. The government should play a positive role in creating a good internal and external environment and promoting the development of the circular economy.
On the basis of the theory of "putting forward questions - theory summary - Analysis of problems - Case Analysis", this paper puts forward the necessity of government behavior in the circulation economy operation of urban development on the basis of the theory of circular economy, government behavior and government behavior in circular economy, and then analyzes the government's policy on circular economy. Finally, taking the Wuhan city as an example, the material flow method is used to make a more systematic analysis. The main innovation points in this paper are embodied in the following two aspects: first, in view of the current situation of the development of China's circular economy, the actual data of the Wuhan area is selected and the material flow analysis framework is used to analyze the material flow of the economic activities of Wuhan. Second, it selects two related indexes, which are strongly related to the development of circular economy, including material input and material emissions, and analyzes and appraise the current situation of the development of circular economy in Wuhan.
Through this article, we can understand the urgency of the circular economy in the development of the city and the necessity of the government in the circular economy, and realize that if we want to improve the urban resources and environmental problems in our country, we must fully mobilize the functions of the government. This is the key problem to be solved. On the basis of economic theory and the relevant theoretical and practical results at home and abroad, this paper summarizes various theories of government behavior in circular economy as a support point. First, in theoretical research, it refers to the basic theory of urban economic foundation, urban evolution theory and circular economy, which is closely related to the development of cities. The empirical case analysis takes Wuhan as the research object and uses the material flow analysis to solve the problems related to the development of the circular economy in the city. Two, this paper analyzes the qualitative analysis of the theory and policy of the general circular economy and the urban circular economy and the quantitative analysis of the special areas of the circular economic process in the development of Wuhan city. Combine, deepen the depth of the analysis of the problem and enhance the persuasiveness of this paper. Three, using the comparative research method to make the theoretical analysis have a wider field of vision. It not only points out the progress of the traditional economy, but also combines the actual situation of the Wuhan City, and tries to draw lessons from the advanced experience of the foreign cities and put forward the pertinence. Countermeasures and suggestions.
This paper compares the resource consumption characteristics of Wuhan circular economy system according to its interannual variation. The result shows that the economic and social development of Wuhan is at the cost of consuming a lot of resources and certain environmental degradation. The economic volume of the unit of Wuhan GDP is significantly lower than that of the developed countries. It reveals that the rapid development of the Wuhan economy is accompanied by the great development of the economy of Wuhan. Therefore, Wuhan should actively carry out and implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, change the way of economic growth, and implement effective control from the source to the process and the end of the cycle. Improving the efficiency of resource utilization is the core, with the progress of science and technology as the driving force, and in the historical process of China's reform and opening up, we have constantly strengthened institutional innovation and technological progress.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F127;F205

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