本文選題：技術進步 + 耦合��； 參考：《中國社會科學院研究生院》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：薩謬爾·巴特勒（Samuel Butler）有句名言：雞只是一個雞蛋制造另一個雞蛋的途徑。生物的主要功能甚至不是生產(chǎn)出另一個生物，而是它的基因。人類社會也有它的“基因”，這就是生產(chǎn)技術。人世間的興衰都不過是一片歷史云煙，保存下來的只是技術遺產(chǎn)。 從人類的最早記錄起，到現(xiàn)在的時代為止，技術進步一直是人類生活中的支配現(xiàn)象�！皼]有技術，就沒有經(jīng)濟�！遍L久以來，人們總把技術進步視為一種當然，因而缺少系統(tǒng)的、深度的研究。在技術領域，中國曾經(jīng)領先世界，近代又落后于西方。技術落后的直接后果是百年的貧弱和屈辱。技術能夠如此定向一個國家與社會，說明技術具有強大的功能性質(zhì)。歷史地看，技術有兩大功能：經(jīng)濟功能和軍事功能。 目前對技術經(jīng)濟功能的研究還相對貧乏，，對技術進步的機制研究也需要深入，對技術進步與經(jīng)濟增長之間的關系研究更需要在批評的基礎上發(fā)展。 首先，歷史地看，技術在不同的歷史階段具有不同的功能性質(zhì)�！敖保�15世紀末16世紀初）以來，技術的經(jīng)濟功能主要是“耦合”資本和勞動而成“企業(yè)”。本文首次提出企業(yè)起源的“技術耦合說”，并論證了技術是企業(yè)規(guī)模的控制變量。相關文章發(fā)表在《科學學研究》上。 其二、在企業(yè)內(nèi)部，或者在經(jīng)濟體內(nèi)部，技術、資本和勞動之間的非線性作用可能突破舊結構，形成新結構。本文使用“布魯塞爾器”模型論證了經(jīng)濟結構實現(xiàn)“躍遷”的數(shù)理條件。這對新時期產(chǎn)業(yè)結構升級具有理論意義。相關文章已發(fā)表在《技術經(jīng)濟》上。 其三、技術進步如何反映在經(jīng)濟增長之中一直是經(jīng)濟增長理論的難題。本文以馬克思勞動價值論為基礎，數(shù)學推導了經(jīng)濟增長速度與技術步速的關系。并結合導師齊建國研究員提出的新技術擴散中生產(chǎn)者剩余遞減、消費者剩余遞增的原理，論證了技術的社會經(jīng)濟功能。相關文章即將發(fā)表。 由于傳統(tǒng)的分析工具難以刻畫技術現(xiàn)象，新分析工具的引入和新分析思路的確立還需要很多的工作，包括技術的計量等。不過，技術是當今世界最活躍、最具決定性的力量，那么，技術經(jīng)濟學也必將隨之繁榮起來。
[Abstract]:Samuel Butler famously said that chicken is just one egg that makes another. The main function of an organism is not even to produce another creature, but its genes. The human society also has its "gene", this is the production technology. The rise and fall of the world is nothing but a piece of history, the preservation of only the technical heritage. From the earliest record of mankind, until now, technological progress has been the dominant phenomenon in human life. "without technology, there is no economy." Technological advances have long been taken for granted and lack of systematic, in-depth research. In the field of technology, China used to lead the world and lagged behind the West in modern times. The direct consequence of technological backwardness is a hundred years of weakness and humiliation. Technology can target a country and society in such a way that it has powerful functional properties. Historically, technology has two functions: economic and military. At present, the research on the function of technology economy is relatively poor, and the research on the mechanism of technological progress needs to be deepened, and the research on the relationship between technological progress and economic growth needs to be developed on the basis of criticism. First, historically, technology has different functional properties at different stages of history. Since the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, the economic functions of technology have been mainly "coupling" capital and labor into "enterprises". In this paper, the "technology coupling theory" of the origin of enterprises is proposed for the first time, and it is proved that technology is the controlling variable of enterprise scale. The related article is published in Scientific Research. Second, the nonlinear action between technology, capital and labor may break through the old structure and form a new structure within the enterprise or within the economy. In this paper, the mathematical conditions for the transition of economic structure are demonstrated by using the "Brussels instrument" model. This is of theoretical significance to the upgrading of industrial structure in the new period. Relevant articles have been published in the Technical economy. Third, how to reflect technological progress in economic growth has been a difficult problem in economic growth theory. Based on Marx's theory of labor value, this paper deduces the relationship between the speed of economic growth and the speed of technological step. Combined with the principle of decreasing producer surplus and increasing consumer surplus in the diffusion of new technology proposed by Qi Jianguo researcher, the social and economic functions of technology are demonstrated. Relevant articles will be published soon. Because the traditional analytical tools are difficult to describe the technical phenomena, the introduction of new analytical tools and the establishment of new analytical ideas still need a lot of work, including the measurement of technology. However, technology is the most active and decisive force in the world today.
【學位授予單位】：中國社會科學院研究生院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.1;F224

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