本文選題：政府開發(fā)援助 + 日本��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：非洲是世界上最不發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)，當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姶蠖嗌钤跍仫柧�以下。但同時(shí)，非洲具有豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源和能源，這對(duì)于以進(jìn)口為主的資源稀缺國家日本來說，是重要的能源來源。日本將非洲作為重要的戰(zhàn)略地區(qū)，日本對(duì)非洲的政府開發(fā)援助在日本對(duì)非洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)外交政策中占據(jù)重要地位。 日本是世界上的援助大國，，自從1954年加入“科倫坡計(jì)劃”開始援助以來，一直把政府開發(fā)援助作為外交的重要工具。日本于1966年開始對(duì)非援助，在近50年的時(shí)間里，日本對(duì)非洲的政府開發(fā)援助都是日本在非洲外交戰(zhàn)略的主要組成部分，國家利益始終貫穿其中。日本對(duì)非洲的政府開發(fā)援助的發(fā)展受到很多因素的影響，經(jīng)歷了起步、擴(kuò)展和穩(wěn)定的階段，逐漸成為日本對(duì)非洲外交至關(guān)重要的工具和手段。日本對(duì)非洲的援助也由原來的雙邊援助方式，發(fā)展為多邊援助和雙邊援助并舉的方式。 日本對(duì)非洲的政府開發(fā)援助的多邊框架主要是東京非洲發(fā)展國際會(huì)議，該會(huì)議至今已舉辦4屆，參加的國家和機(jī)構(gòu)眾多，在非洲事務(wù)有著很重要的地位。會(huì)議每五年舉辦一次，也是日本對(duì)非洲政府開發(fā)援助政策的動(dòng)向標(biāo)，于日本對(duì)非洲政府開發(fā)援助有著重要的意義。 中國是新興援助國家。在對(duì)非洲援助事務(wù)方面，日本經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，在援助體系、援助理念、援助評(píng)估、援助公開等方面給中國很好的啟示。另一方面，中國和日本在非洲事務(wù)上更多的是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，面對(duì)日本加大對(duì)非援助的背景下，我國也應(yīng)有相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。 本文共分為六個(gè)部分。第一部分主要寫的是選題的背景與意義和國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述。第二部分是對(duì)政府開發(fā)援助的一般分析，對(duì)國際發(fā)展援助的涵義和政府開發(fā)援助的涵義進(jìn)行說明，并給出對(duì)外政府開發(fā)援助相關(guān)理論。第三部分是日本對(duì)外援助發(fā)展變化及其體制構(gòu)建。該部分主要給出日本對(duì)外援助變化和援助實(shí)施體制的構(gòu)建。第四部分首先描述日本對(duì)非洲政府開發(fā)援助的發(fā)展過程，之后對(duì)日本對(duì)非政府開發(fā)援助的影響因素進(jìn)行分析。第五部分對(duì)于日本對(duì)非政府開發(fā)援助的評(píng)析，主要分析了日本對(duì)非洲援助方式、援助區(qū)域以及東京非洲發(fā)展國際會(huì)議，并評(píng)析了日本對(duì)非洲援助的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與缺陷。在本文最后一部分，主要描述日本對(duì)非洲政府開發(fā)援助對(duì)我國的啟示，其中包含兩個(gè)方面：借鑒作用和應(yīng)對(duì)措施。
[Abstract]:Africa is the least developed part of the world, and most of its people live below the level of food and clothing.But at the same time, Africa is rich in mineral resources and energy, which is an important source of energy for Japan, a resource-scarce country dominated by imports.Japan regards Africa as an important strategic region, and Japanese government development aid to Africa plays an important role in Japan's economic foreign policy towards Africa.Japan is a big aid country in the world. Since it joined the Colombo Plan in 1954, it has always regarded government development aid as an important tool of diplomacy.Japan began its aid to Africa in 1966. In the past 50 years, Japan's government development aid to Africa has been the main component of Japan's diplomatic strategy in Africa, and its national interests have always permeated it.The development of Japanese government development aid to Africa is influenced by many factors, and it has gone through the stages of starting, expanding and stabilizing, and gradually becomes the tool and means of Japan's crucial to African diplomacy.Japan's aid to Africa has changed from bilateral aid to multilateral aid and bilateral aid.The multilateral framework of Japan's government development assistance to Africa is mainly the Tokyo International Conference on African Development, which has been held for four sessions, with a large number of participating countries and institutions, and plays an important role in African affairs.The conference, which is held every five years, is also the trend of Japan's policy of development assistance to African governments, which is of great significance to Japan's development assistance to African governments.China is a new aid country.Japan has a lot of experience in the field of aid to Africa. It has a good enlightenment to China in the aspects of aid system, aid concept, aid evaluation, aid openness and so on.On the other hand, China and Japan are more competitors in African affairs. In the face of Japan's increasing aid to Africa, China should also take corresponding measures.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part is mainly about the background and significance of the topic and literature review at home and abroad.The second part is the general analysis of government development aid, the meaning of international development aid and the meaning of government development aid, and gives the relevant theory of foreign government development aid.The third part is the development of Japan's foreign aid and its institutional construction.This part mainly gives the change of Japan's foreign aid and the construction of aid implementation system.The fourth part first describes the development process of Japan's development assistance to African governments, and then analyzes the influencing factors of Japan's development aid to African governments.The fifth part mainly analyzes Japan's aid to Africa, the aid region and the Tokyo International Conference on African Development, and analyzes Japan's experiences and shortcomings in aid to Africa.In the last part of this paper, the author mainly describes the enlightenment of Japan's development aid to African governments, which includes two aspects: the role of reference and the countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F114.44

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