本文選題：農(nóng)村金融　切入點：城鄉(xiāng)收入差距　出處：《浙江理工大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，城鄉(xiāng)差距的持續(xù)擴大被視為不利于社會和諧發(fā)展的潛在威脅，城鄉(xiāng)差距的主要體現(xiàn)就是城鄉(xiāng)居民收入水平的差距。自1985年開始，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入的相對比值逐年擴大，目前已突破3:1。造成城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的原因錯綜復雜，大多數(shù)研究認為有以下原因：改革開放初期工農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格“剪刀差”等歷史原因，將農(nóng)村居民和城鎮(zhèn)居民劃清界限并阻礙了農(nóng)民進城的戶籍制度，以及政府實行了一些“城市化傾向”的政策原因等。近幾年也有一些學者研究了金融發(fā)展與城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的關(guān)系，但是很少有單獨從農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展的角度來解釋城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的原因。本文將從農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展角度研究其對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響，對豐富城鄉(xiāng)收入差距問題全方位多層次的認識具有重要的理論意義，對緩解我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距問題，構(gòu)建和諧社會具有積極的現(xiàn)實意義。 在本文的農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展對我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距影響機制研究的理論分析部分，認為農(nóng)村金融規(guī)模和效率發(fā)展會促進經(jīng)濟增長，從而縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；收入分配機制和門檻效應會抑制農(nóng)村金融規(guī)模的擴大和效率的提升，從而使城鄉(xiāng)差距擴大；其他金融因素如金融二元結(jié)構(gòu)和金融危機等也會在一定程度上影響城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。在理論分析基礎(chǔ)上，繼續(xù)進行實證檢驗，運用的方法是基于時序數(shù)據(jù)理論的VAR模型分析和面板數(shù)據(jù)模型分析，采用城鄉(xiāng)居民收入比值為被解釋變量，農(nóng)村融發(fā)展規(guī)模、農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展效率為解釋變量，并以城市化、財政支農(nóng)支出比、農(nóng)村固定資產(chǎn)比重作為控制變量。 在時序數(shù)據(jù)理論模型中，利用1981-2009年的全國時間序列數(shù)據(jù)，得出結(jié)論：短期，農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展規(guī)模總量擴大的沖擊會拉大城鄉(xiāng)收入差距，，農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展效率的提升卻會縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；長期，農(nóng)村金融規(guī)模擴大和農(nóng)村金融效率提升是有利于縮小我國城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的。面板數(shù)據(jù)模型中，利用2005-2009年我國30個省市的數(shù)據(jù)分析，結(jié)果顯示全國范圍內(nèi)分析得到農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展規(guī)模的擴大和農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展效率的提高，會縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距；分東、中、西部分析得到東西部的農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展規(guī)模的擴大有利于城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的縮小，中部不顯著，東西部的農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展效率提升有助于縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距，而中部反而擴大。 這些結(jié)論顯示發(fā)展農(nóng)村金融從長期來看是有助于縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的，因此我國應注重農(nóng)村金融健康有序的發(fā)展，提高其效率和擴大其規(guī)模，最終使城鄉(xiāng)收入差距縮小。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the continuous expansion of the urban-rural gap has been regarded as a potential threat to the harmonious development of society. The main manifestation of the urban-rural gap is the income gap between urban and rural residents. The relative ratio of income between urban and rural residents has expanded year by year and has now exceeded 3: 1.The reasons for the income gap between urban and rural areas are complicated. Most studies believe that there are the following reasons: the price of industrial and agricultural products "scissors" in the early stage of reform and opening up, and other historical reasons. Separate the boundaries between rural and urban residents and hinder the household registration system for peasants entering the city. And why the government has implemented some "urbanization tendencies". In recent years, some scholars have also studied the relationship between financial development and the income gap between urban and rural areas. However, there are few reasons to explain the income gap between urban and rural areas from the perspective of rural financial development. This paper will study its impact on the urban-rural income gap from the perspective of rural financial development. It is of great theoretical significance to enrich the comprehensive and multi-level understanding of the income gap between urban and rural areas. It is of positive practical significance to alleviate the problem of income gap between urban and rural areas in China and to build a harmonious society. In the part of the theoretical analysis of the influence mechanism of rural financial development on the urban-rural income gap in China, it is concluded that the scale and efficiency of rural financial development will promote economic growth and thus narrow the urban-rural income gap; Income distribution mechanism and threshold effect will restrain the expansion of rural financial scale and the improvement of efficiency, thus widening the gap between urban and rural areas; Other financial factors, such as the dualistic structure of finance and the financial crisis, will also affect the income gap between urban and rural areas to a certain extent. The methods used are VAR model analysis based on time series data theory and panel data model analysis. The ratio of urban and rural residents' income is used as the explained variable, the scale of rural financial development and the efficiency of rural financial development are taken as explanatory variables, and urbanization is taken as the explanatory variable. The proportion of rural fixed assets is regarded as the control variable. In the theoretical model of time series data, using the national time series data from 1981 to 2009, it is concluded that in the short term, the impact of the expansion of the total scale of rural financial development will widen the income gap between urban and rural areas. The improvement of rural financial development efficiency will narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. In the panel data model, the expansion of rural financial scale and the improvement of rural financial efficiency will help to narrow the urban-rural income gap. By using the data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2005 to 2009, the results show that the expansion of the scale of rural financial development and the improvement of the efficiency of rural financial development will narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. The western analysis shows that the expansion of the scale of rural financial development in the east and west is conducive to the narrowing of the income gap between urban and rural areas, but the central region is not significant. These conclusions show that the development of rural finance is helpful to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas in the long run. Therefore, our country should pay attention to the healthy and orderly development of rural finance, improve its efficiency and expand its scale, and finally narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.7;F832.7

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