本文選題：轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期　切入點(diǎn)：收入分配差距　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國轉(zhuǎn)型自1978年改革開放開始已有35個(gè)年頭了；俄羅斯轉(zhuǎn)型自1991年蘇聯(lián)解體后實(shí)行激進(jìn)的“休克療法”式改革為起點(diǎn)，迄今也有22年了。整個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)型期間兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)都實(shí)現(xiàn)了高速增長，尤其是隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化腳步加快以及兩國市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的不斷完善，兩國居民收入都大幅增加了，人民總體生活水平也全面提高。然而，居民間的收入分配差距卻不斷被拉大，收入分配不平等和貧富懸殊問題日益凸顯。 本文首先對中俄兩國收入分配的現(xiàn)狀做出實(shí)事求是的分析；其次，對中俄收入分配差距合理性進(jìn)行理性判斷；接下來運(yùn)用SPSS19.0分析軟件，對中俄轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期（1995年~2011年）有關(guān)收入分配差距影響因素的截面數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行主成分分析，分析結(jié)論是處于轉(zhuǎn)型期的新興市場國家的中俄，公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出占政府支出比重和人口自然增長率對收入分配差距的影響并不顯著。而人均GDP增長率、外貿(mào)依存度、農(nóng)業(yè)增加值增長率、最終消費(fèi)支出等占GDP比重、外國直接投資凈流入占GDP比重、按消費(fèi)者價(jià)格指數(shù)衡量的通貨膨脹率、失業(yè)率、高等院校入學(xué)率占總?cè)藬?shù)比重、資本形成總額占GDP比重和農(nóng)業(yè)人口占總?cè)丝诒戎氐纫蛩貙κ杖敕峙洳罹嗟挠绊戯@著。 中國和俄羅斯由于國情、轉(zhuǎn)型路徑和時(shí)間不同，，必須結(jié)合各自實(shí)際選擇公共政策和措施。中國需要在加快城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程、規(guī)范收入分配機(jī)制，破除壟斷行業(yè)高收入，加大對不合理和不合法等收入的打擊力度，有效維護(hù)市場秩序，增加居民收入、提供更多社會保障和公共產(chǎn)品方面下大力氣。俄羅斯則需要加大社會產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和落后產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型，完善社會保障機(jī)制，加大外資利用率和發(fā)展國家貿(mào)易，在稅收方面要加大調(diào)節(jié)力度，控制貧富差距懸殊出現(xiàn)�？傊鶕�(jù)各國國情，選擇促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、加快二元結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型、完善社會保障制度、加大公共財(cái)政支出、加大稅收調(diào)節(jié)力度以及注重收入再分配等措施的綜合運(yùn)用可能是中俄這樣的主要轉(zhuǎn)型國家平衡收入差距問題的最終選擇。
[Abstract]:Since 1978, the beginning of reform and opening up for more than 35 years China transition; transition in Russia since 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union to implement radical "shock therapy" reform as a starting point, so far there are 22 years. The period of transition economies have achieved rapid growth, especially with the quickening pace of economic globalization and the market economy system the two countries continue to improve, income residents have increased significantly, people's overall living standard also improve. However, the income gap between residents is being widening income inequality and wealth gap problem has become increasingly prominent.
Make realistic analysis firstly the status of Sino Russian income distribution; secondly, the income distribution gap of Sino Russian rationality judgment; then using SPSS19.0 analysis software, during the period of social transition in Russia and China (1995 ~2011) data on the factors influencing the income distribution gap for principal component analysis, the analysis conclusion is in the transition period of the new China and Russia the national market, public health expenditure accounted for the proportion of government expenditure and the natural population growth rate impact on the income distribution gap is not significant. While the growth rate of per capita GDP, foreign trade dependence, the agricultural added value growth rate, final consumption expenditure proportion of GDP, the net inflow of foreign direct investment accounted for the proportion of GDP, according to the consumer price index a measure of the inflation rate, the unemployment rate, college enrollment rate accounted for the proportion of total capital formation, the proportion of GDP and agricultural population in total The proportion of population and other factors has a significant impact on the income distribution gap.
Chinese and Russia due to the situation, the transformation path and time must be different, with their actual choice of public policies and measures. Chinese need to speed up the process of urbanization, standardize income distribution mechanism, breaking the monopoly of high income, increase efforts to combat the unreasonable and illegal income, effectively maintain the market order, increase the income of residents, provide more social security and public products with great efforts. Russia needs to increase the social adjustment of industrial structure and backward industrial restructuring, improve the social security system, increase the utilization of foreign investment and the development of national trade, to strengthen the regulation on taxation, control the gap between the rich and the poor. In conclusion, according to the national conditions, choose to promote economic growth to accelerate the transformation of two yuan structure, improve the social security system, increase public financial expenditure, increase the intensity of tax adjustment and focus on income redistribution. The comprehensive application of the application may be the ultimate choice for the balance of income gap between the main transition countries such as China and Russia.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F124.7;F151.2

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