本文選題：印度　切入點(diǎn)：服務(wù)業(yè)　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：貧困是一個困擾世界各國發(fā)展的全球性問題，雖然人類在進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展，但是無論是在生產(chǎn)力高度發(fā)達(dá)的資本主義國家，還是在生產(chǎn)力比較落后的發(fā)展中國家，都存在著不同程度的貧困。貧困問題仍然是當(dāng)今世界各國面臨的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)，也是限制人類社會發(fā)展的障礙。印度是世界人口大國，也是貧困人口最多的國家之一，，如何消除貧困，減少貧困人口的數(shù)量，不僅有利于印度經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，對世界范圍的減貧事業(yè)也意義重大。20世紀(jì)90年代以來，印度突出發(fā)展的服務(wù)業(yè)為其經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)，同時，印度的貧困率也在迅速下降，服務(wù)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為推動印度經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要動力。印度的發(fā)展模式不同于世界上任何一個國家，它從一個農(nóng)業(yè)大國跨越工業(yè)化階段，直接步入了服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)時代，成為了世界主要服務(wù)中心之一。印度的經(jīng)驗告示世人：工業(yè)化并不是經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的唯一途徑，通過服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和降低貧困是可能的，服務(wù)業(yè)能成為減貧的推動力。 綜觀當(dāng)前學(xué)術(shù)界的研究成果，研究印度服務(wù)業(yè)與降低貧困之間關(guān)系的文獻(xiàn)較少，因此，本文試圖從這個角度出發(fā)，研究服務(wù)業(yè)降低貧困的機(jī)制。本文第一部分就國內(nèi)外關(guān)于服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展與降低貧困之間的關(guān)系的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了綜述，總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)業(yè)主要通過促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)以及基本公共服務(wù)的提供這三個途徑降低貧困。第二部分闡釋了服務(wù)業(yè)相關(guān)理論以及貧困相關(guān)理論，主要有服務(wù)業(yè)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的理論、服務(wù)業(yè)與就業(yè)的理論以及反貧困理論。第三部分從理論上具體分析了服務(wù)業(yè)降低貧困的機(jī)制。第四部分通過建立一個計量模型，對不同產(chǎn)業(yè)降低貧困的作用進(jìn)行了實證分析，分析結(jié)果顯示：在印度的三大產(chǎn)業(yè)中，只有服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展對降低貧困具有積極的作用。第五部分針對印度服務(wù)業(yè)在減貧過程中出現(xiàn)的問題提出了建設(shè)性的意見。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處有三個方面：第一，選題角度的創(chuàng)新；第二，歸納提出服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展降低貧困的機(jī)制；第三，提出印度服務(wù)業(yè)減貧過程中的問題及建議。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a global problem that puzzles the development of all countries in the world. Although the world economy has developed rapidly since 21th century, but whether it is in the highly developed productive forces of capitalist countries, Poverty is still a serious challenge facing all countries in the world today, and it is also an obstacle to the development of human society. India is a populous country in the world. It is also one of the countries with the largest number of poor people. How to eliminate poverty and reduce the number of poor people is not only conducive to the rapid economic development of India, but also significant to the cause of poverty reduction worldwide since 90s. India's prominent services sector has made a huge contribution to its rapid economic growth, and its poverty rate is declining rapidly. The service industry has become the main driving force for India's economic development. India's development model is different from that of any other country in the world. It has crossed the stage of industrialization from a large agricultural country and entered the era of service economy directly. Has become one of the world's leading service centres. The experience of India has shown that industrialization is not the only way for rapid economic development, and that it is possible to promote economic growth and reduce poverty through the development of services. Services can be a driving force for poverty reduction. Looking at the current academic research results, there is less literature on the relationship between service industry and poverty reduction in India. Therefore, this paper attempts to proceed from this perspective. The first part of this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign literature on the relationship between the development of the service industry and poverty reduction, and finds that the service industry mainly promotes economic growth. Employment creation and the provision of basic public services are three ways to reduce poverty. The second part explains the theories related to services and poverty, mainly services and economic growth. The theory of service industry and employment and the theory of anti-poverty. The third part concretely analyzes the mechanism of poverty reduction in service industry in theory. Part 4th makes an empirical analysis on the effect of poverty reduction in different industries by establishing a econometric model. The results show that only the development of service industry plays a positive role in reducing poverty among the three major industries in India. Part 5th puts forward some constructive suggestions on the problems in the process of poverty reduction in India's service industry. The innovation of this paper has three aspects: first, the innovation of the selected topic; secondly, the mechanism of poverty reduction in the development of the service industry; third, the problems and suggestions in the process of poverty reduction in the service industry of India.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F719;F135.1

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