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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：發(fā)展成果共享執(zhí)政理念下反城市貧困問題研究　出處：《首都師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 發(fā)展成果 共享 城市貧困 反城市貧困 共享式增長

【摘要】：貧困問題被聯(lián)合國確定為社會發(fā)展問題的三大主題之首。新中國成立后,我國的“扶貧開發(fā)”政策主要針對農(nóng)村進行,改革開放30年來,經(jīng)濟、社會發(fā)展取得巨大成就的同時,在城市中卻分化出一個規(guī)模龐大、數(shù)量眾多的貧困人口群體。城市貧困群體不僅物質(zhì)生活水平低下,而且精神生活貧乏,失落感和消極情緒與日俱增,容易激化社會矛盾,處理不好極有可能成為影響社會穩(wěn)定的一大隱患,因此對中國城市貧困狀況包括貧困群體生活狀況、社會特征、造成貧困原因以及中國目前反城市貧困現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)予以極大的關(guān)注和采取有效措施去解決。 本文中的反城市貧困是指20世紀90年代以來,由于市場經(jīng)濟體制轉(zhuǎn)軌,經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,國企改制、農(nóng)村剩余勞動力向城市轉(zhuǎn)移以及貧富差距擴大等引起的城市貧困問題的治理。現(xiàn)階段我國城市貧困問題與其他國家相比,特別是與西方發(fā)達國家相比,我國沒有經(jīng)歷一個完整的工業(yè)化階段,因此目前的貧困問題具有更大的復(fù)雜性。新形勢下有必要對反城市貧困政策的指導(dǎo)思想、方法和內(nèi)容進行深入反思。隨著改革開放的不斷深化,改革發(fā)展成果凸顯,中國共產(chǎn)黨的執(zhí)政理念隨著社會形勢的變化也在發(fā)生變化,改革發(fā)展成果人民共享已是全黨達成共識的執(zhí)政理念。2013年3月在十二屆人大一次會議閉幕式上,習近平總書記更加明確提出要讓人民“共同享有人生出彩的機會,共同享有夢想成真的機會,共同享有同祖國和時代一起成長與進步的機會�！边@標志著發(fā)展成果共享這一執(zhí)政理念的具化。發(fā)展成果共享不僅僅是在分配領(lǐng)域使成果惠及全體人民,更需要在發(fā)展方式上向共享式發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)變,使全體人民不僅享受到改革發(fā)展帶來的利益,更能享受到公平的發(fā)展機會,從根本上擺脫城市貧困,實現(xiàn)共同富裕。 文章從以下幾個方面鋪開論述： 第一部分,文章首先從城市貧困概念的界定包括貧困群體的構(gòu)成及規(guī)模、城市貧困的表現(xiàn)及成因分析、反城市貧困現(xiàn)狀三個方面全面分析我國目前的貧困情況以及反城市貧困的進程,初步分析造成反城市貧困存在問題的原因,明確提出問題。 第二部分,理論分析。中國共產(chǎn)黨十七大明確提出“發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享”,為反城市貧困提供了新的思路,因此文章在第二部分首先從馬克思經(jīng)典、中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人關(guān)于共享理論的論述、構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的必然要求三個方面分析了實現(xiàn)發(fā)展成果共享的理論基礎(chǔ),其次,論述反城市貧困與共享發(fā)展成果的辯證關(guān)系：最后,借鑒世界反城市貧困問題的經(jīng)驗,特別是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟學(xué)關(guān)于共享式發(fā)展理念的分析與實踐。 第三部分,提出對策。夯實物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟增長從共享式經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式的角度出發(fā),在對政策參與、分配制度、就業(yè)體系、福利制度等進行完善的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建以政府為主導(dǎo)的反城市貧困體系,提升城市貧困群體的自身能力；從發(fā)展到治理,從外因到內(nèi)因整個過程都運用發(fā)展成果共享理念指導(dǎo)反城市貧困。
[Abstract]:The problem of poverty has been identified by the United Nations for the three major themes of social development in the first. After the founding of new Chinese, China's "poverty alleviation" policy aimed at rural areas, 30 years of reform and opening up, economic and social development has made great achievements at the same time, the city is differentiated from a large number of the poor population groups. A poor group of city not only the level of material life and spiritual life is low, lack of sense of loss and negative emotions grow with each passing day, easily intensify social contradictions, not good is likely to become a major problem affecting social stability, so the Chinese city poverty including poor living conditions, social characteristics, reasons and cause of poverty at present Chinese anti city poverty situation should be paid great attention to and take effective measures to solve the problem.
In this paper, the anti poverty refers to the city since 1990s, due to market economy, the adjustment of economic structure, the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, governance city poverty problem of rural surplus labor transfer to the city and caused a widening gap between rich and poor and so on. At the present stage of the poverty of our country city compared with other countries, especially compared with western developed countries, I China has not experienced a complete stage of industrialization, so the current poverty problem is more complicated. Under the new situation it is necessary to guide the thought of city anti poverty policies, methods and contents of further reflection. With the deepening of reform and opening up, reform and development of the Communist Party of China highlights, the ruling idea changes with the social situation is also changing, people share the fruits of reform and development is the consensus of the ruling idea of.2013 in March in the twelve people at a time The closing ceremony of the conference, the general secretary Xi Jinping more clearly to let people "to enjoy life the color of opportunity, a chance to live their dreams, the common enjoyment of the motherland together with the times and opportunities for growth and advancement." this marks the sharing of development achievements the governing idea embodied not only in the sharing of development achievements. The distribution of achievements benefit all the people, need to share type development in the way of development, so that all the people not only enjoy the benefits of reform and development, but also enjoy the equal opportunities of development, fundamentally get rid of city poverty and achieve common prosperity.
The article spreads out from the following aspects:
The first part, the article first defines the concept of city poverty including poverty group structure and scale, performance and cause analysis of city poverty, anti poverty situation of city three comprehensive analysis of the poverty situation in China at present and the process of city anti poverty, anti poverty city made preliminary analysis of the existence of the problem, clear question.
The second part, the theoretical analysis. China Communist Party Congress clearly put forward "development for the people, by the people, the fruits of development shared by the people", provides a new way for anti poverty of the city, so in the second part of the paper starts from the Marx classic, party leaders about sharing theory, the three aspects of constructing the socialism harmonious society the analysis of the theoretical basis, realize the sharing of development achievements and secondly, discusses the dialectical relationship between the anti poverty of the city and share the fruits of development. Finally, referring to the world anti poverty city experience, especially the analysis and practice of development economics on the shared development concept.
The third part puts forward the countermeasures. Strengthening the material base, the transformation of economic growth from the sharing of the mode of economic development in the perspective of participation, distribution system, policy of employment system, based on the perfect welfare system, build a government anti poverty system leading city, improve the city poor groups from their own ability; from development to governance, causes the entire process by the sharing of development achievements guidance of the concept of anti poverty of the city.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F126

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本文編號：1359570