【摘要】：公元前5世紀(jì)至前4世紀(jì)前期,古典時(shí)期的雅典,經(jīng)過梭倫、伯里克利等的改革,雅典社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治與文化空前繁榮,民主政治在雅典等城邦獲得極大的發(fā)展。雅典民主改革取得了長足發(fā)展,具體表現(xiàn)為雅典公民通過公民大會(huì)審議國家大事,公民具有民主決定權(quán);公民通過陪審法庭,審判結(jié)果公正化;十將軍委員會(huì)的設(shè)立使得公民民主決定達(dá)到較高水平,大大防止了個(gè)人專權(quán);五百人會(huì)議則將公民的權(quán)力擴(kuò)大,使得雅典民主逐步完善。就整個(gè)雅典社會(huì)來看,雅典民主的建立對(duì)于促進(jìn)民主政治繁榮和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定起到了明顯作用,但是,不容忽視的是雅典奴隸和婦女的狀況。雅典婦女未取得完全公民權(quán),她們沒能享受到雅典民主改革的成果。本文主要梳理了三個(gè)方面的問題,第一、雅典婦女的公民權(quán)問題;第二、雅典婦女在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中的地位;第三,雅典婦女宗教生活中扮演的角色。通過對(duì)比前人研究成果和筆者的分析,本文認(rèn)為雅典婦女具有不完全的公民權(quán),她們生理上的本能決定了她們?cè)谡�、�?jīng)濟(jì)、文化中的地位要屈從于男性。但是,雅典婦女在宗教中的地位較其他社會(huì)地位要樂觀,種種原因使得她們?cè)谀承┳诮讨袚碛休^高的地位。
[Abstract]:From the 5th century BC to the early 4th century BC, Athens in the classical period, after the reforms of Solon, Burickley, etc., brought unprecedented prosperity in the economy, politics and culture of the Athenian society, and the development of democracy in Athens and other city-states. The democratic reform in Athens has made great progress, which shows that the citizens of Athens consider the national affairs through the Citizenship Assembly, and citizens have democratic decision-making power, the citizens through the jury court, the results of the trial are fair; The establishment of the Council of Ten generals made the democratic decisions of citizens reach a higher level and prevented individual dictatorship greatly, while the 500-member meeting expanded the powers of citizens and gradually perfected democracy in Athens. From the point of view of the whole Athenian society, the establishment of Athenian democracy has played an obvious role in promoting democratic political prosperity and social stability, but the situation of Athenian slaves and women should not be ignored. Athenian women have not achieved full citizenship, and they have failed to enjoy the fruits of the democratic reforms in Athens. This paper mainly combs three aspects: first, the citizenship of Athenian women; second, the status of Athenian women in politics, economy and culture; third, the role of Athenian women in religious life. By comparing the previous research results and the author's analysis, this paper holds that Athenian women have incomplete citizenship rights, and their physiological instincts determine that their position in politics, economy and culture should be subjugated to men. However, Athenian women's status in religion is more optimistic than other social status, for various reasons they have a higher status in some religions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K125

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