養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作問(wèn)題研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-20 05:29
【摘要】：為了滿足日益增加的老年服務(wù)需求,我國(guó)于二十世紀(jì)末開(kāi)始了養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化改革實(shí)踐,確立了政府主導(dǎo),社會(huì)參與,多元化運(yùn)作的養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化發(fā)展思路。隨著社會(huì)力量廣泛參與到養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的建設(shè)中來(lái),我國(guó)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)得以快速發(fā)展,養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)量不斷增加,養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的服務(wù)水平不斷提升。近年來(lái),我國(guó)人口結(jié)構(gòu)老齡化、高齡化進(jìn)入快速發(fā)展期,預(yù)計(jì)我國(guó)將于2025年至2030年間進(jìn)入深度老齡社會(huì)。這一趨勢(shì)要求必須深化養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化改革,分析養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作存在的深層次問(wèn)題,提出具有可行性的對(duì)策建議,使養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)更好地滿足社會(huì)需要。本文以社會(huì)福利社會(huì)化為理論基礎(chǔ),以山東省養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作為個(gè)案研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用公共政策定性分析法、文獻(xiàn)研究法和深度訪談法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。首先,總結(jié)和分析山東省養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作現(xiàn)狀,將山東省養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作實(shí)踐過(guò)程中所出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題歸納為三個(gè)方面：養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)模式單一、資金來(lái)源渠道不暢通、稅收及營(yíng)運(yùn)優(yōu)惠不明確等政策性問(wèn)題；養(yǎng)老服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)數(shù)量偏少、社會(huì)對(duì)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)知存在偏差、老年人支付能力有限等外部環(huán)境問(wèn)題；養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)提供服務(wù)項(xiàng)目不豐富、心理輔助缺失、機(jī)構(gòu)工作人員職業(yè)能力參差不齊等內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題。其次,從歷史淵源,外部環(huán)境影響和內(nèi)部矛盾等三個(gè)方面入手,探討問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的深層次原因：我國(guó)特殊的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)體制以及根深蒂固的傳統(tǒng)文化；經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展水平、社會(huì)福利政策、社會(huì)老齡化程度和家庭結(jié)構(gòu)；養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)和老齡人之間缺少互動(dòng),機(jī)構(gòu)工作人員缺乏系統(tǒng)性、政策性的引導(dǎo)及培訓(xùn)。最后,針對(duì)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化運(yùn)作出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策：一是發(fā)揮政府統(tǒng)籌主導(dǎo)作用,理順政府與養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的關(guān)系,理順政府、社團(tuán)與福利機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)系,注重政策、法規(guī)、規(guī)劃、審批、組織、協(xié)調(diào)、經(jīng)費(fèi)調(diào)撥和監(jiān)督檢查等宏觀的管理模式過(guò)渡；二是加快養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)在社會(huì)化變革,形成多元化養(yǎng)老服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu),提升養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部人員服務(wù)水平,提升養(yǎng)老服務(wù)科技水平；三是完善養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)社會(huì)化的制度保障,制定養(yǎng)老服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展規(guī)劃,明確養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的法律權(quán)利和義務(wù),規(guī)范養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)秩序等。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the increasing demand for elderly service, China began to reform the socialization of pension institutions at the end of the 20th century, and established the idea of socialized development of pension institutions with government leading, social participation and diversified operation. With the extensive participation of social forces in the construction of pension institutions, the pension institutions in China have been developing rapidly, the number of pension institutions has been increasing, and the service level of pension institutions has been continuously improved. In recent years, the aging of population structure in China has entered a period of rapid development, and it is expected that China will enter a deep aging society from 2025 to 2030. This trend requires deepening the reform of the socialization of pension institutions, analyzing the deep-seated problems existing in the socialization of pension institutions, and putting forward feasible countermeasures and suggestions, so that the pension institutions can better meet the needs of the society. Based on the socialization of social welfare, this paper takes the socialization of pension institutions in Shandong Province as the case study object, applies the qualitative analysis method of public policy, literature research method and in-depth interview method to carry on the systematic research. First of all, it summarizes and analyzes the current situation of the socialization operation of the pension institutions in Shandong Province, and concludes the problems in the process of the socialization operation of the pension institutions in Shandong Province into three aspects: the single mode of pension institutions, the lack of smooth channels of funding sources, Policy issues such as unclear tax and operating preferences; The number of old-age service institutions is on the low side, there are some external environmental problems such as the deviation of social cognition to pension institutions and the limited ability of the elderly to pay. There are some internal structural problems, such as the inabundance of service items, the lack of psychological assistance and the uneven professional ability of the staff. Secondly, from the historical origin, the external environment influence and the internal contradiction, discusses the deep level reason which the question produces: our country special political economy system and the deep-rooted traditional culture; The level of economic and social development, social welfare policy, the degree of social aging and family structure, the lack of interaction between old-age institutions and the elderly, the lack of systematic institutional staff, policy guidance and training. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in view of the problems arising from the socialization operation of pension institutions: first, to give play to the leading role of the government as a whole, to straighten out the relationship between the government and the pension institutions, to straighten out the relationship between the government, the community and the welfare institutions, and to pay attention to the policies and regulations, Planning, examination and approval, organization, coordination, allocation of funds and supervision and inspection of macro-management model transition; Second, accelerate the internal socialization reform of pension institutions, form diversified pension service institutions, improve the service level of the internal staff of pension institutions, and enhance the level of science and technology of pension services; Third, it is necessary to perfect the institutional guarantee of the socialization of pension institutions, formulate plans for the development of pension service institutions, clarify the legal rights and obligations of pension institutions, and standardize the order of competition in the market of pension institutions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D669.6
本文編號(hào)：2343910
[Abstract]:In order to meet the increasing demand for elderly service, China began to reform the socialization of pension institutions at the end of the 20th century, and established the idea of socialized development of pension institutions with government leading, social participation and diversified operation. With the extensive participation of social forces in the construction of pension institutions, the pension institutions in China have been developing rapidly, the number of pension institutions has been increasing, and the service level of pension institutions has been continuously improved. In recent years, the aging of population structure in China has entered a period of rapid development, and it is expected that China will enter a deep aging society from 2025 to 2030. This trend requires deepening the reform of the socialization of pension institutions, analyzing the deep-seated problems existing in the socialization of pension institutions, and putting forward feasible countermeasures and suggestions, so that the pension institutions can better meet the needs of the society. Based on the socialization of social welfare, this paper takes the socialization of pension institutions in Shandong Province as the case study object, applies the qualitative analysis method of public policy, literature research method and in-depth interview method to carry on the systematic research. First of all, it summarizes and analyzes the current situation of the socialization operation of the pension institutions in Shandong Province, and concludes the problems in the process of the socialization operation of the pension institutions in Shandong Province into three aspects: the single mode of pension institutions, the lack of smooth channels of funding sources, Policy issues such as unclear tax and operating preferences; The number of old-age service institutions is on the low side, there are some external environmental problems such as the deviation of social cognition to pension institutions and the limited ability of the elderly to pay. There are some internal structural problems, such as the inabundance of service items, the lack of psychological assistance and the uneven professional ability of the staff. Secondly, from the historical origin, the external environment influence and the internal contradiction, discusses the deep level reason which the question produces: our country special political economy system and the deep-rooted traditional culture; The level of economic and social development, social welfare policy, the degree of social aging and family structure, the lack of interaction between old-age institutions and the elderly, the lack of systematic institutional staff, policy guidance and training. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in view of the problems arising from the socialization operation of pension institutions: first, to give play to the leading role of the government as a whole, to straighten out the relationship between the government and the pension institutions, to straighten out the relationship between the government, the community and the welfare institutions, and to pay attention to the policies and regulations, Planning, examination and approval, organization, coordination, allocation of funds and supervision and inspection of macro-management model transition; Second, accelerate the internal socialization reform of pension institutions, form diversified pension service institutions, improve the service level of the internal staff of pension institutions, and enhance the level of science and technology of pension services; Third, it is necessary to perfect the institutional guarantee of the socialization of pension institutions, formulate plans for the development of pension service institutions, clarify the legal rights and obligations of pension institutions, and standardize the order of competition in the market of pension institutions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D669.6
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，本文編號(hào)：2343910
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