【摘要】：在辨析職能與功能、考試職能與考試功能的基礎(chǔ)上，明確了高考職能與高考功能的內(nèi)涵、關(guān)系以及研究的切入點(diǎn)。首先，圍繞著高考科目設(shè)置和基于會(huì)考基礎(chǔ)之上的高考改革，梳理高考結(jié)構(gòu)的形成、演變的歷程。然后，從高考與高等學(xué)校生源的選擇、中學(xué)素質(zhì)教育的實(shí)施、高等學(xué)校辦學(xué)自主權(quán)的擴(kuò)大等三個(gè)方面的關(guān)系入手，解讀高考職能。接著，具體探究“文理二分”、“會(huì)考+高考”、“3+X”三種不同模式的高考結(jié)構(gòu)的功能。最后，著重探討教育、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)階層等四個(gè)方面的環(huán)境對高考的作用。 研究認(rèn)為，高考改革呈現(xiàn)出由高等教育主導(dǎo)向基礎(chǔ)教育主導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)變的特征。當(dāng)社會(huì)環(huán)境賦予了高考為高等學(xué)校選擇生源的職能之時(shí)，隨即也賦予了高考分配社會(huì)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源的角色。高考分配社會(huì)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源的角色，始終貫穿于高考整個(gè)教育活動(dòng)中，是明確高考在教育領(lǐng)域中的職能與功能的關(guān)鍵。隨著高等教育由精英階段步入大眾化階段，高考選才職能受到質(zhì)疑，但是，社會(huì)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源與高等教育資源緊密銜接，高考分配社會(huì)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源的角色越來越突出，這使得為高等學(xué)校選擇生源依舊是高考可行職能，同時(shí)也給中學(xué)教育和高等學(xué)校辦學(xué)自主權(quán)造成負(fù)面功能，然而，有助于中學(xué)實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育以及高等學(xué)校擴(kuò)大辦學(xué)自主權(quán)并非高考合理之職能。誠然，高考所背負(fù)的分配社會(huì)優(yōu)質(zhì)資源的角色，是高考負(fù)面功能的根源，但是，高考負(fù)面功能的的產(chǎn)生，也有它自身結(jié)構(gòu)的不完善性和外部良性環(huán)境條件缺失的原因。高考職能的履行與高考負(fù)面功能的解決，一方面應(yīng)進(jìn)一步完善高考結(jié)構(gòu)，另一方面應(yīng)為高考營造出健康的外部條件與環(huán)境。高中教育、高等教育等環(huán)境是高考職能訴求的主要來源；政治對高考的創(chuàng)建、廢止、恢復(fù)等起著關(guān)鍵的作用，現(xiàn)今仍占主導(dǎo)地位，經(jīng)濟(jì)則于改革開放之后逐步顯示出它對高考的基礎(chǔ)性作用；社會(huì)分層與社會(huì)流動(dòng)是高考背負(fù)社會(huì)角色的根源。然而，總體而言，，當(dāng)前我國社會(huì)環(huán)境并不利于高考職能的履行和良性功能的發(fā)揮。
[Abstract]:On the basis of analyzing the functions and functions of the college entrance examination and the functions of the examination, the connotation, the relation and the breakthrough point of the research of the functions of the college entrance examination and the college entrance examination are clarified. First of all, the course of formation and evolution of the structure of college entrance examination is combed around the setting of subjects and the reform of college entrance examination based on the foundation of HKCEE. Then, starting with the relationship between the college entrance examination and the choice of college students, the implementation of quality education in middle schools, and the expansion of the autonomy of running a university, the functions of college entrance examination are interpreted. Then, the paper probes into the functions of the structure of the college entrance examination in three different modes: the two points of Literature and Science, the College entrance examination of the Hong Kong Certificate of Education examination and the three different models of "3X". Finally, the paper discusses the effect of education, politics, economy and social stratum on college entrance examination. The study shows that the reform of college entrance examination has changed from higher education leading to basic education. When the social environment endows the college entrance examination with the function of choosing the source of students, it also gives the college entrance examination the role of allocating social high quality resources. The role of the college entrance examination in allocating social high quality resources has always run through the whole educational activities of the college entrance examination and is the key to clarify the function and function of the college entrance examination in the field of education. As higher education moves from elite stage to popular stage, the function of selecting talents in college entrance examination is questioned. However, social high quality resources are closely linked with higher education resources, and the role of college entrance examination in allocating social high quality resources is becoming more and more prominent. This makes the choice of students for colleges and universities is still a feasible function of the college entrance examination, and it also creates a negative function for middle school education and the autonomy of higher education. However, It is not a reasonable function of college entrance examination to help high school to carry out quality education and to expand the autonomy of running a school. It is true that the role of allocating social high quality resources is the root of the negative function of the college entrance examination. However, the emergence of the negative function of the college entrance examination also has its own imperfect structure and the lack of external benign environmental conditions. In order to fulfill the function of college entrance examination and solve the negative function of college entrance examination, the structure of college entrance examination should be further improved on the one hand, and the external condition and environment of college entrance examination should be created on the other hand. The environment of high school education and higher education is the main source of the college entrance examination function appeal. Politics plays a key role in the establishment, abolition and restoration of the college entrance examination, and still dominates today. The economy gradually shows its basic role in the college entrance examination after the reform and opening up, and social stratification and social mobility are the root of the social role of the college entrance examination. However, in general, the current social environment is not conducive to the performance of college entrance examination function and benign function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G632.474

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 郭琳琳;大眾化背景下我國高考選擇功能優(yōu)化研究[D];河北大學(xué);2015年

本文編號(hào)：2250698