本文選題：新疆少數(shù)民族 + 高考優(yōu)惠政策　； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自1950年國家首次對民族考生在高考錄取期間提出“照顧錄取”這一政策以來，至今對于少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了近60多年的歷程。期間由于政治、經(jīng)濟等原因，該政策也不斷趨于完善。本文以新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向為研究對象，選取1950年至今的政策文本，深入分析新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策的演變，結(jié)合社會背景闡述隱藏在政策演變背后的價值選擇以及價值取向的變遷及其原因，并通過來自社會公眾不同的意見對現(xiàn)階段該政策價值取向進(jìn)行剖析，最后分析未來該政策的價值定位，以及未來新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向的構(gòu)想。 從文本梳理來看，不同時期出臺的新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策都是為了保證當(dāng)時的培養(yǎng)少數(shù)民族人才以滿足社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，有濃重的時代背景烙印。從新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策的發(fā)展及其時代背景出發(fā)，，我們可把該政策的演變劃分為四個階段：新中國建立初期（1949-1965）；“文化大革命”（1966-1976）；恢復(fù)高考階段（1977-1998）；全面發(fā)展階段（1999至今）。通過文本梳理分析發(fā)現(xiàn)該政策的價值選擇始終秉持對弱勢群體的補償以及對新疆少數(shù)民族受高等教育權(quán)的保障。研究表明，新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向的變遷主要從注重社會需求向注重個人需求的轉(zhuǎn)變、從注重效率優(yōu)先到兼顧教育公平的轉(zhuǎn)變。而新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向考慮的因素不是單方面的，而是基于多方面因素的考慮。 在以往的教育政策分析研究中，國家政治、經(jīng)濟的需要往往處于一枝獨秀的地位，而對于人們的需求和價值傾向缺乏應(yīng)有的重視和研究，形成了忽視公眾參與的單向度教育政策研究模式。在利益多元化的今天，面對越來越多的新問題，人們的價值追求也必然呈現(xiàn)多元化的形態(tài)。本文通過支持聯(lián)盟框架理論對新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策進(jìn)行邏輯分析，從中發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個聯(lián)盟擁有共同的深層核心信仰，既受高等教育權(quán)利的問題，而表層信仰則是教育公平與效率的問題。通過與多名新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策的支持者與反對者進(jìn)行訪談。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)支持者們對于新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向呈現(xiàn)積極鼓勵的態(tài)度認(rèn)為該政策應(yīng)該繼續(xù)實施下去，他們對該政策價值取向的合理性、少數(shù)民族高考成績的提高、邊疆農(nóng)牧區(qū)政策照顧以及單科成績限制所取得的成績給予了高度的肯定。而反對者們的意見則主要凸顯為：逆歧視化、高考移民、假民族身份以及惰性心理滋生等方面。 通過對新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策的歷史文本梳理、價值取向變化分析以及現(xiàn)階段人們對于該政策的價值訴求分析，反思新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策，最大的問題便是該政策的價值定位模糊。那么未來新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策要改革完善，首先需要解決的問題是該政策的價值定位問題。而新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策最基本的價值定位就是滿足少數(shù)民族學(xué)生的需要。所以說，在未來的社會條件下，新疆少數(shù)民族高考優(yōu)惠政策價值取向應(yīng)逐漸追求向“和而不同”的理念、“多元化”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、“回應(yīng)機制”的創(chuàng)建以及“保障機制”的完善等方面靠攏，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)新疆少數(shù)民族高等教育和諧有序、公平公正的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the state first proposed the policy of "taking care" for national candidates for the first time in the college entrance examination in 1950, the preferential policies for national minorities have gone through the course of nearly 60 years. The policy has been constantly improved because of political and economic reasons. This article takes the preferential policy of the national minority national entrance examination in Xinjiang to take the preferential policy. To be the research object, we select the policy text from 1950 to the present, analyze the evolution of the preferential policy of the national minority nationality entrance examination in Xinjiang, and explain the value choice behind the policy evolution and the changes and reasons of the value orientation, which are hidden in the social background, and carry out the current policy value orientation through different opinions from the public. Finally, it analyzes the future value orientation of the policy and the future value orientation of Xinjiang minority college entrance examination preferential policy.
From the point of view of the text, the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang are introduced in different periods in order to ensure the training of ethnic minority talents at that time in order to meet the social and economic development and have a strong background brand. From the development of the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang and the background of their time generation, we can make the evolution of this policy. It is divided into four stages: the early period of the founding of new China (1949-1965); the "Cultural Revolution" (1966-1976); the resumption of the stage of college entrance examination (1977-1998); the comprehensive development stage (1999 today). Through a text analysis, it is found that the value selection of the policy always holds the compensation for the disadvantaged and the protection of the higher education rights of the minority nationalities in Xinjiang. The study shows that the change of the preferential policy value orientation of the national minorities in Xinjiang is mainly from paying attention to the social demand to pay attention to the individual needs, and from paying attention to efficiency to give consideration to the change of education equity. And the factors of consideration of the preferential policy value orientation of the national minority nationality entrance examination in Xinjiang are not unilateral, but are based on the multifaceted factors. Worry.
In the previous study of educational policy analysis, the national political and economic needs are often in a unique position, and the lack of due attention and Research on people's needs and values has formed a one-way education policy research mode that ignores public participation. In the present situation of diversification of interests, more and more new problems are faced. Through the support of the framework theory of the alliance, this paper makes a logical analysis of the preferential policies of the national minorities in Xinjiang, and finds that the two alliances have a common deep core belief, which is not only the problem of the right of higher education, but the surface belief is the problem of educational fairness and efficiency. A number of supporters and opponents of the preferential policies for national minority national college entrance examination in Xinjiang have been interviewed. The study found that supporters have actively encouraged the value orientation of the preferential policies for national minorities in Xinjiang. They think the policy should continue to be carried out, their value of the policy is reasonable, and the achievement of national minorities' national college entrance examination is raised. The achievements of the policy care in agricultural and pastoral areas in the border areas and the limits of the performance of the single department have been highly affirmed, while the opinions of the opponents are mainly highlighted by the adverse discrimination, the immigration of the college entrance examination, the identity of the false ethnic groups and the indolent psychological development.
Through the historical text of the preferential policy of the national minorities in Xinjiang, the analysis of the change of value orientation and the analysis of the value appeal of the policy at the present stage, rethinking the preferential policy of the national minorities in Xinjiang, the biggest problem is the ambiguity of the value orientation of the policy. Then, in the future, the preferential policy of the college entrance examination for ethnic minorities in Xinjiang should be changed The first thing to solve is the value orientation of the policy, and the most basic value orientation of the preferential policy of the national minority national entrance examination in Xinjiang is to meet the needs of the minority students. Therefore, in the future social conditions, the value orientation of the preferential policy for the national minorities in Xinjiang should be gradually pursued to "harmony and different". The concept, the "pluralism" standard, the creation of the "response mechanism" and the improvement of the "guarantee mechanism" are close, which will promote the harmonious and orderly development of the higher education of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G639.2

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