本文選題：玉蟬 + 玉文化　； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：玉蟬是一種蟬形的玉飾，在我國(guó)古代多被用作喪葬玉器以及隨身配飾使用。最早被發(fā)現(xiàn)使用于新石器時(shí)代晚期，在兩漢時(shí)期達(dá)到鼎盛，時(shí)至今日仍有一些蟬形玉飾流傳于市面。目前已出土的玉蟬文物主要集中在兩漢墓葬，其他朝代尚不多見(jiàn)。本文主要以漢代玉蟬為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)分析文獻(xiàn)古籍以及對(duì)比出土實(shí)物對(duì)漢代玉蟬文化的發(fā)展傳承、地域特征以及漢代喪葬禮制進(jìn)行研究。 本次研究在充分查閱了大量前人文獻(xiàn)資料及相關(guān)出土玉蟬的漢代墓葬發(fā)掘報(bào)告的基礎(chǔ)上，，結(jié)合具體實(shí)物照片對(duì)漢代玉蟬文化進(jìn)行了深入地研究。首先通過(guò)闡述自新石器時(shí)代晚期開(kāi)始一直到明清階段各個(gè)時(shí)期玉蟬的材質(zhì)、形制、紋飾、琢工、用途等方面，探尋玉蟬的發(fā)展演變規(guī)律及導(dǎo)致這種演變的原因。其后單獨(dú)將兩漢時(shí)期的玉蟬按照形制分類，并按照西漢早期、西漢中后期、西漢晚期到新莽時(shí)期、東漢時(shí)期四個(gè)階段分別論述，每個(gè)階段選擇了具有代表性的不同地域出土的實(shí)物進(jìn)行比對(duì)，不僅總結(jié)出每個(gè)階段的玉蟬的特征，也對(duì)通過(guò)不同地域的玉蟬進(jìn)行比對(duì)，進(jìn)而總結(jié)出其地域特征及影響因素。再次通過(guò)對(duì)于“蟬”意本身的探討、含政治經(jīng)濟(jì)因素和思想文化信仰兩方面在內(nèi)的漢代歷史文化對(duì)其的影響、漢代喪葬制度對(duì)玉蟬文化的影響等三方面來(lái)論述其文化內(nèi)涵和傳承寓意。最后通過(guò)一些現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)作品及筆者本人的設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)論述漢代玉蟬文化對(duì)現(xiàn)代首飾設(shè)計(jì)在材質(zhì)、造型、工藝、用途、傳承寓意和文化內(nèi)涵等幾個(gè)方面的影響。 玉蟬文化的深入研究，可以使我們更加充分的了解到在漢代這一中國(guó)古代玉器發(fā)展的高峰階段玉蟬文化發(fā)展及演變的過(guò)程，進(jìn)而使得我們可以從一個(gè)獨(dú)特的視角對(duì)于漢代的玉文化有了更為深刻的認(rèn)知和理解。玉蟬文化作為盛行“厚葬之風(fēng)”的漢代喪葬文化的一個(gè)重要的組成部分，對(duì)其深入的研究也可以使我們對(duì)于漢代的喪葬制度甚至典儀制度及文化有進(jìn)一步的了解。
[Abstract]:Jade cicada is a cicada-shaped jade ornaments, used as funeral jade and accessories in ancient China. It was first found in the late Neolithic period, reached its peak in the Han Dynasty, and still has some cicada jade ornaments in the market. Currently unearthed jade cicada cultural relics mainly concentrated in the Han Dynasty tombs, other dynasties are rare. This article mainly takes the Han Dynasty jade cicada as the research object, through the analysis literature ancient book and the contrast unearthed material object to the Han Dynasty jade cicada culture development inheritance, the region characteristic as well as the Han Dynasty funeral ceremony system carries on the research. On the basis of referring to a large number of previous documents and related excavations of jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty, this study made an in-depth study on the culture of jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty in combination with concrete physical photographs. First of all, through the elaboration of the materials, shapes, ornaments, ornament, chisels and uses of the jade cicadas from the late Neolithic Age to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the development and evolution of the jade cicadas and the reasons leading to the evolution were explored. Then the jade cicadas in the Han Dynasty were classified according to their shapes, and discussed separately according to the four stages of the early Western Han Dynasty, the middle and late Western Han dynasties, the late Western Han Dynasty to the New Mang period, and the Eastern Han Dynasty period. In each stage, the objects unearthed from different representative regions were selected for comparison, which not only summed up the characteristics of the jade cicadas in each stage, but also compared the jade cicadas in different regions, and then summed up the regional characteristics and influencing factors of the cicadas. Again, through the discussion of the meaning of "cicada" itself, the historical and cultural influences of the Han Dynasty, including political and economic factors and ideological and cultural beliefs, The influence of funeral system on jade cicada culture in Han Dynasty is discussed in three aspects. Finally, through some modern design works and the author's own design to discuss the Han Dynasty jade cicada culture on the modern jewelry design in the material, modeling, technology, use, inheritance and cultural connotations and other aspects of the impact. The in-depth study of jade cicada culture can make us fully understand the process of the development and evolution of jade cicada culture in the Han Dynasty, the peak stage of the development of jade articles in ancient China. Therefore, we can have a more profound cognition and understanding of the jade culture in Han Dynasty from a unique perspective. The culture of jade cicada is an important part of the funeral culture of Han Dynasty, which is popular "the wind of thick burial". The deep research on it can also make us know more about the funeral system of Han Dynasty and even the system and culture of canonical ceremony.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K876.8;K234

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