本文選題：歐盟 + 共同外交與安全��； 參考：《外交學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：迄今為止,歐洲聯(lián)盟一體化程度最高,成就最為卓著。這種成就的取得,有其深刻的思想根基,得天獨厚的地緣政治條件,有利的歷史、政治、社會、文化發(fā)展基礎,也有促使其付諸實踐的國際環(huán)境。經(jīng)過多年的合作與實踐,以及科隆會議,赫爾辛基會議和尼斯會議的逐步推進,歐盟共同外交與安全政策終于正式取代歐洲政治合作機制而得以確立,并成為與歐共體事務和司法民政事務合作并行的三大支柱之一。本文通過對這一政策的運行機制以及機構(gòu)設置進行了簡述,并分析了其存在的問題。剛剛過去的2016年,可謂是充滿動蕩與不安的一年,在政治,經(jīng)濟,文化,軍事等各種因素相互交織之中,世界局勢變得愈發(fā)錯綜復雜。不僅如此,地區(qū)熱點事件頻出,世界整體局勢跌宕起伏。全球經(jīng)濟方面,歐洲主權(quán)債務危機的陰影還未曾消散,再加上世界經(jīng)濟進入下行階段,各國經(jīng)濟增長的壓力與日俱增。此外,飽受戰(zhàn)爭與貧窮之苦的中東與非洲難民大規(guī)模涌入歐盟境內(nèi),給歐盟的政治經(jīng)濟與社會都帶來巨大的沖擊。應該怎樣對待這些難民,是拒之門外還是開門迎接,各成員國意見不一,也因此造成了很多分歧;不僅如此,大量難民的去留問題以及歷史舊賬,使得歐盟多國遭受了一輪又一輪的恐怖襲擊。一時間,歐洲大地成為被恐怖氣氛團團籠罩的黑暗角落。以法國為例,查理周刊事件的傷痛尚未散去,連環(huán)爆炸襲擊又奪去了很多無辜民眾的生命。2015年以來,在短短2年的時間里,法國竟遭受了3次嚴重恐怖襲擊。面對如此猖獗的恐怖勢力,歐盟作為世界重要一極,不禁要為自身日后的安危早作打算,因而加強歐洲的共同防務與安全,就顯得尤為重要。然而在這一問題上,各成員國之間的分歧和對自身利益的捍衛(wèi)都是錙銖必較的,在危難關(guān)頭自掃門前雪的現(xiàn)象不勝枚舉,如何協(xié)調(diào)好各方利益,擺明事實利弊,是歐盟強化共同外交與安全政策所面臨的重要任務。
[Abstract]:To date, the European Union is the most integrated and the most successful. The achievement of this kind of achievement has its profound ideological foundation, unique geopolitical conditions, favorable historical, political, social and cultural development foundation, as well as the international environment which urges it to be put into practice. After many years of cooperation and practice, as well as the gradual advancement of the Cologne, Helsinki and Nice conferences, the common foreign and security policy of the European Union has finally been established to replace the European political cooperation mechanism. It has become one of the three pillars of cooperation with EC affairs and judicial civil affairs. In this paper, the operating mechanism and institutional setting of this policy are briefly described, and the existing problems are analyzed. The past year of 2016 has been a year of turmoil and unease, with political, economic, cultural, military and other factors intertwining, and the world situation has become more complex. Not only that, regional hot events frequently, the overall situation in the world ups and downs. On the global economic front, the shadow of Europe's sovereign debt crisis has not dissipated, and with the world economy entering a downturn, economic growth is under increasing pressure. In addition, the massive influx of refugees from the Middle East and Africa, suffering from war and poverty, into the EU has had a tremendous impact on the political, economic and social conditions of the EU. The disagreement among member States on how to treat these refugees, whether they should be rejected or met with the door open, has led to a lot of disagreement; not only that, but also the problem of whether a large number of refugees should be treated, as well as the historical situation. Many EU countries have been subjected to another round of terrorist attacks. For a moment, the land of Europe became a dark corner shrouded in terror. In France, for example, the wounds of Charlie Hebdo's incident have not gone away, and serial bombings have claimed the lives of many innocent people. In just two years since 2015, France has suffered three serious terrorist attacks. In the face of such rampant terrorist forces, as an important pole in the world, the EU cannot help but make plans for its future safety and security, so it is particularly important to strengthen the common defense and security of Europe. However, on this issue, the differences among member States and the defense of their own interests are all penniless, and the phenomenon of self-sweeping in times of crisis is endless. How to coordinate the interests of all parties and make clear the advantages and disadvantages of the facts, It is an important task for the EU to strengthen its common foreign and security policy.
【學位授予單位】：外交學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D85

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