本文選題：韓國(guó) + “薩德”系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：韓國(guó)選擇部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)作為面對(duì)朝鮮核危機(jī)的應(yīng)對(duì)戰(zhàn)略,已經(jīng)在全世界范圍內(nèi)引起關(guān)注。作為末段高空區(qū)域防御系統(tǒng),“薩德”系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)超出韓國(guó)的安全需要。東北亞地區(qū)的安全形勢(shì)在“薩德”系統(tǒng)引入下變得更加復(fù)雜。2014年以來(lái),美國(guó)不斷推動(dòng)韓國(guó)部署“薩德”系統(tǒng),韓國(guó)一直堅(jiān)持“未請(qǐng)求、未討論和未決定”三原則。但2016年朝鮮相繼完成了第四次與第五次核試驗(yàn),直接推動(dòng)韓國(guó)接受美國(guó)的請(qǐng)求,決定部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)。韓國(guó)在部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)方面面臨著多重挑戰(zhàn)。首先,基于美國(guó)特朗普總統(tǒng)提出的要韓國(guó)承擔(dān)10億美元的費(fèi)用以及日后的維修費(fèi)用,可能會(huì)給韓國(guó)的國(guó)防預(yù)算帶來(lái)重大壓力;其次,由于“薩德”系統(tǒng)覆蓋的范圍有限,其實(shí)踐效果還有待檢驗(yàn);第三,“薩德”系統(tǒng)也會(huì)因?yàn)檩椛鋰?yán)重破壞部署地點(diǎn)的工作生活環(huán)境,由此國(guó)內(nèi)民眾不斷涌現(xiàn)出反對(duì)部署“薩德”的浪潮;最后,“薩德”系統(tǒng)的雷達(dá)輻射范圍很廣,威脅到了中國(guó)和俄羅斯部分地區(qū)的安全利益,受到中國(guó)和俄羅斯的反對(duì)。韓國(guó)部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)不僅會(huì)造成朝鮮半島局勢(shì)更加緊張,也會(huì)對(duì)中韓、俄韓關(guān)系形成沖擊,從而對(duì)東北亞地區(qū)的力量均衡造成破壞。盡管面對(duì)多重壓力和消極影響,從實(shí)踐方面來(lái)看韓國(guó)依舊在不斷加快部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)的步伐。本文在建構(gòu)主義視角下來(lái)探究韓國(guó)部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)因。建構(gòu)主義是西方國(guó)際關(guān)系理論中的重要理論學(xué)派,于20世紀(jì)80年代中后期廣泛被應(yīng)用于解釋朝韓問(wèn)題。建構(gòu)主義的核心觀點(diǎn)是國(guó)家認(rèn)同決定國(guó)家身份,國(guó)家身份決定國(guó)家利益,最終國(guó)家利益決定國(guó)家行為。韓國(guó)部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)因是應(yīng)對(duì)朝鮮的核威脅,2016年朝鮮第四次核試驗(yàn)直接推動(dòng)韓國(guó)接受美國(guó)的“薩德”系統(tǒng);其次,迫于美國(guó)的壓力,受歷史因素的影響,冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期形成的軍事同盟關(guān)系影響至今;從韓國(guó)自身因素來(lái)講,韓國(guó)的身份構(gòu)建依附于美國(guó)來(lái)尋求自身發(fā)展,韓國(guó)作為美國(guó)軍事及后來(lái)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面堅(jiān)定的跟隨者,在政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)等多方面的發(fā)展依賴于美國(guó),對(duì)美國(guó)的意識(shí)形態(tài)、國(guó)家實(shí)力等存在較強(qiáng)的認(rèn)同,必然采取與美國(guó)身份和利益相符的行動(dòng)。本研究認(rèn)為韓國(guó)選擇部署“薩德”系統(tǒng)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)朝鮮的核威脅,不會(huì)從根本上保護(hù)韓國(guó)的國(guó)家安全,會(huì)給朝鮮半島局勢(shì)和東北亞地區(qū)添加不穩(wěn)定變量。而韓國(guó)要想從根本上維護(hù)本國(guó)的安全和利益,需要努力發(fā)展和提升彈道導(dǎo)彈防御能力,積極構(gòu)建朝鮮半島的和平機(jī)制,并加強(qiáng)建設(shè)東北亞地區(qū)國(guó)家的多邊關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:South Korea's choice to deploy THAAD as a response to North Korea's nuclear crisis has attracted worldwide attention. As a terminal high-altitude area defense system, THAAD has far exceeded South Korea's security needs. The security situation in Northeast Asia has become more complex with the introduction of the THAAD system. Since 2014, the United States has been pushing South Korea to deploy the THAAD system, and South Korea has insisted on the three principles of "no request, no discussion and no decision." But North Korea completed its fourth and fifth nuclear tests in 2016, directly pushing South Korea to accept the U.S. request to deploy the THAAD system. South Korea faces multiple challenges in deploying the THAAD system. First, based on President Trump's proposal to charge South Korea $1 billion in costs and future maintenance costs, it could put significant pressure on South Korea's defense budget; second, because of the limited coverage of the THAAD system, Its practical effect has yet to be tested; third, the THAAD system will also seriously damage the working and living environment of the deployment sites because of radiation, resulting in a continuous wave of opposition from the domestic population to the deployment of the THAAD; finally, The THAAD system has a wide range of radar radiation, threatening the security interests of parts of China and Russia and being opposed by China and Russia. South Korea's deployment of the THAAD system will not only increase tension on the Korean Peninsula, but also impact the relations between China, South Korea, Russia and South Korea, thus undermining the balance of power in Northeast Asia. Despite the pressures and negative effects, South Korea has been speeding up the deployment of the THAAD system in practice. From the perspective of constructivism, this paper explores the motivation of South Korea's deployment of THAAD system. Constructivism is an important theoretical school in western international relations theory. It was widely used to explain the inter-Korean problem in the middle and late 1980s. The core view of constructivism is that the national identity determines the national identity, the national identity determines the national interest, and the final national interest determines the state behavior. The motivation for South Korea's deployment of the "THAAD" system is to deal with the North's nuclear threat. The fourth nuclear test conducted by the DPRK in 2016 directly promoted South Korea's acceptance of the "THAAD" system of the United States. Secondly, under pressure from the United States, it was influenced by historical factors. The military alliance formed during the Cold War has influenced the present; from the point of view of South Korea's own factors, South Korea's identity construction depends on the United States to seek its own development. South Korea, as a firm follower of the United States' military and later political and economic aspects, The development of politics and economy depends on the United States, and there is a strong recognition of American ideology and national strength, so it is necessary to take actions consistent with the identity and interests of the United States. This study suggests that South Korea's choice to deploy THAAD system to deal with North Korea's nuclear threat will not fundamentally protect South Korea's national security, and will add instability variables to the situation on the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. If South Korea wants to fundamentally safeguard its security and interests, it needs to work hard to develop and enhance its ballistic missile defense capability, actively build a peaceful mechanism on the Korean Peninsula, and strengthen the multilateral relations of the countries in Northeast Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D831.26
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本文編號(hào)：1865023