發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-27 19:30

  本文選題：土地生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià) + 物元模型�。� 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：土地生態(tài)安全關(guān)系到一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)及國(guó)防等基本社會(huì)問(wèn)題,關(guān)乎到人們最基本的生存保障問(wèn)題,與地區(qū)土地的可持續(xù)利用緊密相關(guān)。現(xiàn)階段,一系列土地生態(tài)安全的問(wèn)題日驅(qū)凸顯,對(duì)土地生態(tài)安全問(wèn)題的研究具有必要性和緊迫性。烏魯木齊市是新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的首府,位于歐亞大陸的要地,由于干旱少雨,自然條件的地域性較差,加之一定程度上對(duì)土地資源過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)、粗放經(jīng)營(yíng)以及人們的土地資源保護(hù)意識(shí)相對(duì)薄弱等原因,直接致使地區(qū)土地植受到破壞,土壤的荒漠化、鹽堿化情況日益嚴(yán)重,生態(tài)環(huán)境安全受到威脅。本文借鑒相關(guān)的研究,選擇烏魯木齊市作為研究地區(qū),在對(duì)該市環(huán)境狀況以及土地利用狀態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇對(duì)地區(qū)土地生態(tài)安全有影響的指標(biāo),建立土地生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,應(yīng)用物元模型對(duì)烏魯木齊市2003—2012年的土地生態(tài)安全進(jìn)行分析和評(píng)價(jià),分析這十年中的土地生態(tài)安全變化規(guī)律,詳細(xì)闡釋產(chǎn)生動(dòng)態(tài)變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素,提出能提高該地區(qū)土地資源生態(tài)安全向健康、可持續(xù)方向發(fā)展的建議和政策。本文的研究結(jié)果和結(jié)論主要有以下幾點(diǎn):一是對(duì)烏魯木齊市2003—2012年間的土地利用動(dòng)態(tài)變化狀況進(jìn)行比較分析,單一的土地利用動(dòng)態(tài)度方面,烏魯木齊市加大對(duì)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)投入,建設(shè)用地量增速較快,交通運(yùn)輸用地增速第一,草地面積逐年減少,農(nóng)用地比重有所降低,應(yīng)持續(xù)優(yōu)化土地結(jié)構(gòu)。二是以土地生態(tài)安全影響因素分析為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)“自然—經(jīng)濟(jì)—社會(huì)”模型,選擇指標(biāo),建立物元模型。對(duì)單指標(biāo)分析,大部分指標(biāo)向著利于生態(tài)安全的方向發(fā)展,部分指標(biāo)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,起伏不大,個(gè)別指標(biāo)長(zhǎng)期處于“惡劣級(jí)”和“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)級(jí)”。三是綜合對(duì)比通過(guò)物元模型所獲得的烏魯木齊市十年來(lái)的土地生態(tài)安全綜合值,土地生態(tài)安全狀態(tài)整體呈上升趨勢(shì),仍未達(dá)到最佳狀態(tài),關(guān)聯(lián)度詳細(xì)值均位于(-1,0)之間,所顯示的狀態(tài)并不穩(wěn)定,2003—2007年烏魯木齊市土地生態(tài)安全處于“惡劣級(jí)”狀態(tài),2008年進(jìn)入“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)級(jí)”狀態(tài),2009—2010年到達(dá)“敏感級(jí)”狀態(tài),2011年開(kāi)始進(jìn)入“良好級(jí)”狀態(tài)。四是提出合理調(diào)整土地布局,推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,成立環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),開(kāi)展市民教育,完善法律程序等提高烏魯木齊市土地生態(tài)安全水平的對(duì)策和建議。
[Abstract]:The land ecological security is related to the basic social problems such as politics, economy and national defense of a country or region, the most basic survival guarantee problem of people, and the sustainable use of regional land. At present, a series of problems of land ecological security are highlighted day by day, so it is necessary and urgent to study land ecological security. Urumqi is the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region and is located in the important area of Eurasia. Due to drought and little rain, the natural conditions are poor in the region, and to a certain extent the land resources are over-exploited. Extensive management and relatively weak awareness of land resources protection directly lead to the destruction of land planting, desertification of soil, salinization and threats to ecological environment security. Based on the analysis of the environment and land use status of Urumqi city, the paper chooses the indexes which have influence on the land ecological security of Urumqi city, based on the analysis of the environment and the land use status of Urumqi city, based on the analysis of the environment and land use status of Urumqi city. The evaluation index system of land ecological security was established, and the land ecological security of Urumqi city from 2003 to 2012 was analyzed and evaluated by using matter-element model, and the change law of land ecological security in the past decade was analyzed. The driving factors of dynamic change are explained in detail, and some suggestions and policies are put forward to improve the ecological security of land resources in this area in the direction of health and sustainability. The main results and conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the dynamic changes of land use in Urumqi from 2003 to 2012 are compared and analyzed. Urumqi has increased investment in urban infrastructure construction, and the construction land use is increasing rapidly. The traffic and transportation land growth rate is the first, the grassland area is decreasing year by year, and the proportion of agricultural land is decreasing, so the land structure should be continuously optimized. Secondly, based on the analysis of the influencing factors of land ecological security, the matter-element model is established according to the "natural-economic-social" model. For the analysis of single index, most of the indexes develop in favor of ecological security, some of them are relatively stable and have little fluctuation, and some indexes are in "bad grade" and "risk level" for a long time. Third, the comprehensive comparison of the comprehensive values of land ecological security in Urumqi over the past ten years obtained by the matter-element model shows that the overall land ecological security status is on the rise, and it is still not in the best condition, and the detailed values of the correlation degree are all located in the range of -1-0). From 2003 to 2007, the land ecological security in Urumqi was in a "bad" state. In 2008, the state of "risk level" reached the state of "sensitive level" in 2009-2010, and the state of "good level" began to enter in 2011. Fourth, put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the land ecological security level of Urumqi, such as rationally adjusting the land layout, promoting the optimization of the industrial structure, setting up the environmental monitoring system, carrying out citizen education and perfecting the legal procedure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F301.2;X826

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