本文選題：新時期 + 文學(xué)批評�。� 參考：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：人性話語從復(fù)蘇走向高漲，是新時期以來文學(xué)批評的鮮明特色之一，也是其繁榮與發(fā)展的動因。文學(xué)批評中的人性話語走向高漲，與新時期以來我國的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化的發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。本文對新時期以來以人性描寫為價值取向的文學(xué)批評進行研究、闡發(fā)和總結(jié)，以期有利于當(dāng)代文學(xué)批評的研究和創(chuàng)作實踐的發(fā)展。 文章的主要內(nèi)容分為以下幾個部分： 第一章：分析了人性話語在新時期文學(xué)批評中的復(fù)蘇與高漲。文學(xué)批評在新時期恢復(fù)人性話語權(quán)，顯示出熱烈的氛圍并呈現(xiàn)高漲之勢。批評的這種狀態(tài)是由三方面因素促成的：一是“撥亂反正”運動以及第四屆全代會的召開為文學(xué)的自由發(fā)展開辟了道路；二是西方現(xiàn)代人學(xué)觀念為新時期文學(xué)批評人性話語帶來新的思想資源；三是以人性為主題的文學(xué)作品大量涌現(xiàn)，為批評中的人性話語提供了品評的資源。 第二章：新時期文學(xué)批評從不同角度審視文學(xué)的人性描寫，表現(xiàn)出鮮明的價值取向。本章對批評人性價值觀的具體表現(xiàn)予以研究。一是肯定文學(xué)揭示人性的異化。“傷痕”、“反思”對“文革”造成人的異化進行了深刻的揭露，上世紀90年代轉(zhuǎn)型期社會對人的人格造成了異化。文學(xué)批評立足于中國的社會歷史現(xiàn)狀對這些描寫做出理論發(fā)言。二是肯定文學(xué)對人性深廣度的刻畫。新時期的文學(xué)對人性的描寫不止于真善美、假惡丑的刻畫，，還向人性的暴虐、殘忍等心理進行描摹。文學(xué)批評對這一現(xiàn)象作社會、歷史分析。三是否定文學(xué)對人性描寫的抽象化。表現(xiàn)在對人性描寫脫離歷史現(xiàn)實的批判以及單純表現(xiàn)性、欲等人性自然性的批判。 第三章：新時期，以人性描寫為價值取向的文學(xué)批評的產(chǎn)生有著豐富的思想資源。本章對文學(xué)批評中人性價值取向的思想資源進行歸納、總結(jié)。一是新時期的文學(xué)批評接續(xù)了“五四”時期倡導(dǎo)的“人的文學(xué)”思想并從多角度審視文學(xué)中的人性描寫。二是五六十年代巴人、錢谷融等的人性思想是文學(xué)批評人性價值觀重要的思想資源。三是馬克思主義文學(xué)理論中的人學(xué)思想是新時期文學(xué)批評人性價值觀的主要依據(jù)。 第四章：主要論述了新時期以來文學(xué)批評人性價值觀的意義。其意義主要表現(xiàn)在對人性觀念的影響和對文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的影響兩個方面。新時期以來，文學(xué)批評拓展與深化人性觀并對文學(xué)創(chuàng)作給予了積極的關(guān)注，為創(chuàng)作指明了前進的方向。
[Abstract]:It is one of the distinctive features of literary criticism in the new period that the discourse of human nature moves from recovery to upsurge, and it is also the cause of its prosperity and development.The rise of human discourse in literary criticism is closely related to the development of politics, economy and culture in China since the new period.This paper studies, explains and summarizes the literary criticism with the description of human nature as its value orientation since the new period, in the hope that it will be beneficial to the development of the research and creative practice of contemporary literary criticism.The main content of the article is divided into the following parts:The first chapter analyzes the revival and upsurge of human nature discourse in the new period of literary criticism.Literary criticism in the new period to restore the right to speak of human nature, showing a warm atmosphere and showing a rising trend.This state of criticism is promoted by three factors: first, the movement of "setting things right" and the convening of the fourth whole Generation Conference opened the way for the free development of literature;The second is that the western modern ideas bring new thought resources to the literary criticism of human nature in the new period, and the third is the emergence of a large number of literary works with the theme of human nature, which provides the resources for the evaluation of the human nature discourse in the criticism.Chapter two: literary criticism in the new period examines the description of human nature from different angles and shows a distinct value orientation.This chapter studies the concrete performance of criticizing human values.First, positive literature reveals the alienation of human nature."scar" and "introspection" have deeply exposed the alienation caused by the Cultural Revolution, and the social transformation in the 1990s has caused alienation to human personality.Literary criticism is based on the social and historical situation of China.Second, affirmation literature depicts the depth and breadth of human nature.The description of human nature in the literature of the new period is not only true, good and beautiful, false evil and ugly, but also depicts the tyranny and cruelty of human nature.Literary criticism makes a social and historical analysis of this phenomenon.The third is to negate the abstract of the description of human nature in literature.It is manifested in the criticism of the description of human nature from the historical reality, and the criticism of the nature of human nature, such as pure expressiveness and desire.Chapter three: in the new period, literary criticism with the description of human nature as its value orientation has abundant ideological resources.This chapter summarizes the ideological resources of the value orientation of human nature in literary criticism.First, the literary criticism of the new period followed the thought of "human literature" advocated during the May 4th Movement and examined the description of human nature in literature from various angles.Second, the thought of human nature of Ba people and Qian Gurong in 1950's and 1960's is an important ideological resource for literary criticism of human values.Third, the humanistic thought in Marxist literary theory is the main basis for literary criticism of human values in the new period.Chapter IV: mainly discusses the significance of literary criticism of human values since the new period.Its significance is mainly manifested in two aspects: the influence on the concept of human nature and the influence on literary creation.Since the new period, literary criticism has expanded and deepened the concept of human nature and paid active attention to literary creation, pointing out the way forward for creation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I206.7

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