本文選題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全　切入點(diǎn)：網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),各國(guó)為爭(zhēng)奪網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間主導(dǎo)權(quán)與話(huà)語(yǔ)權(quán),以便未來(lái)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)中搶占先機(jī),都紛紛加強(qiáng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的研究。美國(guó)作為世界第一大信息產(chǎn)業(yè)國(guó)和信息技術(shù)起源國(guó),擁有明顯的戰(zhàn)略資源優(yōu)勢(shì),在國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全版圖中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)權(quán)。美國(guó)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)歷多次演變,從克林頓政府時(shí)期的強(qiáng)調(diào)“適度信息安全,深度防御戰(zhàn)略”,到布什政府注重“安全優(yōu)先,先發(fā)制人”,再到奧巴馬政府的“集體安全,綜合威懾”,其演變過(guò)程呈現(xiàn)“防守”轉(zhuǎn)向“進(jìn)攻”的趨勢(shì)。美國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略的演變對(duì)中美關(guān)系具有重要影響,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全領(lǐng)域,兩國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易、意識(shí)形態(tài)和軍事方面存在戰(zhàn)略互疑,成為中美關(guān)系發(fā)展的阻礙,嚴(yán)重影響雙方安全認(rèn)知。為此,本文試圖解答以下問(wèn)題：網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的威脅來(lái)源是什么?網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相比,有什么特性?美國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略的演進(jìn)歷程及其趨勢(shì)是什么?如何緩解中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全困境,構(gòu)建中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略互信?論文第一章認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)病毒、黑客攻擊、網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪和網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義是網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全威脅的重要來(lái)源。與傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相比,網(wǎng)絡(luò)威脅具有自身的特性：非對(duì)稱(chēng)性、尋址難、破壞范圍廣。非對(duì)稱(chēng)性表現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間沖突雙方行為體的防御和攻擊方面,任一行為體都可能具備足夠攻擊能量,向信息大國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊,并造成嚴(yán)重破壞。網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間具有天生的易攻難守特性,攻擊者處于優(yōu)勢(shì)地位而防御者位于劣勢(shì)；尋址難指的是網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊的隱蔽性和匿名性,很難鑒定網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊來(lái)源和攻擊意圖,即便查找到攻擊源,也會(huì)因主權(quán)國(guó)界的存在難以跨界取證,難以斷定真正的幕后組織者；破壞范圍廣是指計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有互聯(lián)互通性,一個(gè)地區(qū)的計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)遭受攻擊,極易傳播至其他計(jì)算機(jī),甚至?xí)又寥珖?guó)范圍內(nèi)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)。論文第二章分析了美國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略背景與緣起,指出美國(guó)對(duì)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)高度依賴(lài)性,這種依賴(lài)衍生而來(lái)的脆弱性和敏感性是促成美國(guó)政府制定網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全戰(zhàn)略的背景。美國(guó)已經(jīng)將網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全看成是其國(guó)家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所面臨最嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn)之一。經(jīng)濟(jì)方面,美國(guó)每年因網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問(wèn)題損失高達(dá)數(shù)百億美元。網(wǎng)絡(luò)黑客利用銀行、金融系統(tǒng)漏洞,竊取客戶(hù)數(shù)據(jù)資料。軍事方面,美軍在中東的軍事基地信息系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)遭到入侵。論文接著介紹了美國(guó)歷屆政府國(guó)家網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略�？肆诸D政府側(cè)重對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的保護(hù),采用多層次、縱深的深度防御戰(zhàn)略,在加強(qiáng)信息安全的同時(shí),側(cè)重推進(jìn)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和資源的優(yōu)化配置。布什政府時(shí)期,再次強(qiáng)化對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的防護(hù),從發(fā)展優(yōu)先轉(zhuǎn)向安全優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略,采取“先發(fā)制人”策略,加大網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義打擊。奧巴馬執(zhí)政后,重申了信息技術(shù)是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮、科學(xué)研究、軍事技術(shù)、透明政府和自由社會(huì)的保障,在信息安全領(lǐng)域采取網(wǎng)絡(luò)威懾戰(zhàn)略,主動(dòng)出擊,方案更具明顯攻擊性。美國(guó)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全戰(zhàn)略演進(jìn)趨勢(shì)由原有的以防御為主的保守戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)為更為激進(jìn)的進(jìn)攻戰(zhàn)略。論文第三部分描述了中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全關(guān)系方面的現(xiàn)狀,指出兩國(guó)存在戰(zhàn)略互疑和不信任感,雙方網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全沖突不僅僅是技術(shù)問(wèn)題,而是更為深刻的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治議題,網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全爭(zhēng)端已經(jīng)波及到雙邊經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易、人權(quán)外交等領(lǐng)域。本章接下來(lái)重點(diǎn)分析了如何緩解中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全困境,構(gòu)建中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理。首先是需要在合作共贏的新型大國(guó)關(guān)系框架內(nèi)協(xié)調(diào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全合作模式,共同應(yīng)對(duì)全球性的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全調(diào)整,中美在網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全領(lǐng)域的復(fù)合相互依賴(lài)態(tài)勢(shì)符合兩國(guó)的共同利益。其次,構(gòu)建中美兩國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理的兩個(gè)重要方面在于,既需要通過(guò)協(xié)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為規(guī)則,最大限度地締造大國(guó)間的和諧關(guān)系,又必須通過(guò)大國(guó)履行共同國(guó)際責(zé)任,最大限度地化解國(guó)際沖突與危機(jī)。第三,建立中美網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間戰(zhàn)略互信,必須要構(gòu)建共同利益,摒棄零和思維,尊重雙方的政治制度和價(jià)值觀,摒棄冷戰(zhàn)思維。不能以犧牲對(duì)方利益為代價(jià)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)自我利益,應(yīng)客觀的看待對(duì)方政治經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所取得的成就,尊重雙方不同的發(fā)展道路,共同維護(hù)國(guó)際社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間安全。
[Abstract]:In recent years, countries compete for dominance in cyberspace and the right to speak, so in the future in the network space in the battlefield to seize the initiative, have to strengthen the research on network security. The United States as the world's largest information industry and information technology in the country of origin, has the advantages of obvious strategic resources, the dominant power in the international network security domain. Cyberspace Security Strategy of the United States experienced several evolution, from the Clinton administration's emphasis on "appropriate information security defense in depth strategy", the Bush administration to focus on "safety first, pre emptive" to the Obama administration's "collective security, comprehensive deterrence", its evolution process showed "defense" to "attack" trend the evolution of network security strategy. The United States has an important impact on Sino US relations, in the field of network security, the two countries in economic and trade, ideology and military aspects of the existence of strategic interaction The suspect, become obstacles to the development of Sino US relations, seriously affecting their safety awareness. Therefore, this paper tries to answer the following questions: what is the network security threat source network security? Compared with traditional security threats, what are the characteristics? What is the evolution and trend of American security strategy? How to ease Sino US network security dilemma, construction of Sino US network security strategy trust? The first chapter of this thesis that computer viruses, hacker attacks, cyber crime and cyber terrorism is an important source of network security threats. Compared with the traditional security threats, cyber threats has its own characteristics: non symmetry, addressing difficult, destruction of a wide range. The asymmetry in both network space conflict behavior the defense and attack, any behavior may have enough energy to attack, to attack the information power, and cause serious damage. Cyberspace inherently easy to attack and hard to defend, the attacker is in a dominant position and defense in addressing weaknesses; difficult to refer to the confidentiality and anonymity of network attacks, it is difficult to identify the source of network attacks and attack intention, even to find the source of the attack, but also because of the existence of sovereign borders to cross-border evidence, it is difficult to judge really behind the organizers; wide range damage refers to the computer network interconnection, a regional computer network attack, easily spread to other computers, and even spread to the country within the scope of the computer system. The second chapter analyzes the background of American network security strategy and the origin, pointed out that the United States highly dependent on information network this dependence, derived fragility and sensitivity to the U.S. government is to facilitate network space security strategy background. The United States has as its network security One of the most serious challenges facing the national security and economic development. The economy, the United States each year due to loss of network security problem of tens of billions of dollars. Hackers use bank financial system vulnerabilities to steal customer data. The military, the U.S. military base in the middle of the information system has been hacked. Then the thesis introduces the previous U.S. the national cyber security strategy. The Clinton administration focused on protection of key network infrastructure, multi-level, deep depth defense strategy, to strengthen information security at the same time, focus on optimizing the allocation of resources and promote the development of information industry. The Bush administration, once again strengthen the protection to the network critical infrastructure, from the development priority to safety priority strategy, take the "preemptive strike" strategy, increase the network to combat terrorism. The Obama administration, reiterated that the information technology is the United States Economic prosperity, scientific research, military technology, transparent government and free social security in the field of information security, take the network deterrence strategy, take the initiative to plan more obvious aggression. War network security strategy evolution conservative trend in the United States dominated by the defense to slightly more aggressive offensive strategy in the third. Describes the current situation of Sino US network security relations, pointed out that the two countries have strategic mutual trust and distrust, the two sides conflict of network security is not just technical problems, but more profound economic and political issues, the network security dispute has spread to the bilateral economic and trade, human rights diplomacy and other fields. This chapter focuses on the analysis of how to ease the network security dilemma, construction of Sino US network security management. The first is the need of new power relations in the framework of cooperation and win-win coordination in network security cooperation mode, Co With the response to the adjustment of the global network security, Sino US common interests in the field of network security complex interdependence situation of both countries. Secondly, two important aspects of the construction of Sino US network security management is not only need to negotiate the network behavior rules, maximize and create harmonious relations between powers, and the country must fulfill the common international to maximize the responsibility, to resolve international conflicts and crisis. Third, the establishment of Sino US network space must build strategic mutual trust, common interests, abandon the zero sum thinking, with respect to both political system and values, abandon the Cold War mentality. Not for the price to achieve self interests at the expense of the interests of the other party, should objectively view each other in political and economic development the achievements with respect to both the different development path, jointly safeguard the social stability and security in cyberspace.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP393.08;D822.371.2

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張麗;;經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌研究的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)視角[J];當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2010年09期

2 王學(xué)軍;;西方國(guó)際關(guān)系理論范式下的國(guó)家安全研究[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2007年09期

3 柳思思;;從規(guī)范進(jìn)化到規(guī)范退化[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2010年03期

4 林民旺;朱立群;;國(guó)際規(guī)范的國(guó)內(nèi)化:國(guó)內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響及傳播機(jī)制[J];當(dāng)代亞太;2011年01期

5 李海龍;;一個(gè)綜合視角下的國(guó)際制度化動(dòng)力分析[J];東南亞縱橫;2010年01期

6 李洋;;國(guó)際機(jī)制理論視角下的CAFTA建設(shè)[J];東南亞南亞研究;2012年01期

7 劉美武;;理性主義與國(guó)家安全[J];福建論壇(社科教育版);2011年10期

8 崔雨川;;新自由主義和新現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的國(guó)際合作觀[J];法制與經(jīng)濟(jì)(中旬刊);2011年08期

9 趙鵬;;戰(zhàn)后美韓關(guān)系演變的理論分析[J];法制與社會(huì);2007年02期

10 秦治來(lái);;試論傳統(tǒng)建構(gòu)主義在國(guó)際政治學(xué)中的異軍突起[J];國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2006年04期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 徐婷;全球氣候治理中的非正式國(guó)際機(jī)制研究[D];上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué);2010年

2 張瑾;主權(quán)財(cái)富基金國(guó)際監(jiān)管制度法制化研究[D];上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué);2010年

3 郭秋梅;全球治理視角下的國(guó)際遷移組織（IOM）研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2011年

4 麻陸東;東亞地區(qū)主義發(fā)展路徑：過(guò)程中的政府間合作[D];華中師范大學(xué);2011年

5 柳思思;歷史實(shí)踐與規(guī)范生成[D];外交學(xué)院;2011年

6 王金強(qiáng);國(guó)際海底資源分配與美國(guó)的政策選擇[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2011年

7 高鵬;朝鮮半島分裂的進(jìn)程研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2011年

8 李寶林;信任與遵守：《不擴(kuò)散核武器條約》無(wú)核締約國(guó)的核政策研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2011年

9 花勇;馬克思主義國(guó)際政治社會(huì)學(xué)思想研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2012年

10 李昕;國(guó)際組織中的制度變化和制度適應(yīng)能力[D];上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：1588006