本文選題：臺(tái)灣地區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：民主化　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：上世紀(jì)70年代末，臺(tái)灣地區(qū)國(guó)民黨一黨獨(dú)裁的體制開(kāi)始解凍，進(jìn)入80年代，臺(tái)灣地區(qū)開(kāi)啟了民主化政治改革。相對(duì)于國(guó)民黨的一黨獨(dú)裁，民主化推進(jìn)了臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的政治文明發(fā)展。然而，，主要模仿美國(guó)模式的臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的民主化，也日漸暴露出其“民主”的另一面。研究臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的民主化問(wèn)題，有助于深化對(duì)西方民主的批判性認(rèn)識(shí)。本文關(guān)于臺(tái)灣地區(qū)民主化的研究包括三大部分。 第一部分，闡述了臺(tái)灣地區(qū)民主化的背景和過(guò)程。上世紀(jì)60年代起臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)始起飛，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致社會(huì)階層的變遷，黨外勢(shì)力和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)強(qiáng)烈渴望參與政治，反對(duì)國(guó)民黨的專制統(tǒng)治。世界格局的變動(dòng)，中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)力的顯著提升和在外交上的勝利，迫使國(guó)民黨當(dāng)局承受著來(lái)自大陸和美國(guó)的雙向壓力，“政權(quán)”合法性嚴(yán)重受損。政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)等各方面的綜合影響推動(dòng)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)開(kāi)啟了民主化改革。 第二部分，分析了臺(tái)灣地區(qū)民主化存在的主要問(wèn)題。臺(tái)灣地區(qū)長(zhǎng)期存在的族群矛盾不僅沒(méi)有在民主化過(guò)程中得到妥善解決，反而愈演愈烈，成為“臺(tái)獨(dú)”勢(shì)力反對(duì)“一個(gè)中國(guó)”，撕裂國(guó)家認(rèn)同的工具。整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)于選舉的狂熱使臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的民主化有被民粹主義綁架的危險(xiǎn)，政客們?yōu)榱诉x票不惜與利益集團(tuán)甚至黑道勢(shì)力勾結(jié)，“黑金”政治、賄選與地方派系相互交織。 第三部分，對(duì)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)民主化的另一面進(jìn)行了反思。臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的民主化過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)選舉的形式，陷入了“選舉主義”的困境。在西方資本主義土壤中形成的“美式民主”在臺(tái)灣地區(qū)“水土不服”，經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退、社會(huì)對(duì)立、政治腐敗等問(wèn)題使得臺(tái)灣地區(qū)的民主發(fā)展嚴(yán)重扭曲變形。臺(tái)灣地區(qū)民主化出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題也從另一個(gè)角度表明，中國(guó)大陸走社會(huì)主義民主政治發(fā)展之路是具有歷史必然性和現(xiàn)實(shí)合理性的。
[Abstract]:At the end of -30s, the KMT one-party dictatorship in Taiwan began to thaw. In 80s, the Taiwan region began democratic political reform. Compared with the KMT one-party dictatorship, Democratization has promoted the development of political civilization in Taiwan. However, the democratization of Taiwan, which mainly mimics the US model, is also gradually exposing another aspect of its "democracy." to study the issue of democratization in Taiwan, It is helpful to deepen the critical understanding of western democracy. The first part expounds the background and process of democratization in Taiwan. Since -40s, Taiwan's economy has taken off. Economic development has led to social class changes, and the non-Party forces and the middle class are eager to participate in politics. Against the authoritarian rule of the Kuomintang, the change in the world pattern, the remarkable increase in the national strength of the people's Republic of China and its diplomatic victory, Forcing the Kuomintang authorities to bear the two-way pressure from the mainland and the United States, the legitimacy of the "regime" is seriously damaged. The second part analyzes the main problems existing in democratization in Taiwan. The long-standing ethnic conflicts in Taiwan have not been properly resolved in the process of democratization, but have become more and more serious. It has become a tool for "Taiwan independence" forces to oppose "one China" and tear apart national identity. The entire society's enthusiasm for elections has put the democratization of the Taiwan region at risk of being kidnapped by populism. Politicians collude with interest groups and even mafia for votes, black gold politics, bribery and local factions. The third part reflects on the other side of democratization in the Taiwan region. Democratization in the Taiwan region places too much emphasis on the form of election. "American-style democracy" formed in the soil of western capitalism has become "unreceptive" in Taiwan, with an economic recession and social antagonism. Political corruption and other issues have seriously distorted the development of democracy in Taiwan. The problems of democratization in Taiwan also show from another angle. It is historical inevitability and realistic rationality for mainland China to take the road of socialist democratic politics development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D675.8

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