本文選題：黃宗羲　切入點(diǎn)：陽(yáng)明心學(xué)　出處：《河北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：陽(yáng)明心學(xué)在儒家思想，甚至是整個(gè)中國(guó)哲學(xué)體系占有重要的地位。以心即理為理論核心，用誠(chéng)意與致良知之教完善構(gòu)架。在王陽(yáng)明的不屑努力下取代了程朱理學(xué)的官方哲學(xué)地位。陽(yáng)明后學(xué)分為兩派，并按照各自的觀點(diǎn)不斷推動(dòng)著心學(xué)的進(jìn)步。明末清初是社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩的時(shí)期，，此時(shí)的心學(xué)將進(jìn)入由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰的歷史變革。思想家們從對(duì)社會(huì)的反思出發(fā)，重新審視陽(yáng)明心學(xué)。黃宗羲正是這一時(shí)期代表人物，他被世人稱(chēng)其為“梨洲先生”。從發(fā)兵起義，到入清拒仕，最后潛心治學(xué)。一生地跌宕起伏的經(jīng)歷造就了這最后一位儒者。他著述頗豐，從哲學(xué)到政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科學(xué)均有涉獵。其代表作《明儒學(xué)案》以學(xué)派之別分綜理析的獨(dú)特手法，更是開(kāi)創(chuàng)了我國(guó)哲學(xué)史的新紀(jì)元。 人稱(chēng)“王學(xué)”殿軍的黃宗羲秉承其師劉宗周衣缽，對(duì)陽(yáng)明心學(xué)進(jìn)行了繼承與發(fā)展。由理氣、心性的基礎(chǔ)出發(fā)提出了“心無(wú)本體，工夫所至即其本體”的最終觀點(diǎn)。他的心學(xué)工夫論有效的修正了王學(xué)后學(xué)逐漸走向空寂的虛無(wú)主義道路，從而使心學(xué)適應(yīng)了時(shí)代的變遷。 本論文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排為： 引論由黃宗羲生平出發(fā)，借學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)黃宗羲心學(xué)理論的研究現(xiàn)狀展開(kāi)，闡明研究的意義，并由此進(jìn)行論文的論述。第一章追溯陽(yáng)明心學(xué)及其后學(xué)的主要內(nèi)容，理清心學(xué)發(fā)展軌跡，從心學(xué)的發(fā)展之路摸索黃宗羲所繼承的陽(yáng)明心學(xué)根源。第二章闡釋黃宗羲對(duì)于陽(yáng)明心學(xué)及其后學(xué)的主要態(tài)度與觀點(diǎn)。第三章論述黃宗羲的哲學(xué)基本內(nèi)容，包括理氣觀，心性觀，及最終的工夫本體論，從其中分析他的理論之根。第四章論述黃宗羲對(duì)陽(yáng)明學(xué)的發(fā)展，這種發(fā)展包括對(duì)于陽(yáng)明學(xué)及其后學(xué)的修正，以及用陽(yáng)明心學(xué)包容實(shí)學(xué)的意義所在。最后結(jié)語(yǔ)部分，筆者闡釋了黃宗羲以其獨(dú)到的陽(yáng)明心學(xué)理念致力于經(jīng)世哲學(xué)以及民主思想。這是當(dāng)時(shí)的哲學(xué)之路的大勢(shì)所趨，亦是社會(huì)思潮的大勢(shì)所趨。
[Abstract]:Yangming philosophy plays an important role in Confucianism and even the whole Chinese philosophy system. The framework was perfected with sincerity and conscience education. The official philosophical status of Neo-Confucianism was replaced by Wang Yangming's disdainful efforts. Yangming's later learning was divided into two schools. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the period of social unrest, the psychology of this time will enter from prosperity to decline of the historical change. Thinkers from the reflection of society, Reexamine Yangming's psychology. Huang Zongxi was a representative of this period. He was called "Mr. Li Zhou" by the world. From the military uprising to the refusal to serve in the Qing Dynasty, The ups and downs of his life led to the last Confucianist. He wrote a great deal, from philosophy to politics, economics, culture, The representative works of "the case of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty" is a unique way to separate and analyze the schools of thought, which opens a new era in the history of Chinese philosophy. Huang Zongxi, who is known as the "Wang Xuejun", inherited and developed Yangming's psychology from his division Liu Zongzhou. On the basis of regulating Qi and mind, Huang Zongxi put forward "the mind has no Noumenon." His theory of heart-work effectively corrects Wang Xue's late learning to the emptiness of nihilism and makes it adapt to the changes of the times. The structure of this thesis is as follows:. The introduction starts from Huang Zongxi's life, through the academic circles to start with the research present situation of Huang Zongxi's theory of psychology, clarifies the significance of the research, and carries on the discussion of the thesis. Chapter one traces the main contents of Yangming's psychology and its later study. In the second chapter, we explain the main attitude and views on Yu Yangming's psychology and its postschool. Chapter three discusses the basic content of the philosophy of Huang Zongxi. Including the view of reason and qi, the view of mind and nature, and the ultimate theory of time ontology, from which to analyze the root of his theory. Chapter 4th discusses Huang Zongxi's development of the study of Yangming, which includes the revision of Yu Yangming's study and its post-study. Finally, in the conclusion part, the author explains that Huang Zongxi devoted himself to the philosophy of the world and democracy with his unique philosophy of Yangmingxin. This is the general trend of philosophy at that time. Also is the general trend of social trend of thought.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B249.3

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