本文關(guān)鍵詞： 越南 政府作用 改革開(kāi)放 對(duì)外貿(mào)易 外國(guó)直接投資　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：作為世界上為數(shù)不多的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家之一的越南,與我國(guó)有著相似的發(fā)展模式和共同目標(biāo)。從50年代實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立及南北統(tǒng)一后,越南在越南共產(chǎn)黨的帶領(lǐng)下,開(kāi)始了一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和改革開(kāi)放。經(jīng)過(guò)20多年的曲折發(fā)展和磨難,越南最終一躍而起成為東南亞經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要驅(qū)動(dòng)力。研究越南經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和改革政策的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),對(duì)于中國(guó)完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,其政府角色作用經(jīng)驗(yàn)也一定程度值得我國(guó)的研究與借鑒。另外,從對(duì)外關(guān)系視角著手,分析越南政府在對(duì)外貿(mào)易和外國(guó)直接投資兩大拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域的政策及其效果,也有助于進(jìn)一步理解越南經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的內(nèi)涵和根本動(dòng)力。本文以政府干預(yù)和主導(dǎo)理論為基礎(chǔ),以越南獨(dú)立統(tǒng)一為時(shí)間軸,闡述和總結(jié)了近三十年來(lái)越南改革開(kāi)放與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的成果。通過(guò)研究,本文認(rèn)為,越南在越南共產(chǎn)黨的正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了國(guó)內(nèi)、對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)的雙飛躍：在國(guó)內(nèi)越南經(jīng)歷了三大改革階段,即起步探索的第一階段(1976-1986)、全面展開(kāi)的第二階段(1986-1996)和逐漸深化的第三階段(1996-2006),最終不僅成功建立了公正有序的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,而且充分發(fā)揮了非國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)體的積極作用；在對(duì)外關(guān)系上越南政府主要以構(gòu)建制度體系、為貿(mào)易和投資提供優(yōu)良環(huán)境為主導(dǎo)思想,致力于優(yōu)惠政策的制定、行政手續(xù)的簡(jiǎn)化與多邊關(guān)系的建立。在貿(mào)易方面,政府通過(guò)降低關(guān)稅、建立雙邊或多邊貿(mào)易機(jī)制、出臺(tái)相關(guān)法律規(guī)定以及制定長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略等行為促進(jìn)了越南的進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易。在吸收外國(guó)直接投資方面,政府以制定積極外商投資政策法律,開(kāi)發(fā)投資領(lǐng)域、多元化投資方式等來(lái)增加外國(guó)對(duì)越南的投入,經(jīng)歷了從1987-1996的初步創(chuàng)立、1998-2003的深化修訂到2006以來(lái)的綜合完善三大階段,將越南打造成具有吸引力的世界投資熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)之一。最后,就越南與中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展改革過(guò)程中的異同做簡(jiǎn)單比較分析。本文認(rèn)為越南政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)改革發(fā)展過(guò)程中扮演了主導(dǎo)角色,但其政府作用處于一個(gè)不斷變化的過(guò)程,河內(nèi)對(duì)于自身與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系做了深刻的思考,并逐漸根據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況調(diào)整政府角色。越南發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)告訴我們政府對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的干預(yù)需要保持一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)某叨?與此同時(shí),政府必須根據(jù)其國(guó)家發(fā)展?fàn)顩r以及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)目標(biāo)來(lái)調(diào)整和發(fā)揮其政府經(jīng)濟(jì)作用�？偠灾�,政府與市場(chǎng)的平衡關(guān)系總是隨著歷史背景和發(fā)展環(huán)境的變化而變化。
[Abstract]:As one of the few socialist countries in the world, Vietnam has similar development model and common goal with our country. Since 50s, after realizing independence and unification of north and south, Vietnam has been under the leadership of the Vietnamese Communist Party. Began a series of economic development and reform and opening up, after more than 20 years of tortuous development and suffering. Vietnam has finally become an important driving force for economic growth in Southeast Asia. It is of practical significance for China to improve the socialist market economy by studying the experience and lessons of Vietnam's economic development and reform policies. The experience of the role of government is also worthy of our country's research and reference to a certain extent. In addition, from the perspective of external relations. This paper analyzes the policies and effects of the Vietnamese government in the fields of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). It is also helpful to further understand the connotation and fundamental motive force of Vietnam's economic development. This paper is based on the theory of government intervention and leading, and takes the independent unification of Vietnam as the time axis. This paper expounds and summarizes the achievements of Vietnam's reform and opening up and economic development in the past 30 years. Through the research, this paper holds that Vietnam has realized the domestic situation under the correct leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Two leaps in foreign economy: Vietnam experienced three major stages of reform in China, namely, the first stage of initial exploration (1976-1986). The second stage (1986-1996) and the third stage (1996-2006), which were carried out in an all-round way, not only succeeded in establishing a fair and orderly market economy system. Moreover, the positive role of the non-state-owned economy has been brought into full play; In the aspect of foreign relations, the Vietnamese government mainly takes the construction of institutional system and provides a good environment for trade and investment as the leading thought, and devotes itself to the formulation of preferential policies. The simplification of administrative procedures and the establishment of multilateral relations. In the area of trade, governments establish bilateral or multilateral trading mechanisms by lowering tariffs. The introduction of relevant laws and regulations and the formulation of long-term development strategies have promoted Viet Nam's import and export trade. In terms of attracting foreign direct investment, the government formulates active foreign investment policies and laws, and develops investment areas. Diversification of investment means to increase foreign investment in Vietnam has experienced three stages from the initial establishment of 1987-1996 to the deepening revision of 1998-2003 to the comprehensive improvement since 2006. Make Vietnam one of the most attractive places to invest in the world. Finally. This paper makes a simple comparative analysis of the similarities and differences in the process of economic development and reform between Vietnam and China. This paper holds that the Vietnamese government has played a leading role in the process of economic reform and development, but its government role is in a constantly changing process. Hanoi has thought deeply about the relationship between itself and the market and has gradually adjusted the role of the government according to the reality. The experience and lessons of Vietnam's development tell us that the government's intervention in the economy needs to maintain an appropriate scale. At the same time, the Government must adjust and fulfil its economic role in accordance with its national development and its political and economic objectives... The balance between government and market always changes with the change of historical background and development environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D733.3;F133.3

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