本文關(guān)鍵詞：山東漢畫像石中的農(nóng)具研究　出處：《哈爾濱師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 技術(shù)史 漢畫像石 農(nóng)具 農(nóng)耕

【摘要】：自古以來山東地區(qū)是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的中心,在漢代山東地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)具發(fā)展水平已經(jīng)達(dá)到了非常高的程度,山東地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化及文學(xué)藝術(shù)發(fā)展水平也已經(jīng)達(dá)到一定高度。漢畫像石出現(xiàn)于西漢中晚期,它是歷史文明的縮影,山東地區(qū)擁有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的漢畫像石,但是目前有關(guān)漢畫像石的研究范圍不是很全面,特別是國內(nèi)外對于漢畫像中的農(nóng)具研究還是較為薄弱。本文將以此為切入點(diǎn),并注重結(jié)合當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)背景、地域背景開展研究。本文通過實(shí)地調(diào)研,考察武梁祠和滕州漢畫像石展覽館等畫像石實(shí)物,大量閱讀畫像石圖冊,收集整理漢畫像石中的農(nóng)具圖片并加以研究。論文以耕地、種地、灌溉、糧食加工為邏輯主線,詳細(xì)研究山東地區(qū)當(dāng)時(shí)的耕墾農(nóng)具、汲水農(nóng)具和糧食加工農(nóng)具。第一章緒論,進(jìn)行國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)梳理,國內(nèi)圖片文獻(xiàn)較多,非常直觀的展現(xiàn)了全國各地的漢畫像石圖片,其中山東地區(qū)農(nóng)耕圖像資源尤為豐富。第二章圍繞耕墾農(nóng)具做研究,分析牛耕出現(xiàn)時(shí)間以及牛耕與馬耕的使用問題,梳理了單牛駕和二牛抬杠的歸類,從出土的文物看耕犁與犁耕的關(guān)系,從而揭示出牛耕是當(dāng)時(shí)耕種的主要?jiǎng)恿?它的應(yīng)用是耕種進(jìn)入新時(shí)代的標(biāo)志。第三章研究汲水農(nóng)具,主要有轆轤和桔槔,分析兩種汲水農(nóng)具的結(jié)構(gòu),出現(xiàn)時(shí)間以及應(yīng)用問題。第四章研究杵臼,分析古代與現(xiàn)代的應(yīng)用意義。第五章介紹了其他的農(nóng)耕石刻,拾糞圖和神農(nóng)執(zhí)耒圖等其他有代表的漢畫像石。通過上述研究,以期還原山東當(dāng)時(shí)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)概況,為了解山東地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)歷史提供重要參考�？傊�,漢畫像石生動(dòng)還原了當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史,是漢代文化最好的遺存,是技術(shù)史研究的瑰寶。相信隨著我國未來考古發(fā)掘工作的進(jìn)展,會(huì)為本研究提供更新、更有價(jià)值的珍貴史料。
[Abstract]:Shandong has been the center of political economy and culture since ancient times. In the Han Dynasty, the development level of agriculture and agricultural tools in Shandong has reached a very high level, and the economy of Shandong has reached a very high level. The development level of culture and literature and art has also reached a certain height. The Han Dynasty stone relief appeared in the late Western Han Dynasty, it is the epitome of historical civilization, Shandong region has a considerable number of Han stone. However, the current research on the Han stone is not very comprehensive, especially the domestic and foreign research on the agricultural tools in the Han portrait is still relatively weak. This article will take this as the starting point, and pay attention to the combination of the social background at that time. Through field investigation, this paper investigates the stone relief objects such as Wuliang Temple and Teng Zhou Han Stones Exhibition Hall, and reads a large number of stone portraits. Collecting and sorting out the pictures of agricultural implements in Han Dynasty stone and studying them. This paper takes cultivated land, land cultivation, irrigation and grain processing as the logical main line, and studies in detail the cultivated tools in Shandong area at that time. The first chapter is introduction to the domestic and foreign literature combing, domestic picture literature is more, very intuitive to show the Han stone images from all over the country. The second chapter focuses on the cultivation of agricultural tools to do research, analysis of the time of cattle cultivation and the use of cattle and horse farming problems, combing the single cattle driving and the second cattle lift bar classification. Looking at the relationship between ploughing and ploughing from unearthed cultural relics, it is revealed that cattle tillage was the main motive force of cultivation at that time, and its application was the sign of farming entering a new era. This paper analyzes the structure, time and application of two kinds of agricultural tools for drawing water. Chapter 4th studies the pestle and mortar, and analyzes the application significance of ancient and modern. Chapter 5th introduces other agricultural stone carvings. Through the above study, we hope to restore the general situation of agricultural production in Shandong at that time, and provide an important reference for understanding the agricultural history of Shandong. Han Dynasty stone relief vividly restored the history of that time, is the best remains of Han culture, is a treasure of the history of technology. I believe that with the progress of archaeological excavation in the future, this study will provide an update. Valuable and valuable historical data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K879.4

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