本文關鍵詞：毛澤東婦女解放思想研究　出處：《南京大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 毛澤東 婦女解放 馬克思主義 現(xiàn)代性

【摘要】：婦女主體性話語的重建是近代中國追求現(xiàn)代性的重要一環(huán),在這個過程中,婦女解放與社會轉(zhuǎn)型背景下中國的政治經(jīng)濟發(fā)展耦合在一起。中國共產(chǎn)黨的成立改變了中國女權(quán)主義和婦女解放運動的話語場,把"男女平等"與"婦女解放"推到革命話語的前沿位置。毛澤東作為中國婦女解放運動的直接倡導者與領導者,其婦女解放思想指引中國婦女從封建家庭的束縛中解放出來,并開啟了探索婦女自身全面發(fā)展的進程。毛澤東婦女解放思想的形成是一個不斷發(fā)展與完善的動態(tài)歷史過程。在不同歷史境遇下,毛澤東婦女解放思想有著不同的理論關注點。因此本文在討論過程中,從毛澤東婦女解放思想發(fā)展的歷史過程入手,以兩次思想轉(zhuǎn)向為線索,全局性地總結(jié)毛澤東時代婦女解放實踐的得失與經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)這一思路,本文分為三章詳細闡釋毛澤東婦女解放思想的構(gòu)建與當代價值。本文第一章深入剖析毛澤東婦女解放思想的“知識環(huán)境”,結(jié)合毛澤東早年的成長學習經(jīng)歷,討論毛澤東婦女解放思想形成的最初理論來源和境遇:毛澤東青少年時期接受的中國傳統(tǒng)文化教育,是其婦女思想形成的背景理論資源,主要包括正統(tǒng)的儒家經(jīng)學教育,以及戊戌變法時期康有為、梁啟超等維新派的思想理論,這些理論中有關性別問題的討論為毛澤東婦女解放觀點的形成提供了思想靈感;在五四運動興起過程中,毛澤東作為五四青年中的激進分子,受到了不同思潮的影響,五四時期知識精英階層開啟的中國"新女性"主體構(gòu)建與啟蒙運動,是早期毛澤東婦女解放思想的主要理論來源,主要包括新文化運動中陳獨秀、胡適、李大釗等人的婦女解放思想;俄國十月革命后,毛澤東受到李大釗等人的影響,開始系統(tǒng)學習馬克思主義相關理論學說,毛澤東的婦女解放思想開始引入經(jīng)濟與階級維度,開啟了馬克思主義婦女解放思想中國化的進程。在詳細考察毛澤東婦女解放思想“知識環(huán)境”的基礎上,本文第二章結(jié)合具體的歷史階段與毛澤東的文本研究,闡釋毛澤東婦女解放思想完整發(fā)展軌跡。婦女解放是青年毛澤東涉足社會批判的重要議題,毛澤東把女性獨立與新社會的構(gòu)建、個體的自我改造聯(lián)系在一起,性別壓迫成為青年毛澤東政治實踐中關注的焦點問題。五四運動時期,毛澤東對于性別壓迫的分析交織本質(zhì)主義和唯物主義的因素,但此時毛澤東已經(jīng)意識到解決婦女問題的重要困難在于中國社會文化的轉(zhuǎn)型。在毛澤東正式接受馬克思主義理論之后,毛澤東的婦女解放思想在不同的歷史發(fā)展階段側(cè)重于不同的現(xiàn)實政治問題。毛澤東的婦女思想在面臨不同婦女解放運動的實踐中,一步步完善。按照不同的歷史分期,毛澤東成熟的婦女解放解放思想分為以下幾個部分:國民革命時期的婦女解放理論、土地革命時期蘇區(qū)婚姻制度改革、抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期性別問題與階級解放的共鳴以及建國后毛澤東婦女解放思想進一步在體制中的確立。本文最后部分圍繞前兩章討論的內(nèi)容,首先肯定了毛澤東對于中國傳統(tǒng)性別范式的挑戰(zhàn),承認中國婦女解放運動為中國女性的獨立自由做出的巨大貢獻,接著引入后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義視角,對毛澤東時期婦女解放運動的局限性進行了批判與反思。在整合了正反兩方面話語討論的基礎上,筆者強調(diào)毛澤東婦女解放思想為解讀當下性別問題打開了一扇窗戶,毛澤東婦女解放思想是當代中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期,解決社會性別權(quán)力構(gòu)建隱性不平衡與矛盾的重要理論資源。
[Abstract]:The reconstruction of women's subjectivity discourse is the modern pursuit of modernity China an important part in this process, coupled with political and economic development Chinese background of women's Liberation and social transformation together. The establishment of the Communist Party of China changed China discourse field of feminism and women's liberation movement, the "gender equality" and "women's Liberation" pushed to the front position of the revolutionary discourse. Mao Zedong as a direct China advocate and leader of the women's liberation movement, the liberation of women's emancipation guidelines China women from the yoke of the feudal family, and opened the exploration of women's own comprehensive development process. The formation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation is a continuous development and improvement of the dynamic history process. Under different historical conditions, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation theory has a different focus in this paper. During the discussion, from the Mao Zedong women The history of the development process of emancipating the mind, to the two ideological change as a clue, the overall summary of the Mao Zedong era women's Liberation and gain experience. According to this idea, this paper is divided into three chapters to construct detailed interpretation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation and contemporary value. The first chapter of this paper analyzes Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation "knowledge the environment", combined with Mao Zedong early learning experience, initially discussed the theory origin and the situation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation formation: Chinese traditional culture education in Mao Zedong's youth to accept, is the theoretical background of resources form the views of women, including the orthodox Confucian education and the reform movement of 1898 Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and other dimension theory a new discussion about gender issues, these theories provide inspiration for the formation of Mao Zedong thought of women's Liberation view; In the May 4th Movement rise process, Mao Zedong as the 54 young activists, influenced by different thoughts, construction and Enlightenment of 54 period intellectual elite open China "new women" subject, is the main source of the early theory of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation, including the new culture movement in Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, Li Dazhao et al women's Liberation; after the October revolution, Mao Zedong was influenced by Li Dazhao et al, began a systematic study of the Marx doctrine theory, Mao Zedong's thought of women's Liberation began to introduce the dimensions of economic and class, open the process of Marx's feminist thought liberation of Chinese. Based on a detailed study of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation "knowledge environment". The text of the concrete historical stage and Mao Zedong combined with the second chapter of this paper, interpretation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation Complete development. Women's liberation is an important issue in young Mao Zedong's social criticism, Mao Zedong put the construction of women's independence and the new society, the individual self transformation together, gender oppression become a focus of concern for young Mao Zedong's political practice. The May 4th Movement period, Mao Zedong analysis for factors of gender oppression intertwined essentialism and materialism but this time, Mao Zedong had been aware of the important difficult to solve the problem of women lies in the transformation of social culture. China after Mao Zedong formally accepted the Marx doctrine, Mao Zedong's thought of women's Liberation in different historical stages of development focuses on the reality of different political problems. Mao Zedong's thought in the practice of different faces of the women's liberation movement, a step by step perfect. According to the different historical stages, Mao Zedong mature women's liberation is to emancipate the mind The following parts: the theory of women's Liberation during the national revolution period, the period of land revolution the marriage reform, during the Anti Japanese War, gender and class liberation resonance and after the founding of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation in the further establishment of the system. In the last part of this paper around the content discussed in the first two chapters, first affirmed the Mao Zedong challenge for traditional Chinese the gender paradigm, that the women's Liberation Movement made great contribution to China as an independent and free Chinese women, followed by the introduction of postmodern feminism perspective, the limitations of Mao Zedong's women's Liberation Movement in the period of criticism and reflection. In the integration of the two sides, based on the discussion of the discourse, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation opened a window for the current interpretation of gender issues, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation is the period of social transformation in contemporary China, solve social Gender power is an important theoretical resource for the construction of implicit imbalances and contradictions.

【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：A84;D442

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