本文關(guān)鍵詞：北洋初年陸軍改造論評(píng)（1912-1916）　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：民國(guó)初年,袁世凱當(dāng)選臨時(shí)大總統(tǒng),北洋政府開(kāi)始統(tǒng)治中國(guó)。為了鞏固自身統(tǒng)治,穩(wěn)定新生的政權(quán),北京政府在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、文化教育、外交等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域開(kāi)始全面革新,取得了顯著成效。在改革中,以袁世凱為首的北京政府尤其重視陸軍的革新,對(duì)陸軍開(kāi)始了長(zhǎng)達(dá)四年的改革與建設(shè),以促進(jìn)陸軍的現(xiàn)代化。北京政府統(tǒng)治初期,全國(guó)受辛亥革命形勢(shì)的影響,軍隊(duì)數(shù)量激增,使得軍隊(duì)素質(zhì)參差不齊、軍紀(jì)混亂等問(wèn)題叢生,嚴(yán)重影響了社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定及北洋政府初期的統(tǒng)治。與此同時(shí),國(guó)家財(cái)政困難,軍費(fèi)難有著落,裁軍與整頓軍隊(duì)勢(shì)在必行。在民初的大背景下,北洋政府在陸軍建設(shè)上采取了諸多舉措,包括裁減軍隊(duì)、改編軍制、加強(qiáng)軍事教育、革新武器裝備與完善后勤建設(shè)等,使北洋陸軍面貌煥然一新,培養(yǎng)了大批近代軍事人才,部隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)斗力大大增強(qiáng),一定程度上推動(dòng)了中國(guó)陸軍的近代化進(jìn)程。但在陸軍的改造過(guò)程中也存在一些問(wèn)題,制約著陸軍改革的深入進(jìn)行。學(xué)界以前對(duì)北京政府陸軍的研究,多持否定態(tài)度,尤其忽略了其在中國(guó)陸軍近代化過(guò)程中的重要地位。本文通過(guò)研究以袁世凱為首的北洋政府在1912-1916年間為陸軍建設(shè)所作出的努力,分析其成敗得失,進(jìn)而透視當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)陸軍的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,肯定北京政府在推動(dòng)軍隊(duì)近代化方面的貢獻(xiàn)。此外,研究袁世凱統(tǒng)治時(shí)期的陸軍改革,也可以為當(dāng)代中國(guó)的軍隊(duì)建設(shè)與軍隊(duì)改革提供借鑒、參考、經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn)。
[Abstract]:In the early years of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai was elected interim president, and the Beiyang government began to rule China. In order to consolidate its own rule and stabilize the nascent regime, the Beijing government was politically, economically, militarily, and culturally educated. During the reform, the Beijing government, headed by Yuan Shikai, attached particular importance to the reform of the army, and began the reform and construction of the army for up to four years. In order to promote the modernization of the army. In the early days of the Beijing government, the whole country was affected by the Revolution of 1911, and the number of troops increased rapidly, which made the quality of the army uneven and the military discipline confused. It seriously affected the stability of the society and the early rule of the Beiyang government.At the same time, the state was in financial difficulties and military expenditure was hard to find, so it was imperative to disarm and consolidate the armed forces, under the background of the beginning of the Republic of China. The Beiyang government has taken many measures in army building, including reducing the army, reorganizing the army system, strengthening military education, innovating weapons and equipment, and perfecting logistics construction, so that the Bei Yang Army has taken on a completely new look. A large number of modern military personnel have been trained, and the combat effectiveness of the army has been greatly enhanced, to a certain extent promoting the modernization process of the Chinese army, but there are still some problems in the course of the army's reform. The academic circles used to hold a negative attitude toward the army research of Beijing government. In particular, it neglected its important position in the process of modernization of the Chinese Army. This paper studies the efforts made by the Beiyang Government headed by Yuan Shikai in the army construction from 1912 to 1916. This paper analyzes its success or failure, then analyzes the current situation of the development of the Chinese army at that time, and affirms the contribution of the Beijing government in promoting the modernization of the army. In addition, it studies the army reform in the period of Yuan Shikai's rule. It can also provide reference, reference, experience and lessons for the army construction and military reform in contemporary China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K258

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