【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)80年代以來,企業(yè)為了適應(yīng)瞬息萬變的市場規(guī)律和不斷更新迭代的科學(xué)技術(shù),需要打破組織界限充分利用大眾資源進(jìn)行跨組織地知識轉(zhuǎn)移。而在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和知識付費(fèi)的今天,企業(yè)內(nèi)部的知識創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足其發(fā)展要求,知識的創(chuàng)新更是千金難求。因此,眾包應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。眾包平臺是由不同個體組成的復(fù)雜的虛擬社區(qū),個體間長期的相互作用,形成復(fù)雜的關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò),進(jìn)而形成社會資本,成為用戶進(jìn)行知識創(chuàng)造與轉(zhuǎn)移不可忽略的重要因素。為了企業(yè)能夠順利地運(yùn)用眾包,充分發(fā)揮大眾創(chuàng)造知識的價值優(yōu)勢,本文在閱讀和參考大量研究文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,以眾包模式下知識轉(zhuǎn)移為研究切入點(diǎn),并以社會資本理論為理論支撐,對社會資本理論下的眾包中知識轉(zhuǎn)移影響進(jìn)行了深入的研究,對企業(yè)成功開展眾包具有重要的作用。在研究知識轉(zhuǎn)移影響因素時,本文首先結(jié)合眾包的實(shí)際情況,將社會資本的結(jié)構(gòu)維度、關(guān)系維度和認(rèn)知維度的影響因子進(jìn)行了重新梳理,總結(jié)出了與眾包密切相關(guān)的社會資本。同時,為了更好的研究知識轉(zhuǎn)移的有效性,將用戶行為動機(jī)理論中的知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿作為中介變量,建立了眾包中社會資本對知識轉(zhuǎn)移影響研究模型。最后,對模型中各變量的相互關(guān)系提出了假設(shè)。在實(shí)證研究部分,本文通過SPSS21.0和AMOS19.0對問卷調(diào)研的方式收集了研究數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了處理,分析了問卷的信度和效度,研究了模型的擬合度和合理性,得到了修正后的研究模型。通過研究表明:1)在社會資本結(jié)構(gòu)維度上,交互強(qiáng)度與用戶知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿、知識轉(zhuǎn)移有效性具有顯著的正向影響。2)在認(rèn)知維度上,知識距離對知識轉(zhuǎn)移有效性有顯著的負(fù)向影響,且對知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿沒有顯著影響。同時,共同愿景對知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿和知識轉(zhuǎn)移有效沒有顯著影響。3)在關(guān)系維度上,信任、互惠對知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿和知識轉(zhuǎn)移有效性均有顯著的正向影響,而社區(qū)認(rèn)可只對知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿有顯著正向影響。4)知識轉(zhuǎn)移意愿對知識轉(zhuǎn)移有效性正向相關(guān)。此外,本文根據(jù)這些結(jié)論給出了眾包發(fā)展策略,具有一定的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, in order to adapt to the changing market law and constantly update iterative science and technology, enterprises need to break the organizational boundaries and make full use of mass resources for cross-organizational knowledge transfer. Today, with the globalization of economy and the payment of knowledge, the internal knowledge innovation of enterprises is far from satisfying its development requirements, and the innovation of knowledge is even more difficult to obtain. Therefore, crowdsourcing emerges as the times require. Crowdsourcing platform is a complex virtual community composed of different individuals. The long-term interaction between individuals forms a complex network of relationships, and then forms social capital, which becomes an important factor for users to create and transfer knowledge. In order to be able to use crowdsourcing smoothly and give full play to the value advantage of mass knowledge creation, this paper, on the basis of reading and referencing a large number of research documents, takes knowledge transfer under crowdsourcing mode as the starting point of research. Based on the theory of social capital, this paper deeply studies the influence of knowledge transfer in crowdsourcing under the theory of social capital, which plays an important role in the successful development of crowdsourcing in enterprises. When studying the influencing factors of knowledge transfer, this paper firstly recombs the structural dimension, relation dimension and cognitive dimension of social capital according to the actual situation of crowdsourcing, and summarizes the social capital which is closely related to crowdsourcing. At the same time, in order to better study the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, this paper takes the knowledge transfer intention in the theory of user behavior motivation as an intermediary variable, and establishes a research model of the influence of social capital on knowledge transfer in crowdsourcing. Finally, the relationship between the variables in the model is assumed. In the part of empirical research, this paper collects the research data through SPSS21.0 and AMOS19.0, analyzes the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and studies the fitting degree and rationality of the model. The modified research model is obtained. The research shows that: 1) in the dimension of social capital structure, the interaction intensity, the willingness of knowledge transfer and the effectiveness of knowledge transfer have a significant positive impact. 2) in the dimension of cognition, there is a significant positive effect on the efficiency of knowledge transfer. Knowledge distance has a significant negative impact on the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, and has no significant effect on knowledge transfer willingness. At the same time, shared vision has no significant effect on knowledge transfer willingness and knowledge transfer effectiveness. 3) in relation dimension, trust and reciprocity have significant positive effects on knowledge transfer willingness and knowledge transfer effectiveness. However, community acceptance only has a significant positive effect on knowledge transfer willingness. 4) knowledge transfer willingness has a positive correlation with knowledge transfer effectiveness. In addition, based on these conclusions, this paper gives the development strategy of crowdsourcing, which can be used for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F272

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