【摘要】：中小企業(yè)發(fā)展能夠加快我國經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整速度,同時增加就業(yè)機(jī)會、增加稅收、增加出口。因此,中小企業(yè)已經(jīng)成為拉動我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的重要力量。融資難問題是中小企業(yè)發(fā)展中面臨的最大瓶頸,現(xiàn)有的供應(yīng)鏈金融模式存在著形式相對單一,定價過高,風(fēng)險較高等問題,不能完全匹配目前環(huán)境下中小企業(yè)的融資需求。本文嘗試引入信用保險來解決中小企業(yè)的融資瓶頸,依靠發(fā)展中小企業(yè)信用保險來解決融資瓶頸,提供了一條解決中小企業(yè)融資困難的新途徑。首先,論文對中小企業(yè)融資的需求現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析。由于規(guī)模和自身特征,中小企業(yè)有著強(qiáng)烈融資需求。它們由于在供應(yīng)鏈中扮演的角色、重要性不同,融資需求也有所不同。在對現(xiàn)有的供應(yīng)鏈金融產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行分析后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),由于現(xiàn)有供應(yīng)鏈金融模式相對固定且定價過高,不能有效的降低中小企業(yè)融資業(yè)務(wù)中的風(fēng)險,因此現(xiàn)有供應(yīng)鏈金融不能滿足中小企業(yè)的融資需要。其次,論文對信用保險的概念和主要功能做出了介紹,然后通過分析近年保險市場的保費(fèi)收入和賠付額等數(shù)據(jù),證明了信用保險市場遠(yuǎn)未飽和,有較大的發(fā)展前景。進(jìn)一步介紹了信用保險支持下的零售商融資模式和供應(yīng)商模式,分析了基于信用保險的供應(yīng)鏈融資模式在增強(qiáng)中小企業(yè)對外部沖擊的抵抗能力、行業(yè)競爭力、融資能力和降低風(fēng)險、擴(kuò)大業(yè)務(wù)范圍等方面的作用。通過分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),基于信用保險的供應(yīng)鏈金融是解決中小企業(yè)融資難問題的一個有效途徑。然后,本文通過對汽車配件商X公司采用基于信用保險融資案例進(jìn)行分析。X公司由于自身遇上下游的結(jié)算方式和自身業(yè)務(wù)特點(diǎn),在傳統(tǒng)的融資方案下難以得到融資支持。而在采用基于信用保險融資方案后,上下游的信用風(fēng)險得到了有效的控制,同時由于保險公司的加入,也提高了銀行和企業(yè)的風(fēng)險把控能力,使得X公司融資問題都得到解決。最后,得出了本章的結(jié)論并提出了展望。在目前的市場中,基于信用保險的供應(yīng)鏈金融模式可以較好解決中小企業(yè)融資困難的問題。但我國市場情況復(fù)雜,因此供應(yīng)鏈融資可以不拘泥于單一形式,一定要跟據(jù)融資企業(yè)的自身不同情況,從而進(jìn)行靈活的組合,制定最為適合公司業(yè)務(wù)特點(diǎn)的方案,使我國信用市場和融資市場得到實(shí)質(zhì)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The development of small and medium-sized enterprises can speed up the adjustment of China's economic structure, at the same time, increase employment opportunities, increase taxes and increase exports. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises have become an important force to stimulate the economic growth of our country. Financing difficulty is the biggest bottleneck in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The existing supply chain financial model has some problems, such as relatively single form, high pricing, high risk and so on, which can not fully match the financing needs of SMEs in the current environment. This paper attempts to introduce credit insurance to solve the financing bottleneck of small and medium-sized enterprises, and to solve the financing bottleneck by developing credit insurance of small and medium-sized enterprises, which provides a new way to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. First of all, the paper analyzes the status quo of the financing needs of SMEs. Because of its scale and its own characteristics, SMEs have strong financing needs. Because of their role in the supply chain, they have different importance and different financing needs. After analyzing the existing supply chain financial products, we find that because the current supply chain financial model is relatively fixed and pricing is too high, it can not effectively reduce the risk in the financing business of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, the existing supply chain finance can not meet the financing needs of SMEs. Secondly, the paper introduces the concept and main functions of credit insurance, and then proves that the credit insurance market is far from saturated and has a great development prospect by analyzing the data of premium income and indemnity in the insurance market in recent years. This paper further introduces the financing model of retailers and suppliers under the support of credit insurance, analyzes the supply chain financing model based on credit insurance to enhance the ability of small and medium-sized enterprises to resist external shocks, and the competitiveness of the industry. Financing capacity and risk reduction, expanding the scope of business and other aspects of the role. It can be found that supply chain finance based on credit insurance is an effective way to solve the financing problem of SMEs. Then, this paper analyzes the case of X Company based on credit insurance, which is difficult to get financing support under the traditional financing scheme because of its own settlement and business characteristics. After adopting the scheme of credit insurance financing, the credit risk of upstream and downstream has been effectively controlled. At the same time, the risk control ability of banks and enterprises has been improved because of the participation of insurance companies, and the financing problems of X Company have been solved. Finally, the conclusion of this chapter is drawn and the prospect is put forward. In the current market, the supply chain finance model based on credit insurance can solve the financing difficulties of SMEs. However, the market situation in our country is complex, so supply chain financing can not be confined to a single form, it must be different from the situation of the financing enterprises themselves, so as to carry out a flexible combination and formulate the scheme that is most suitable for the business characteristics of the company. Make our country credit market and financing market get substantial development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F276.3;F832

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