本文選題：新能源汽車企業(yè) + 專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　； 參考：《安徽工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在環(huán)境污染加劇和資源短缺的大環(huán)境下,減少能源消耗成為世界各國的難題,降低能耗的產(chǎn)品開始出現(xiàn)在各個領(lǐng)域,發(fā)展新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)是減少石油資源消耗,確保國內(nèi)能源安全的需要,也是減少環(huán)境污染,實(shí)現(xiàn)綠水青山的需要。依照動力來源的不同可將新能源汽車劃分為三類,第一類混合動力汽車同時(shí)利用電能和內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動的的汽車,擁有兩種動力來源,第二類是純電動汽車,利用蓄電池存儲的電能驅(qū)動車輛行駛,同混合動力汽車相比純電動汽車在技術(shù)上同傳統(tǒng)汽車的差異更大,更符合節(jié)能環(huán)保的要求,第三類是燃料電池汽車,燃料電池汽車以氫氣燃燒產(chǎn)生的熱能為動力來源,行駛過程僅產(chǎn)生少量的水,最為符合環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求,對技術(shù)的要求也最高。汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術(shù)發(fā)展離不開新技術(shù)、新材料的研發(fā),特別是對關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的掌握,只有掌握了關(guān)鍵技術(shù)新能源汽車企業(yè)才能在激烈的市場競爭中占據(jù)一席之地。雖然新能源汽車的技術(shù)還不成熟,但發(fā)達(dá)國家的汽車制造企業(yè)已經(jīng)開始在全球范圍內(nèi)對新能源汽車進(jìn)行專利布局,意圖構(gòu)建專利壁壘封鎖我國新能源汽車技術(shù)的發(fā)展,因此,為了有效應(yīng)對可能的專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn),我國新能源汽車企業(yè)亟需在對專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建適宜我國新能源汽車企業(yè)使用的專利預(yù)警機(jī)制。通過對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警理論進(jìn)行深入分析,在專利管理理論基礎(chǔ)之上,將新能源汽車企業(yè)專利管理的過程劃分為專利創(chuàng)造、專利申請、專利運(yùn)用、專利保護(hù)四個階段,對以上四個階段的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來源進(jìn)行識別,選取適宜的指標(biāo)衡量可能面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大小,運(yùn)用定量分析的方法確定各級指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,構(gòu)建了新能源汽車專利預(yù)警三級指標(biāo)體系;結(jié)合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的相關(guān)理論,將可能的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分為五個等級,并運(yùn)用模糊中和評價(jià)法對我國新能源汽車企業(yè)的專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行評估,構(gòu)建適用于新能源汽車企業(yè)的專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估體系;最后以奇瑞新能源汽車為研究對象,對其專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了評估。研究結(jié)果表明,專利創(chuàng)造、專利運(yùn)用階段的權(quán)重均大于0.3屬于重要指標(biāo),表明這兩個階段產(chǎn)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對企業(yè)整體的專利風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響較大,是應(yīng)當(dāng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的階段,在掌握新能源汽車發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上分階段對其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來源進(jìn)行識別,選取相應(yīng)指標(biāo)利用定量分析方法確定各指標(biāo)權(quán)重,判斷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級的過程中使用了模糊綜合評價(jià)法。研究結(jié)果可以為新能源汽車企業(yè)制定專利策略提供參考,為企業(yè)未來進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略決策提供支持。
[Abstract]:In the environment of intensified environmental pollution and shortage of resources, reducing energy consumption has become a difficult problem for all countries in the world. Products that reduce energy consumption have begun to appear in various fields. The development of new energy automobile industry is to reduce the consumption of petroleum resources. The need to ensure domestic energy security is also to reduce environmental pollution and achieve green water Qingshan needs. New energy vehicles can be divided into three categories according to their power sources. The first type of hybrid vehicles, which use both electric energy and internal combustion engines, have two sources of power, and the second type is pure electric vehicles. Compared with hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles driven by electric energy stored by batteries are more different in technology than traditional ones, and meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection. The third category is fuel cell vehicles. The fuel cell vehicle takes the heat energy generated by hydrogen combustion as the power source and produces only a small amount of water during the driving process, which meets the requirements of environmental protection and the highest requirement for technology. The development of automobile industry can not be separated from new technology, and the research and development of new materials, especially the mastery of key technology, must be grasped in order to occupy a place in the fierce market competition. Although the technology of new energy vehicles is not mature, the automobile manufacturing enterprises in developed countries have begun to patent the new energy vehicles in the global scope, with the intention of constructing patent barriers to block the development of new energy automobile technology in China. In order to deal with the possible patent risk effectively, it is urgent for our new energy automobile enterprises to construct a patent warning mechanism suitable for our country's new energy automobile enterprises on the basis of systematic analysis of patent risk. Based on the analysis of risk management theory and risk warning theory, the process of patent management of new energy automobile enterprises is divided into four stages: patent creation, patent application, patent application and patent protection. Identify the risk sources of the above four stages, select appropriate indicators to measure the possible risk size, use quantitative analysis method to determine the weight of the indicators at all levels, and build a three-level index system for the warning of new energy vehicle patents; Combined with the theory of risk management, the possible risk is divided into five grades, and the patent risk of Chinese new energy automobile enterprises is evaluated by fuzzy neutralization evaluation method. A patent risk assessment system suitable for new energy automobile enterprises is constructed. Finally, the patent risk of Chery new energy vehicle is evaluated. The research results show that the weight of patent creation and patent application stage are all above 0.3, which indicates that the risks generated in these two stages have a great impact on the whole patent risk of the enterprise, which should be paid more attention to. On the basis of mastering the present situation of the development of new energy vehicles, the risk sources are identified in stages, and the corresponding indexes are selected to determine the weights of each index by using quantitative analysis method, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used in the process of judging the risk grade. The research results can provide reference for new energy automobile enterprises to formulate patent strategy and provide support for enterprises to make strategic decisions in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.471;F273.1

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