中國煤電企業(yè)縱向一體化對企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效影響研究
本文選題:煤電產(chǎn)業(yè) + 縱向一體化; 參考:《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:煤炭和火電作為我國最重要的一次能源和二次能源,在我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中扮演著十分重要的角色。由于分處于同一條產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的上下游,煤炭與電力之間的關(guān)系也尤為密切。2002年,煤炭價格飛漲,電企不堪重負,開始使用縱向一體化的方式保證原料供應(yīng);2012年后,經(jīng)濟下行,煤炭價格呈斷崖式跌落,煤企也開始涉足發(fā)電領(lǐng)域來彌補煤炭虧損;谝陨锨闆r,本文將研究縱向一體化對我國煤電企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效的具體影響,為我國煤電企業(yè)的縱向一體化選擇提供一定的參考。本文對縱向交易基本理論、我國煤電縱向關(guān)系的研究和縱向一體化對其他行業(yè)企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效影響的文獻進行了評述,總結(jié)了現(xiàn)有研究的不足。通過對我國煤電關(guān)系發(fā)展歷程的梳理得出,我國煤、電企業(yè)會基于保證煤炭供給和銷售、分散經(jīng)營風(fēng)險等原因進行縱向一體化整合。結(jié)合產(chǎn)業(yè)組織學(xué)和新制度經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論分析發(fā)現(xiàn)縱向一體化可通過降低企業(yè)成本、提高市場進入壁壘等方式提高企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效。以煤炭上市公司的十項財務(wù)指標為研究對象,利用因子分析法將它們劃分為企業(yè)的盈利能力、運營能力、償債能力和發(fā)展能力四個公共因子,并確認權(quán)重,構(gòu)建了煤炭企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效指標評價體系。通過對煤炭上市企業(yè)2007-2015年間經(jīng)營績效評價對比,得出煤電縱向一體化企業(yè)較未采用一體化模式的煤炭企業(yè)擁有更好的盈利能力和運營能力,但由于企業(yè)規(guī)模的擴大,縱向一體化企業(yè)的償債能力較弱。運用價值增加值法對樣本煤電企業(yè)的縱向一體化程度進行測算,并選取控制變量對企業(yè)經(jīng)營績效影響因素進行了回歸分析,得出煤電縱向一體化程度對煤炭企業(yè)的經(jīng)營績效有積極的影響,即隨著煤電一體化程度的加深,企業(yè)的經(jīng)營績效逐步提高。根據(jù)研究結(jié)果建議國家應(yīng)繼續(xù)出臺政策支持煤電縱向一體化。
[Abstract]:As the most important primary energy and secondary energy, coal and thermal power play a very important role in the economic development of our country.The relationship between coal and electricity is particularly close because it is located upstream and downstream of the same industrial chain. In 2002, when coal prices soared and power companies were overwhelmed, they began to use vertical integration to ensure the supply of raw materials; after 2012, the economy declined.Coal prices have fallen precipitously, and coal companies are beginning to tap into power generation to make up for coal losses.Based on the above situation, this paper will study the specific impact of vertical integration on the performance of China's coal and power enterprises, and provide a certain reference for the choice of vertical integration of coal and power enterprises in China.In this paper, the basic theory of vertical trading, the study of vertical relationship between coal and electricity in China and the literature on the influence of vertical integration on the performance of other industries are reviewed, and the shortcomings of existing research are summarized.By combing the development course of coal power relations in China, it is concluded that coal and electricity enterprises in our country will integrate vertically based on the guarantee of coal supply and sale and the diversification of management risks.Combining with the theory of industrial organization and new institutional economics, it is found that vertical integration can improve the performance of enterprises by reducing the cost of enterprises and increasing the barriers to market entry.Taking ten financial indexes of coal listed companies as research objects, the paper divides them into four common factors, namely, profitability, operational ability, solvency and development ability, and confirms their weights.The performance evaluation system of coal enterprises is constructed.By comparing the operational performance evaluation of coal listed enterprises from 2007 to 2015, it is concluded that coal and power vertical integration enterprises have better profitability and operation ability than those coal enterprises that do not adopt integrated mode, but due to the expansion of enterprise scale,Vertical integration enterprises have weak solvency.The value added method is used to measure the degree of vertical integration of the sample coal power enterprises, and the control variables are selected to analyze the influencing factors of the enterprises' business performance.It is concluded that the degree of vertical integration of coal and electricity has a positive impact on the operating performance of coal enterprises, that is, with the deepening of integration of coal and electricity, the business performance of enterprises is gradually improved.According to the results of the study, the state should continue to introduce policies to support vertical integration of coal and electricity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:F426.61;F272.3
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