本文選題：農(nóng)村土地信托　切入點(diǎn)：西部農(nóng)村　出處：《甘肅政法學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于歷史原因造成的土地細(xì)碎化分割以及小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下的傳統(tǒng)耕地經(jīng)營(yíng)方式使得土地的使用率低下,加之越來(lái)越多的農(nóng)民加入務(wù)工大軍,造成許多耕地資源的撂荒,浪費(fèi)了本來(lái)就稀缺的土地資源,同時(shí),傳統(tǒng)的土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式又存在難以形成規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)、農(nóng)戶權(quán)益保護(hù)不周等弊端,使得農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式的創(chuàng)新變得極為迫切。 農(nóng)村土地信托制度作為一種新型的農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式與傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)方式相比較,存在許多優(yōu)勢(shì)。首先,土地信托是農(nóng)村土地在三個(gè)主體之間的流轉(zhuǎn),流轉(zhuǎn)的程序更加規(guī)范,有利于保障土地信托各方當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益；其次,農(nóng)村土地信托突破了土地需求者挨家挨戶簽訂土地流轉(zhuǎn)合同所帶來(lái)的不便與低效率,通過(guò)土地信托機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布完善的土地流轉(zhuǎn)信息,加快了農(nóng)村土地的流轉(zhuǎn),促進(jìn)了土地的規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)；最后,通過(guò)信托機(jī)構(gòu)的專業(yè)性服務(wù),使得農(nóng)戶可以擁有務(wù)工收入和土地信托收益雙份收入,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民土地收益的最大化。 盡管農(nóng)村土地信托制度在我國(guó)的發(fā)展已有13年的歷史,在我國(guó)的南方農(nóng)村發(fā)展較為迅速,但在西部農(nóng)村,尚未出現(xiàn)農(nóng)村土地信托這一農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式。理論界對(duì)農(nóng)村土地信托的研究主要集中在我國(guó)農(nóng)村土地信托制度實(shí)施的可行性研究及相關(guān)制度的完善、建議方面,本文的視角主要立足于西部農(nóng)村,探討西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施土地信托制度時(shí)存在的困境及制度建議。 論文由四部分組成。第一部分主要闡述了農(nóng)村土地信托基本理論,通過(guò)對(duì)農(nóng)村土地信托內(nèi)涵、現(xiàn)狀的分析,和對(duì)農(nóng)村土地信托的制度優(yōu)勢(shì)的考量,為筆者進(jìn)一步論述觀點(diǎn)奠定基礎(chǔ)。第二部分主要對(duì)西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施農(nóng)村土地信托予以現(xiàn)實(shí)考察,一方面總結(jié)現(xiàn)有農(nóng)村土地信托的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),另一方面探討西部農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的特性,結(jié)合二者論述西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施土地信托的必要性及可行性。第三部分則分析了西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施土地信托所存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)困境、法律困境及配套制度困境。第四部分則在前三部分的討論基礎(chǔ)上提出了突破相應(yīng)困境的制度建議。 筆者并不是想在現(xiàn)有的農(nóng)村土地信托實(shí)踐上試圖去建立一個(gè)獨(dú)屬于西部的農(nóng)村土地信托制度,而是因?yàn)榇嬖谶@樣一種困惑：作為一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新有效的農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式,在我國(guó)中東部農(nóng)村地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)不斷發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì),但卻在擁有豐富土地資源的西部農(nóng)村,為何遲遲不見(jiàn)這種土地流轉(zhuǎn)方式的身影。從而期望通過(guò)對(duì)西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施土地信托是可行的這一觀點(diǎn)的論述、對(duì)西部農(nóng)村實(shí)施土地信托的困境分析,最后提出西部實(shí)施農(nóng)村土地信托的相關(guān)法律及制度建議,以便為西部農(nóng)村的土地流轉(zhuǎn)工作、農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)�；a(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)提供一點(diǎn)新的思考。
[Abstract]:Due to historical reasons, the fragmentation of land and the traditional management of cultivated land under the small-scale farming economy make the utilization rate of the land low. In addition, more and more farmers join the army of migrant workers, resulting in the abandonment of many cultivated land resources.At the same time, the traditional land transfer mode is difficult to form scale management, farmers' rights and interests are not well protected and so on, which makes the innovation of rural land circulation mode extremely urgent.As a new type of rural land transfer system, the rural land trust system has many advantages compared with the traditional rural land transfer mode.First, land trust is the transfer of rural land between the three main bodies, the procedure of circulation is more standardized, which is conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the parties to the land trust; secondly,The rural land trust has broken through the inconvenience and inefficiency brought by the door-to-door land transfer contract signed by the land demanders, and has speeded up the circulation of rural land through the issuance of perfect land circulation information by the land trust organization.Finally, through the professional service of the trust organization, farmers can have the income of working workers and the income of land trust, and realize the maximization of farmers' land income.Although the rural land trust system has been developed for 13 years in our country and developed rapidly in the southern rural areas of our country, the rural land trust system has not yet appeared in the western rural areas.The theoretical research on rural land trust mainly focuses on the feasibility study of the implementation of rural land trust system and the improvement of related system in our country. In the aspect of suggestions, the perspective of this paper is mainly based on the western rural areas.This paper discusses the difficulties and suggestions of land trust system in western rural areas.The paper consists of four parts.The first part mainly expounds the basic theory of the rural land trust, through the analysis of the connotation, the present situation of the rural land trust, and the consideration of the system superiority of the rural land trust, lays the foundation for the author to further discuss the viewpoint.The second part mainly studies the implementation of rural land trust in western rural areas. On the one hand, it summarizes the practical experience of rural land trust, on the other hand, it discusses the characteristics of rural land circulation in western China.This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of implementing land trust in western rural areas.The third part analyzes the practical dilemma, legal dilemma and supporting system dilemma of land trust in western rural areas.The fourth part of the first three parts of the discussion on the basis of breaking through the corresponding difficulties of the system recommendations.The author is not trying to set up a rural land trust system which belongs exclusively to the west in the existing rural land trust practice, but because there is such a confusion: as an innovative and effective way of rural land transfer,In the rural areas of the central and eastern part of China, there is a continuous development trend, but in the western rural areas with rich land resources, why not see the form of this land transfer mode.It is expected that through the discussion of the feasibility of land trust in western rural areas, the difficulties of land trust implementation in western rural areas will be analyzed, and the relevant laws and system suggestions for the implementation of rural land trust in western China will be put forward.In order to the western rural land circulation, agricultural scale, industrial management to provide a little new thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.3;D922.282

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