發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-23 00:27

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公司信貸 資本利用率 金融歧視　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的迅速發(fā)展，銀行在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了越來(lái)越重要的作用，銀行既協(xié)調(diào)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，又維持了金融體系的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。目前我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行面臨著不少問(wèn)題，經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境多變，不良貸款余額逐年增加。處于轉(zhuǎn)型中的中國(guó)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與銀行發(fā)展密切相關(guān)，商業(yè)銀行信貸作為公司重要的融資渠道之一，能否有效的、合理的分配發(fā)放，對(duì)于企業(yè)的生存經(jīng)營(yíng)有十分重要的意義。然而面對(duì)有限的信貸資金，復(fù)雜多變的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大小不等的各類企業(yè)，商業(yè)銀行不可避免的就存在金融歧視問(wèn)題。 目前在我國(guó)的銀行信貸市場(chǎng)上，許多公司很難獲得信貸支持，商業(yè)銀行信貸有較為嚴(yán)重的信貸集中問(wèn)題。最明顯的就是國(guó)有企業(yè)與民營(yíng)企業(yè)之間的信貸差異。民營(yíng)企業(yè)一般經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高、管理體制不健全、信息透明度較低，商業(yè)銀行對(duì)其的貸后監(jiān)管成本高。國(guó)有企業(yè)具有雄厚的資金規(guī)模，抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力強(qiáng)，商業(yè)信譽(yù)高，受到政策和資金的扶持。商業(yè)銀行出于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的考量，一般會(huì)選擇國(guó)有企業(yè)作為信貸對(duì)象。 商業(yè)銀行信貸資金作為資本要素被企業(yè)投入勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)中，資本利用率就成為不可忽略的考察對(duì)象。信貸資金作為資本要素投入生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)中，生產(chǎn)要素應(yīng)向要素利用率高的地方聚集。資本要素被投入企業(yè)之后，在生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中，通過(guò)與勞動(dòng)力結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造價(jià)值或使資本增值，為企業(yè)帶來(lái)收益，資本金利用率和企業(yè)效益成正相關(guān)關(guān)系，研究生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的資本利用率對(duì)于商業(yè)銀行的信貸配置有重要意義。 本研究從公司資本利用率角度，對(duì)企業(yè)融資方式和信貸差異進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹，對(duì)公司信貸差異原因，，商業(yè)銀行信貸資金配置效率等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。得出了以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論：我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行存在信貸歧視問(wèn)題；民營(yíng)企業(yè)的資本利用率普遍高于國(guó)有企業(yè)；商業(yè)銀行信貸配置效率不高，并不能夠很好的扶持相關(guān)行業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economic society, banks have played an increasingly important role in economic development. At present, our commercial banks are faced with many problems, the economic environment is changeable, and the balance of non-performing loans is increasing year by year. In China, which is in transition, economic growth is closely related to the development of banks. Commercial bank credit, as one of the important financing channels of the company, can be distributed effectively and reasonably, it is very important for the survival and management of the enterprise. However, facing the limited credit fund, the complex and changeable economic environment, All kinds of enterprises with different risks, commercial banks inevitably exist the problem of financial discrimination. At present, in our country's bank credit market, many companies are very difficult to obtain credit support. There is a serious credit concentration problem in commercial banks. The most obvious is the credit difference between state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. Private enterprises generally have higher risk of operation, imperfect management system and low transparency of information. Commercial banks have a high cost of supervision over their loans. State-owned enterprises have strong capital scale, strong ability to resist risks, high commercial reputation, and are supported by policies and funds. Generally, state-owned enterprises will be chosen as the credit target. Credit funds of commercial banks as capital elements are put into labor and production by enterprises, capital utilization ratio becomes an important object of investigation, and credit funds are put into production and labor as capital elements. The factors of production should be gathered in places where the utilization rate of factors is high. After the capital elements are put into the enterprise, in the process of production and operation, by combining with the labor force, they can create value or increase the value of the capital, so as to bring benefits to the enterprise. There is a positive correlation between the utilization ratio of capital and the benefit of enterprises. It is of great significance to study the utilization ratio of capital of production enterprises for the credit allocation of commercial banks. From the perspective of corporate capital utilization, this study introduces the financing methods and credit differences of enterprises in detail, and analyzes the reasons for the differences in corporate credit. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the efficiency of credit allocation of commercial banks, and draws the following conclusions: the credit discrimination exists in commercial banks in China, the capital utilization ratio of private enterprises is generally higher than that of state-owned enterprises; Commercial bank credit allocation efficiency is not high, can not support the development of related industries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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