本文關鍵詞：合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)信貸融資研究　出處：《安徽大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：科技型小微企業(yè)是增強自主創(chuàng)新能力的關鍵力量,是社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的重要補充。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,有75%以上的技術創(chuàng)新和65%以上的發(fā)明以及80%以上的新產(chǎn)品是由科技型小微企業(yè)創(chuàng)造的。科技型小微企業(yè)在推動技術進步,完善市場經(jīng)濟體系以及培育新興產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用,是建設創(chuàng)新型國家不可或缺的力量。 作為全國唯一一個“國家科技創(chuàng)新型試點市”的合肥,科技型小微企業(yè)更是其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要基礎。與其他小微企業(yè)相比,科技型小微企業(yè)具有“高風險、高投入,低資產(chǎn)”的特點,這也使其在融資過程中面臨著更為嚴峻的困境。而作為資金主要供給者的商業(yè)銀行則面臨著同質(zhì)化競爭、利率市場化以及金融新主角興起(如互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融)的現(xiàn)實,使得商業(yè)銀行的處境越來越不樂觀。所以,加快發(fā)展科技金融是商業(yè)銀行轉(zhuǎn)型和金融創(chuàng)新的重要舉措。本文設計了“科技型小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查問卷”,并根據(jù)調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)對合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)的信貸融資約束因素進行了實證分析,進而根據(jù)實證結果得出結論。最后,借鑒國內(nèi)外商業(yè)銀行的經(jīng)營模式,不僅從中小企業(yè)融資難的傳統(tǒng)角度而且還以商業(yè)銀行創(chuàng)新服務視角,對如何加快科技金融發(fā)展提出了幾點參考性建議。 本文的主要內(nèi)容如下： 1.按照原因一對策的邏輯線索對國內(nèi)外相關文獻進行了詳盡的梳理,總結其主要觀點并進行比較分析。得出如下結論：(1)銀行授信是解決科技型小微企業(yè)融資難問題最實際的方式；(2)科技型小微企業(yè)的自身特點與商業(yè)銀行傳統(tǒng)的授信機制是造成其融資難的主要原因；(3)商業(yè)銀行服務科技型小微企業(yè)有一定的優(yōu)勢也是必然選擇,并且發(fā)展空間巨大。 2.根據(jù)實地調(diào)研得來的數(shù)據(jù),對合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)的基本概況和融資現(xiàn)狀進行分析。合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)的融資特征為：(1)資金需求額度相對較小,但較為迫切；(2)融資期限以中短期為主；(3)融資主要用于解決新產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)以及新市場的開拓；(4)銀行授信是我市科技型小微企業(yè)的融資第一選擇,但仍有65%的企業(yè)認為通過銀行授信融資存在困難。 3.根據(jù)調(diào)研所得數(shù)據(jù)對合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)的信貸約束因素進行實證研究,得出科技型小微企業(yè)信貸融資的約束因素主要有政策因素、銀行因素以及企業(yè)自身因素。在外部環(huán)境因素中,信用擔保體系不健全、信貸政策支持不足、央行收緊銀根、銀行授信手續(xù)復雜、缺少專門的科技型銀行、銀行缺乏對科技型企業(yè)的評估能力、額度難以滿足需求以及銀行信貸產(chǎn)品種類不全等對我市科技型小微企業(yè)的信貸融資影響較為明顯。從企業(yè)自身來說,無形資產(chǎn)比例、財務規(guī)范程度、研發(fā)能力都對企業(yè)取得銀行授信產(chǎn)生重要影響。 4.通過對合肥市科技型小微企業(yè)的融資現(xiàn)狀分析和融資約束的實證研究,以及美國硅谷銀行經(jīng)營模式和交通銀行“蘇州模式"的相關經(jīng)驗借鑒,對發(fā)展科技型小微企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務提出幾點建議。
[Abstract]:Science and technology Small and micro businesses is the key to strengthen the power of independent innovation ability, is an important supplement to the socialist market economy. According to statistics, there are more than 75% of technological innovation and more than 65% inventions and more than 80% of new product is created by technology Small and micro businesses. Science and technology Small and micro businesses to promote technological progress, improve the market the economic system and plays an important role in cultivating emerging industries, is an indispensable power to building an innovative country.
As the only one of the "National Science and technology innovation pilot city" Hefei science and technology Small and micro businesses is an important base for economic development. Compared with other Small and micro businesses, science and technology Small and micro businesses with "high risk, high investment, low asset", which makes it in the process of financing faced with more serious difficulties. And as the main provider of funds of commercial banks is facing the homogenization of competition, the rise of the interest rate market and financial new protagonist (such as the Internet financial) reality, making commercial banks situation more optimistic. Therefore, accelerate the development of science and technology is an important measure of financial transformation of commercial banks and financial innovation. This paper design the high-tech small and micro enterprise financing status questionnaire ", and according to the investigation data to make an empirical analysis of Hefei city science and technology Small and micro businesses credit financing constraints, and according to the real Finally, with reference to the operation mode of domestic and foreign commercial banks, this paper not only from the traditional financing difficulties of SMEs, but also from the perspective of innovation service of commercial banks, puts forward some suggestions for accelerating the development of science and technology finance.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
1. according to the logic clue of reason countermeasure of the related literature at home and abroad carried out a detailed combing, summarizes its main viewpoints and analyzed. Conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) the bank credit is the most practical solution of science and technology Small and micro businesses financing way; (2) the credit mechanism of high-tech Small and micro businesses of their own with the characteristics of the traditional commercial bank is the main cause of its financing; (3) commercial bank service of science and technology Small and micro businesses have certain advantages but also the inevitable choice, and a huge space for development.
2. according to the on-the-spot investigation to the data of the general situation and the financing situation of Small and micro businesses of Hefei city science and technology. The characteristics of financing of Hefei city science and technology Small and micro businesses are as follows: (1) the amount of demand for funds is relatively small, but more urgent; (2) financing in the short term to (3); the financing is mainly used to solve the development of new products and new markets; (4) the bank credit is the science and technology city Small and micro businesses financing first choice, but there are still 65% of enterprises believe that through bank credit financing difficulties.
3. according to the empirical research on the survey data Small and micro businesses credit constraints of Hefei city science and technology, science and technology constraints that Small and micro businesses credit financing are the main factors of policy factors, the bank and the enterprise's own factors. The external environment factors, the credit guarantee system is not perfect, lack of credit policy support, the central bank to tighten monetary policy bank credit, complicated procedures, lack of science and technology special bank, banks lack the capacity to evaluate science and technology enterprises, it is difficult to meet the demand and the amount of bank credit products are not congruent to the scientific and Technological City Small and micro businesses credit financing effect is more obvious. From the enterprise itself, the proportion of intangible assets, financial norms, R & D capability for enterprises to obtain bank credit have an important impact.
4., through the analysis of the financing situation of Hefei's technology small and micro businesses and the empirical research of the financing constraints, as well as the relevant experience of the Silicon Valley bank business mode and the communication bank "Suzhou mode", we will make some suggestions for developing the credit business of the small and micro technology enterprises.

【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.44;F832.4

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