【摘要】：世界上,每個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的中心目標(biāo)是提供長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)及發(fā)展的問(wèn)題。對(duì)俄羅斯來(lái)說(shuō),這個(gè)問(wèn)題特別嚴(yán)重,因?yàn)槎砹_斯國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)正在經(jīng)歷社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的長(zhǎng)期轉(zhuǎn)型。在經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)型期會(huì)同時(shí)發(fā)生經(jīng)濟(jì)自由化和新制度環(huán)境的形成,而新制度的形成不僅不會(huì)解決過(guò)渡期的問(wèn)題,反而會(huì)使一些新制度實(shí)施更加復(fù)雜。國(guó)家新制度的形成是為了確保市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)有序并高效的發(fā)展,當(dāng)然新經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的形成與國(guó)家的參與態(tài)度也是十分重要的,在二十世紀(jì)九十年代期間,因?yàn)槎砹_斯經(jīng)濟(jì)制度瓶頸導(dǎo)致了俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)出現(xiàn)了負(fù)增長(zhǎng)。只有在充分了解俄羅斯制度的現(xiàn)狀以及經(jīng)濟(jì)制度瓶頸形成的原因,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)和實(shí)施新制度的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,從而改善俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)制度變革的方向。制度變遷造成其發(fā)展的方向,體現(xiàn)在新制度的制定上。俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)制度正在積極的準(zhǔn)備以及進(jìn)行一些戰(zhàn)略,只有這樣才能打破制度瓶頸。1992年蘇聯(lián)宣布解體,俄羅斯聯(lián)邦成立。為了使俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)快速提高,俄當(dāng)時(shí)政府效仿西方國(guó)家引進(jìn)了激進(jìn)式的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方式“休克療法”,希望可以盡快完成計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的完美轉(zhuǎn)換,迅速躋身于西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的行列。但是,由于俄政府沒(méi)有充分考慮到俄羅斯的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況,急于求快,最后導(dǎo)致俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)不僅沒(méi)有提高,卻陷入了危機(jī)之中,使經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革一直持續(xù)了很多年也沒(méi)徹底完成。因?yàn)槎砹_斯不顧本國(guó)實(shí)際情況,盲目改革,讓俄羅斯付出了意想不到的慘痛代價(jià)。西方產(chǎn)權(quán)理論表明,想使國(guó)家產(chǎn)權(quán)的得以明確,必須控制國(guó)有企業(yè)的增長(zhǎng),實(shí)現(xiàn)私有化的改革。然而,俄羅斯用事實(shí)給西方產(chǎn)權(quán)理論以打擊,不管哪種產(chǎn)權(quán)改革,都不是一蹴而就的,不能違背現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The central goal of every national economic policy in the world is to provide long-term economic growth and development. For Russia, the problem is particularly serious because the Russian national economy is undergoing a long-term transformation of social and economic relations. In the transition period of economic relations, economic liberalization and the formation of new institutional environment will occur at the same time, and the formation of new system will not solve the problem of transitional period, but will make the implementation of some new systems more complicated. The formation of the new national system is to ensure the orderly and efficient development of the market economy. Of course, the formation of the new economic system and the attitude of the state to participate are also very important. During the 1990s, Because the bottleneck of Russian economic system led to the negative growth of Russian economic growth. Only by fully understanding the present situation of the Russian system and the causes of the bottleneck of the economic system can the structural adjustment of the new system be realized and implemented, so as to improve the direction of the reform of the Russian economic system. The direction of its development is reflected in the formulation of the new system. The Russian economic system is actively preparing and carrying out some strategies in order to break the bottleneck of the system. The collapse of the Soviet Union was announced in 1992 and the Russian Federation was established. In order to improve Russia's economy rapidly, the Russian government at that time followed the example of Western countries in introducing radical economic reform, "shock therapy," in the hope that the perfect transformation from planned economy to market economy can be completed as soon as possible. Quickly entered the ranks of western developed countries. However, because the Russian government did not fully consider the Russian economic situation, eager to speed up, eventually led to the Russian economy not only did not improve, but fell into crisis, so that the economic system reform has been sustained for many years and has not been completely completed. Because Russia ignored its actual situation, blind reform, let Russia pay an unexpected and painful price. The western theory of property rights shows that the growth of state-owned enterprises must be controlled and the reform of privatization should be realized in order to make the state-owned property right clear. However, Russia uses facts to strike at western property rights theory, no matter which kind of property right reform, is not achieved overnight, can not violate the realistic foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F151.2

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