發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-11 12:09

【摘要】：勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)是產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要部門，它不僅在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中起著舉足輕重的重要作用，還擔(dān)負(fù)著推進(jìn)我國(guó)剩余勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移、出口創(chuàng)匯、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)民增收等進(jìn)程的重?fù)?dān)，大力發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)是目前我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不可逾越的階段。雖然近年來(lái)，江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)受到多重因素影響，發(fā)展受到?jīng)_擊，但總體上其不可替代性和階段性等特點(diǎn)使該產(chǎn)業(yè)在江蘇經(jīng)濟(jì)中依然占據(jù)重要地位�；诖耍u(píng)價(jià)該產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r并針對(duì)存在的問題提出相關(guān)對(duì)策建議就顯得很有必要。 第一，本文對(duì)勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的概念進(jìn)行了界定，在借鑒相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，選擇人均固定資產(chǎn)原價(jià)、比較勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率、人均工資等指標(biāo)，利用聚類分析法對(duì)江蘇省勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行了劃分。結(jié)果表明，在江蘇制造業(yè)中有16個(gè)行業(yè)屬于勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)，占了制造業(yè)所含行業(yè)總數(shù)的一半以上。 第二，梳理了江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、所處地位及其發(fā)展中存在的問題。結(jié)果表明，勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)在江蘇制造業(yè)中占有重要地位，其產(chǎn)值占制造業(yè)總產(chǎn)值的比重超過了50%。同時(shí)，該產(chǎn)業(yè)也存在發(fā)展方式粗放、融資困難、勞動(dòng)力供給不平衡等問題。 第三，基于鉆石模型，提煉出了影響江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的6個(gè)因素：生產(chǎn)要素、從需求條件、相關(guān)與支持性產(chǎn)業(yè)、企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、結(jié)構(gòu)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、政府作用和機(jī)遇。在對(duì)這些因素進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)其進(jìn)行了量化表征。利用層次分析法對(duì)江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)年度和行業(yè)的動(dòng)態(tài)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。通過年度對(duì)比分析競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力結(jié)果表明，江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力一直呈現(xiàn)平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)，其中，2012年增長(zhǎng)速度快于其他五年。在影響江蘇勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的六個(gè)因素中，貢獻(xiàn)最大的是生產(chǎn)要素和需求條件，其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力在五年來(lái)上升了將近1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，，增長(zhǎng)速度都要快于其他四個(gè)要素；通過行業(yè)對(duì)比分析競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力結(jié)果說(shuō)明，勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)16個(gè)行業(yè)發(fā)展并不一致，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力差距較為明顯，其中紡織業(yè)和電氣機(jī)械及器材制造業(yè)在16個(gè)行業(yè)中最具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，超過10%,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力水平最低的是家具制造業(yè)，僅占4.08%。 最后，提出了提高江蘇省勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的對(duì)策。主要包括四個(gè)方面:一是發(fā)揮政府職能，促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展；二是加大優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)；三是拓寬融資渠道，加強(qiáng)銀企合作；四是擴(kuò)大外貿(mào)出口，營(yíng)造良好的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The labor-intensive industry is an important sector of industrial economic development. It not only plays an important role in the national economy, but also bears the heavy burden of promoting the transfer of surplus labor force, export earning, urbanization, increasing farmers' income and so on. Vigorously developing labor-intensive industries is an insurmountable stage of our economy at present. In recent years, the labor-intensive industry in Jiangsu is affected by many factors and its development is affected by many factors, but on the whole, its irreplaceable and phased characteristics make the industry still occupy an important position in Jiangsu economy. Based on this, it is necessary to evaluate the development of the industry and put forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the existing problems. First, this paper defines the concept of labor-intensive industry, on the basis of relevant research, choose the per capita fixed assets original price, comparative labor productivity, per capita wage and other indicators. Cluster analysis was used to classify labor-intensive industries in Jiangsu Province. The results show that 16 industries in Jiangsu are labor-intensive, accounting for more than half of the total number of manufacturing industries. Second, combing the development of labor-intensive industries in Jiangsu, the status and problems in the development. The results show that the labor-intensive industry plays an important role in Jiangsu's manufacturing industry, and its output value accounts for more than 50 percent of the manufacturing output value. At the same time, the industry also has extensive development mode, financing difficulties, labor supply imbalance and so on. Thirdly, based on the diamond model, six factors influencing the competitiveness of labor intensive industries in Jiangsu are extracted: factors of production, demand conditions, related and supportive industries, enterprise strategy, structure and competition, role and opportunity of government. Based on the detailed analysis of these factors, the quantitative characterization of these factors is carried out. The dynamic competitiveness of labor intensive industries in Jiangsu province is evaluated by AHP. The results of annual comparative analysis show that the competitiveness of labor-intensive industries in Jiangsu has been showing a steady growth trend, among which, the growth rate in 2012 is faster than that in the other five years. Among the six factors affecting the competitiveness of labor-intensive industries in Jiangsu, the factors of production and demand contribute most, and the competitiveness of Jiangsu has increased by nearly 1 percentage point in the past five years, and the growth rate is faster than that of the other four elements. The results of industry comparative analysis show that 16 industries of labor-intensive industry are not consistent in development, and the gap of competitiveness is obvious. Among them, textile industry and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry are the most competitive in 16 industries. More than 10, the lowest level of competitiveness is the furniture manufacturing industry, only 4.08. Finally, the paper puts forward countermeasures to improve the competitiveness of labor-intensive industries in Jiangsu Province. It mainly includes four aspects: first, to give full play to government functions and promote the development of labor-intensive industries; second, to increase the development of superior industries and optimize the internal structure of industries; third, to broaden financing channels and strengthen cooperation between banks and enterprises; Fourth, expand foreign trade exports and create a favorable international competitive environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F127

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