【摘要】：自哈薩克斯坦獨(dú)立以來，，我國與其合作領(lǐng)域逐步擴(kuò)大，合作方式也呈現(xiàn)多樣化發(fā)展，目前已形成全方位、多層次的合作體系。新疆與哈薩克斯坦毗鄰,二者具有相似的民族結(jié)構(gòu)及相同的宗教信仰，其獨(dú)特的地緣、人文優(yōu)勢有利于雙方開展合作。與哈薩克斯坦相比，新疆具有較為豐富的勞動(dòng)力資源，且勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)較高，有更大的供給潛力。目前新疆與哈薩克斯坦的勞務(wù)合作主要是通過在哈薩克斯坦承包工程、建立合資公司等方式，但哈薩克斯坦有嚴(yán)格的勞務(wù)管理制度，要求更多的使用本國的勞動(dòng)力，但哈本國的勞動(dòng)市場呈現(xiàn)如下特點(diǎn)：技能水平與雇主需求不匹配，成熟產(chǎn)業(yè)工人供不應(yīng)求，不能滿足發(fā)展的需要，但由于受教育程度限制，教育人員專業(yè)素養(yǎng)相對較低，因此有迫切的提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)的國外培訓(xùn)需求。我國與哈薩克斯坦接壤，與其他省區(qū)相比，新疆具有更為顯著的地緣文化優(yōu)勢。烏魯木齊作為新疆的首府，政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技和文化的發(fā)展已然達(dá)到較高的發(fā)展水平，具備了較強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力，因此有條件進(jìn)一步向西開放發(fā)展，建立專業(yè)的面向中亞的勞務(wù)合作培訓(xùn)基地。此外，培訓(xùn)基地的構(gòu)建也為新疆本地勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)的提升提供平臺(tái)，提高其國內(nèi)及國際競爭力，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)哈薩克斯坦對高素質(zhì)勞動(dòng)力及成熟產(chǎn)業(yè)工人的需求組織相應(yīng)的勞務(wù)輸出，這既實(shí)現(xiàn)了我國剩余勞動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)移又滿足了哈國對產(chǎn)業(yè)工人的需求，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏。 本文以經(jīng)濟(jì)合作為視角，首先對新疆與哈薩克斯坦勞務(wù)合作的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)合作環(huán)境、文化環(huán)境進(jìn)行詳盡分析，得出雙方的勞務(wù)合作具有良好的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。對新疆與哈薩克斯坦勞務(wù)合作可行性的分析得到新疆對哈國勞務(wù)輸出具有絕對優(yōu)勢及相對優(yōu)勢，但目前雙方的勞務(wù)合作量較低，且合作方式單一。運(yùn)用修正的貿(mào)易引力模型的實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明總?cè)丝趯π陆c哈薩克斯坦的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的彈性系數(shù)為12.64619，勞務(wù)合作的彈性系數(shù)為1.27898，二者都對經(jīng)濟(jì)合作產(chǎn)生較為顯著的影響。然后根據(jù)分析的結(jié)果初步提出在烏魯木齊建立勞務(wù)合作培訓(xùn)基地，并從政府、培訓(xùn)協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)、教育機(jī)構(gòu)、社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)五個(gè)要素方面對基地的模式做簡要分析。最后，結(jié)合前面章節(jié)分析結(jié)果提出進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大新疆向哈薩克斯坦勞務(wù)輸出的建議及完善勞務(wù)培訓(xùn)基地培訓(xùn)的對策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the independence of Kazakhstan, the fields of cooperation between China and Kazakhstan have gradually expanded, and the ways of cooperation have diversified development. At present, a comprehensive and multi-level cooperation system has been formed. Xinjiang and Kazakhstan are adjacent to each other. They have similar national structure and same religious beliefs, and their unique geographical and humanistic advantages are conducive to the cooperation between the two sides. Compared with Kazakhstan, Xinjiang has more abundant labor resources, higher labor quality and greater supply potential. At present, the labor cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan is mainly through contracting projects and establishing joint ventures in Kazakhstan. However, Kazakhstan has a strict labor management system that requires more use of its own labor force. However, the labor market in Kazakhstan shows the following characteristics: the skill level does not match with the demand of the employer, the supply of mature industrial workers exceeds the demand, and it cannot meet the needs of development. However, due to the restriction of educational level, the professional literacy of the educator is relatively low. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the quality of foreign training workers. Compared with other provinces, Xinjiang has more obvious geo-cultural advantages. As the capital of Xinjiang, Urumqi has achieved a high level of development in politics, economy, science and technology and culture, and has strong economic strength, so it is in a position to further open up to the west. Establish a professional training base for labor cooperation in Central Asia. In addition, the construction of the training base also provides a platform for the upgrading of the quality of the local labor force in Xinjiang and enhances its domestic and international competitiveness. Furthermore, according to the demand of Kazakhstan for high-quality labor force and mature industrial workers, the corresponding labor export is organized, which not only realizes the transfer of surplus labor force in our country, but also meets the needs of industrial workers in Kazakhstan, and realizes the win-win situation. From the perspective of economic cooperation, this paper analyzes the political, economic and cultural environment of labor cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan in detail, and draws a conclusion that the labor cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan has a good foundation for development. Based on the analysis of the feasibility of labor cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan, it is concluded that Xinjiang has absolute advantage and relative advantage in the export of labor services to Kazakhstan, but at present the quantity of labor cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan is low and the mode of cooperation is single. The empirical results of the modified trade gravity model show that the elasticity coefficient of the total population to the economic cooperation between Xinjiang and Kazakhstan is 12.64619, and the elasticity coefficient of labor cooperation is 1.27898. Both have a more significant impact on economic cooperation. Then according to the results of the analysis, the paper puts forward the establishment of labor cooperation training base in Urumqi, and briefly analyzes the model of the base from five aspects: government, training coordination organization, education institution, social organization and enterprise. Finally, based on the analysis results of the previous chapters, the author puts forward some suggestions for further expanding the export of labor services from Xinjiang to Kazakhstan and the countermeasures for perfecting the training of labor service training base.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F125.4;F249.2

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