【摘要】：改革開放以來(lái),我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷增長(zhǎng),工業(yè)化的推進(jìn)速度不斷加快,但隨之而來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題也著實(shí)令人擔(dān)憂。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和環(huán)境質(zhì)量似乎是一對(duì)矛盾體,二者相互作用,相互影響,但其內(nèi)在的作用機(jī)制并不是顯而易見的。為了解決這一問題,首要的就是去發(fā)現(xiàn)它們相互作用的規(guī)律。這么多年以來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)外很多學(xué)者基于這個(gè)問題做了各種研究、各種嘗試,不同學(xué)者有不同的研究方法和研究結(jié)果,但這其中最具代表性的是由庫(kù)茲涅茨提出的EKC“倒U型”曲線假說(shuō)。目前,東北地區(qū)對(duì)這方面的研究并不多,更多的研究都是針對(duì)較發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)。但東北地區(qū)作為老工業(yè)基地,資源消耗量、污染物排放量都較多,對(duì)該地區(qū)進(jìn)行研究及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)其經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與環(huán)境質(zhì)量的內(nèi)在作用機(jī)制,進(jìn)而制定正確的解決方案更是意義重大。本文將環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨曲線理論應(yīng)用于東北地區(qū),用1993年到2012年?yáng)|北地區(qū)的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)對(duì)該理論進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)與環(huán)境的變化規(guī)律。得出的結(jié)論如下： 1.選取六方面的環(huán)境絕對(duì)量和相對(duì)量指標(biāo)(共12個(gè))與經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)(人均GDP)進(jìn)行回歸分析,得到的曲線有“U型”、“N型”、“倒N型”等,而非環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨“倒U型”曲線,這意味著該假說(shuō)存在一定局限性。并非在所有地區(qū)、所有時(shí)期都使用,具體問題還要具體分析。 2.工業(yè)“三廢”的絕對(duì)排放量和工業(yè)廢氣的相對(duì)排放量(排放強(qiáng)度)等環(huán)境指標(biāo)隨經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)而呈現(xiàn)惡化的態(tài)勢(shì),其他環(huán)境指標(biāo)隨之呈現(xiàn)向好態(tài)勢(shì)。 3.對(duì)環(huán)境污染物的絕對(duì)排放量和相對(duì)排放量與經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)的擬合結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)污染物排放強(qiáng)度的負(fù)面影響小于對(duì)絕對(duì)排放量的負(fù)面影響。 4.通過(guò)對(duì)東北地區(qū)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的研究分析,提出優(yōu)生優(yōu)育,提高人口質(zhì)量、加強(qiáng)耕地利用的可持續(xù)性、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、加快技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,倡導(dǎo)低碳生產(chǎn)、改善環(huán)保投資結(jié)構(gòu),提高環(huán)保投資效率等政策建議以促進(jìn)東北地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economy of our country has been growing continuously, and the speed of industrialization has been speeding up, but the following economic problems are also worrisome. Economic growth and environmental quality seem to be a pair of contradictions, they interact and affect each other, but their internal mechanism is not obvious. In order to solve this problem, the first thing is to discover the law of their interaction. Over the years, many scholars at home and abroad have made various studies and made various attempts based on this problem. Different scholars have different research methods and research results. But the most representative is the EKC "inverted U" curve hypothesis put forward by Kuznets. At present, there are few researches on this aspect in Northeast China, and more researches are aimed at the more developed areas. However, as an old industrial base, there are more resource consumption and pollutant discharge in Northeast China. It is very important to find out the internal mechanism of its economic growth and environmental quality in time, and to make a correct solution. In this paper, the environmental Kuznets curve theory is applied to the northeast region, and the environmental and economic indexes of the northeast region from 1993 to 2012 are used to verify the theory, and try to find out the law of economic and environmental change in this region. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The regression analysis of six aspects of environmental absolute and relative indexes (12) and economic indicators (per capita GDP) shows that the curves obtained include "U type", "N type", "inverted N type" and so on, instead of "inverted U type" curve of environmental Kuznets. This means that the hypothesis has some limitations. Not all regions, all periods of time use, specific problems need to be analyzed. 2. The absolute emissions of industrial "three wastes" and the relative emissions (emission intensity) of industrial waste gas have deteriorated with the economic growth, and other environmental indicators have shown a positive trend. 3. By comparing and analyzing the fitting results between the absolute and relative emissions of environmental pollutants and economic indicators, it is found that the negative effects of economic growth on the emission intensity of pollutants are less than those on absolute emissions. 4. Based on the research and analysis of the relationship between environment and economy in Northeast China, it is put forward that, to improve the quality of population, to enhance the sustainability of cultivated land use, to optimize industrial structure, to promote economic transformation and development, to speed up technological innovation, and to advocate low-carbon production. Improving the structure of environmental protection investment and improving the efficiency of environmental protection investment can promote the sustainable and healthy development of economy in Northeast China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F127;F224;X22

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