經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)能源強(qiáng)度和環(huán)境質(zhì)量的影響:環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨曲線在全球214個(gè)國(guó)家應(yīng)用的實(shí)證研究
[Abstract]:In recent decades, global energy consumption has faced complex and diverse problems: energy prices and energy production; asymmetries between energy demand and energy supply; a series of problems caused by energy tensions caused by energy supply and demand gaps; and energy supply, Transportation and consumption safety issues; energy consumption habits caused by environmental pollution, and so on. Environmental pollution, especially air pollution, is closely related to energy consumption. Because of the global consequences of widespread environmental pollution, energy use and environmental pollution present a global threat. Energy and environmental pollution are of great significance to the healthy development of global economy and ecological environment. In the 1990s, economists Grossman and Krueger published many articles. The concept of environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis was first proposed. This is an extension of the Kuznets curve which explores the relationship between economic development and income inequality in the field of environmental economics. This concept has inspired many environmental economists, and a series of academic studies focusing on the applicability of the environmental Kuznets curve to different environmental pollution indicators in different regions have emerged. The core of this theory is that the degree of environmental pollution and the level of economic development are inversely U-shaped, that is, with the improvement of the level of economic development, the degree of environmental pollution is aggravated first and then mitigated. Using different research methods, different research objects show different results in specific time-space range. Through econometric methods, this paper attempts to quantify the factors affecting energy intensity and environmental air pollution in more than 200 countries around the world. To explore the existence of a global model based on the economic development stage in terms of energy intensity and environmental air pollution. This paper examines the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis on energy intensity and partial atmospheric pollution levels (including PM10, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, other greenhouse gases, etc.) from the perspective of historical development. By examining the effects of per capita disposable income level, economic structure and education level on energy intensity and air pollution levels, the paper finds that 214 countries in the world performed from 1980 to 2012. The relationship between the level of air pollution caused by greenhouse gas emissions and the level of economic development (based on GNI per capita) is roughly U-shaped. However, This relationship does not exist between the level of suspended particulate matter pollution and the level of economic development. Therefore, the application of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is limited. Based on the above conclusions, the article gives the corresponding policy recommendations and countermeasures. It is necessary to develop economy reasonably to reach the inflection point for the environmental pollution source which is applicable to the theory of environmental Kuznets curve. In view of the fact that the impact of air pollution, represented by greenhouse gases, is not only beyond the borders of a country, but also has become a phenomenon of globalization, the close cooperation of globalization is urgent. The establishment of a global monitoring, reporting mechanism and monitoring network is one of the effective means. Of course, the transformation, upgrading and promotion of clean energy use technologies are also worthy of promotion. Outside of production, sustainable and healthy energy consumption patterns for each individual will also contribute to improving the existing energy consumption structure and reducing environmental pollution levels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F113.3
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