本文選題：消費 + 消費結構�。� 參考：《廣東省社會科學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放多年來,我國經(jīng)濟取得了令人矚目的成績�？傮w來看,我國已由生存型階段進入到發(fā)展型的新階段。其突出表現(xiàn)是,近十五年來,城鎮(zhèn)居民的發(fā)展型消費支出比例明顯超過生存型消費支出的比例。我國正在加快由生產型大國向消費型大國的轉變進程,并且已經(jīng)處于走向消費大國的歷史拐點。目前,中國面臨的經(jīng)濟下行壓力大。經(jīng)濟改革進入了攻堅期和深水區(qū),經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展進入新常態(tài),更多行業(yè)面臨著增速放緩的困境,急需轉變發(fā)展方式、擴大內需、提升消費以尋找新的經(jīng)濟增長點和發(fā)展新動力。從宏觀經(jīng)濟學的視角來看,居民消費增長、居民消費結構升級與經(jīng)濟增長之間存在著相互依存,相互影響的關系。居民消費增長和消費結構升級會推動經(jīng)濟增長,而經(jīng)濟增長又會增加人均收入,從而拉動居民消費增長、促進消費結構升級。消費結構可以反映一個國家或地區(qū)居民生活質量,也可以用來衡量一個國家或地區(qū)的社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展狀況。因此,研究居民消費結構不僅是消費經(jīng)濟理論中的核心問題,同時也是關系到整個宏觀經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要課題。本論文以廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民消費結構為研究對象,借助ELES模型等數(shù)學工具分析得出廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民消費支出結構的特點;然后,通過國內一線城市北京、上海,以及國外發(fā)達國家美國、日本居民消費結構的比較,提出了獨特的優(yōu)化消費結構的建議。首先,本論文通過大量的數(shù)據(jù)資料,獨到地分析了廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民消費需求結構的變化特征。其次,對影響廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民消費需求結構采用了靜態(tài)的一般分析法和ELES的實證分析法,得到了廣州市居民消費結構的動態(tài)特點和演變規(guī)律。再次,分析了廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民的消費需求和人均收入對廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民的消費結構的影響。再后,根據(jù)前面分析結果,將廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民消費和消費結構目前所處的階段和國內外發(fā)達地區(qū)和發(fā)達國家的消費結構作對比,總結發(fā)達國家和地區(qū)消費結構的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗。最后針對廣州市城鎮(zhèn)居民近年消費結構的特點,提出相應的對策和發(fā)展建議,以期使廣州市居民消費結構優(yōu)化升級,擴大內需,促進廣州市經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Reform and opening up for many years, China's economy has made remarkable achievements. In general, China has entered a new stage from the survival stage to the development stage. Its outstanding performance is that in the past 15 years, the proportion of urban residents' developmental consumption expenditure is obviously higher than that of survival type consumption expenditure. China is speeding up the process of transition from a large producer to a large consumer, and is already at the historical inflection point of becoming a big consumer. At present, China is facing a large downward pressure on the economy. The economic reform has entered the critical period and the deep water area, the economic development has entered the new normal, more industries are facing the predicament of slowing down the growth rate, it is urgent to change the development mode, expand the domestic demand, and promote the consumption to find the new economic growth point and the new power of development. From the point of view of macroeconomics, the relationship between the consumption growth, the upgrading of the consumption structure and the economic growth is interdependent and interactive. Household consumption growth and consumption structure upgrade will promote economic growth, and economic growth will increase per capita income, thereby stimulating household consumption growth and promoting consumption structure upgrading. The consumption structure can reflect the quality of life of the residents of a country or region, and can also be used to measure the social and economic development of a country or region. Therefore, studying the consumption structure of residents is not only the core problem in the theory of consumption economy, but also an important subject related to the development of the whole macro economy. This paper takes the consumption structure of urban residents in Guangzhou as the research object, with the help of the Eles model and other mathematical tools to analyze the characteristics of the structure of consumption expenditure of urban residents in Guangzhou; then, through the domestic first-tier cities Beijing, Shanghai, As well as the comparison of the consumption structure of American and Japanese residents in foreign developed countries, this paper puts forward some unique suggestions for optimizing the consumption structure. Firstly, based on a large amount of data, this paper analyzes the changing characteristics of consumption demand structure of urban residents in Guangzhou. Secondly, the static general analysis method and Eles empirical analysis method are used to analyze the structure of consumption demand of urban residents in Guangzhou, and the dynamic characteristics and evolution law of the consumption structure of Guangzhou residents are obtained. Thirdly, it analyzes the influence of consumption demand and per capita income on the consumption structure of urban residents in Guangzhou. Then, according to the results of the previous analysis, this paper compares the current stage of consumption and consumption structure of urban residents in Guangzhou with that of developed regions and developed countries at home and abroad, and summarizes the development experience of consumption structure in developed countries and regions. Finally, according to the characteristics of the consumption structure of urban residents in Guangzhou in recent years, the corresponding countermeasures and development suggestions are put forward in order to optimize and upgrade the consumption structure of Guangzhou residents, expand domestic demand and promote the economic development of Guangzhou.
【學位授予單位】：廣東省社會科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F126.1

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