本文選題：中美關系 + 經(jīng)濟外交�。� 參考：《復旦大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：21世紀是中美關系的世紀,把握21世紀的國際秩序,必須首先研究中美關系。洞察中美關系的發(fā)展趨勢,根本在于把握中美經(jīng)濟關系的發(fā)展,而從國際政治研究的角度而言,把握中美經(jīng)濟關系的趨勢,關鍵是研究中美經(jīng)濟外交。中美經(jīng)濟外交最核心的線索是崛起的國家與守成國家的互動發(fā)展關系。基于垂直分工的經(jīng)濟互補、基于相互依存不對稱向?qū)ΨQ的發(fā)展、崛起國家與守成國家的互動,這三大因素構成了中美經(jīng)濟外交的結構特征和環(huán)境。美方在國際分工中總體處于上游、在相互依存中擁有優(yōu)勢,常常是中美經(jīng)濟外交互動中的施動方,中方常常處于應對方,但從體系而言,美方總體處于守成一方,中方處于崛起方,中方擁有的資源和能力不斷增強,從而日益具有主動性和話語權。隨著相互依存的發(fā)展,中美經(jīng)濟外交中結構性因素潛移默化發(fā)生變化,但美方仍然居于優(yōu)勢地位,除了貿(mào)易領域,投資領域、金融領域的不對稱性依然顯著,但變化已經(jīng)開始向投資和金融領域延伸。雙邊宏觀協(xié)調(diào)已經(jīng)建立機制化渠道,全球治理也在雙邊機制范圍內(nèi)率先發(fā)酵,并對多邊對話發(fā)揮著著引領作用。從制度變遷的角度而言,依據(jù)雙邊經(jīng)濟溝通機制的建設情況和參與體系層面制度的建設情況,改革開放以來的中美經(jīng)濟外交可以劃分為四個階段：中美經(jīng)濟外交初始化(1978-1988),中美相互給予最惠國待遇這一基礎設施,締結中美貿(mào)易協(xié)議,中美經(jīng)濟外交初始化；中美經(jīng)濟外交正�；�(1989-2000),歷經(jīng)政治動蕩,確立PNTR關系,簽訂入世協(xié)議,中美經(jīng)濟外交政治脫敏,啟動了中美經(jīng)濟外交正常化階段；中美經(jīng)濟外交機制化(2001-2007),2001年中國入世,中美雙邊有了共同的底層的經(jīng)濟溝通機制,2006年中美設立戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)濟對話機制,構成中美經(jīng)濟外交頂層設計,從而中美經(jīng)濟外交形成了多層次立體溝通機制,機制化特征顯著；中美經(jīng)濟外交包容化(2008-2012),在金融危機面前,全球第一和第二大經(jīng)濟體、增長發(fā)動機,休戚相關,參與宏觀協(xié)調(diào)和全球經(jīng)濟治理,中國于2011年承認了美國領導的國際經(jīng)濟秩序的主導作用,與美國2006年認為中國已經(jīng)納入到體系內(nèi)發(fā)展遙相呼應,一種相互包容的經(jīng)濟外交形成,一種新型大國經(jīng)濟關系開始。這種新型大國經(jīng)濟關系新鮮在三處：不同于一戰(zhàn)前歷史上,崛起國家和守成國家互動的方式,他們最后都走向了戰(zhàn)爭；不同于一戰(zhàn)后美蘇的經(jīng)濟競爭和外交,他們最后鬧了個你死我活；不同于二戰(zhàn)后美國與德國日本的經(jīng)濟外交,德國和日本的經(jīng)濟外交是在美國主導的體系內(nèi)進行。中美經(jīng)濟外交走出了一條不同社會制度的經(jīng)濟體,從體系外到體系內(nèi)再共同參與國際經(jīng)濟規(guī)則和秩序建設的的經(jīng)濟外交互動路徑,一種新型大國經(jīng)濟關系形成,這種新型大國經(jīng)濟關系為全面的新型大國關系鋪就了道路。35年的中美經(jīng)濟外交驗證了,美國對華保持接觸外交和中國對美持續(xù)開放這一互動模式的理性。35年來,美國的遏制和制裁都最后損人不利己,35年來中國的開放與進步收獲了持續(xù)的紅利。盡管前路仍有坎坷,但這種理性和戰(zhàn)略必須堅持,這是構建新型大國關系的關鍵姿態(tài)。如果沒有意外,中國的崛起和美國的守成,是一個長期的互動過程。2012年中國經(jīng)濟總量才占美國經(jīng)濟總量的51%,如果中美保持過去35年的經(jīng)濟增長績效,中國最快10多年,最慢需要近百年,才能在經(jīng)濟總量上趕上美國。相互依存的對稱性發(fā)展,也需要更長的時間。權力轉(zhuǎn)移是漸進的,盡管中國迅速崛起,美國仍然擁有相對優(yōu)勢。美國需要中國分擔更多的國際責任,中國也愿意分享更多國際話語權。中國積極參與國際秩序的建設,需要提供更多國際公共產(chǎn)品,中國如想實現(xiàn)大國夢、強國夢,除了自身的發(fā)展和壯大,必須能夠給國際社會提供普世價值、提供國際公共產(chǎn)品和服務,隨著力量的發(fā)展,必須更有擔當。在一個競爭性的國際社會中,權力與責任是會趨于對應的。這是崛起的中國必須正面的,理性看待的。從美國角度而言,保持開放和包容,是美國主導的國際體系能夠繼續(xù)煥發(fā)新生命的關鍵。
[Abstract]:Twenty-first Century is the century of Sino US relations. To grasp the international order of the twenty-first Century, we must first study the relationship between China and the United States. To see the development trend of Sino US relations is to grasp the development of Sino US economic relations. From the perspective of international political research, the key to grasp the trend of economic relations between China and the United States is to study the economic diplomacy of the United States and the United States. The key clue is the interactive development relationship between the rising and the conserved countries. Based on the economic complementarity of the vertical division of labor, the development of the mutual dependence asymmetry to the symmetry, the rise of the interaction between the country and the country, the three factors constitute the structural characteristics and the environment of the economic diplomacy of the United States and the United States. The United States is generally in the international division of labor. The Chinese side is often on the other side, but from the system, the United States is generally on the defensive side, the Chinese side is on the rise, the Chinese side has increased its resources and capacity, and thus increasingly has the initiative and the right to speak. With the development of interdependence, The structural factors of American economic diplomacy have changed in a subtle way, but the United States still occupies a dominant position. In addition to the trade, investment and financial fields, the asymmetry is still significant, but the change has begun to extend to the investment and financial fields. Bilateral macro coordination has established a mechanism channel and global governance is also in the scope of bilateral mechanisms. From the perspective of institutional change, the economic diplomacy of China and the United States can be divided into four stages, according to the construction of bilateral economic communication mechanism and the construction of the system level of participation system. The Chinese and American economic diplomacy initialization (1978-1988), China and the United States each other. The infrastructure of the most favored nation treatment, the Sino US trade agreement, the Sino US economic diplomacy initialization, the normalization of Sino US economic diplomacy (1989-2000), the political turmoil, the establishment of PNTR relations, the signing of the WTO agreement, the desensitization of the Sino US economic diplomacy and the Sino US economic diplomatic normalization stage, and the economic diplomatic mechanism of China and the United States (2001-2 007), in 2001 China entered WTO, China and the United States had a common underlying economic communication mechanism. In 2006, China and the United States set up a strategic economic dialogue mechanism, which constituted the top level of Sino US economic and diplomatic design. Thus, the Sino US economic diplomacy formed a multi-level and three-dimensional communication mechanism, and the characteristics of the institutionalization were obvious; China and the United States economic and diplomatic inclusion (2008-2012), in the financial crisis. In front of the machine, the world's first and second largest economies are growing engines, closely related, involved in macro coordination and global economic governance. In 2011, China recognized the leading role of the United States led international economic order. It echoed the development of the United States in 2006, and a mutually inclusive economic diplomacy. The economic relations of a new type of great power began. This new country's economic relationship was fresh in three places: different from the pre war history, the rise of the country and the state of national interaction, they finally went to the war; different from the economic competition and diplomacy of the United States and Soviet Union after the first war, they were the most different from the United States after World War II. Economic diplomacy with Germany and Japan, the economic diplomacy of Germany and Japan is carried out in the system dominated by the United States. The economic diplomacy of China and the United States has come out of a different social system, from the system outside the system to the system of international economic rules and order construction, and the economic relations of a new country. This new country's economic relationship has paved the way for a comprehensive new type of great power relations in the.35 years of China and the United States' economic diplomacy. In the rational.35 year of the United States to China to maintain contact with China and the continuous opening of the United States to the United States, the United States' containment and sanctions have been lost to others at the end of the year, and the opening and progress of China in the past 35 years has been harvested. In spite of the fact that there is no accident, China's rise and the United States have been a long-term interactive process in which the Chinese economy accounted for 51% of the total economic volume of the United States in.2012, if China and the United States maintained the past 35 years. The performance of economic growth, China's fastest 10 years, the slowest need nearly a hundred years to catch up with the United States in economic aggregate. The symmetry of interdependence will take longer. The transfer of power is gradual. Despite the rapid rise of China, the United States still has a relative advantage. Share more international discourse power. China actively participates in the construction of the international order. It needs to provide more international public products. If China wants to realize a great power dream and a powerful dream, in addition to its own development and growth, it must provide universal value to the international community and provide international communism and services. With the development of strength, it must be more responsible. In a competitive international community, power and responsibility tend to correspond. This is the rise of China that must be positive and rational. From the perspective of the United States, maintaining openness and tolerance is the key to the continued new life of the United States led international system.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F125;D822.371.2
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本文編號：1992500