本文選題：生態(tài)服務(wù)價值 + 時空變化��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟社會的快速發(fā)展,人類活動對各類生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成的影響日益增強,幾乎所有生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都受到了人類不同程度的破壞,且部分生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的變化已經(jīng)影響到了人類切身的利益。長株潭地區(qū)是湖南省經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平較高的地區(qū),該區(qū)生態(tài)服務(wù)價值變化強烈,通過對該地區(qū)生態(tài)服務(wù)價值變化及驅(qū)動力的研究可以促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展以及對實現(xiàn)長株潭“兩型”社會建設(shè)的目標(biāo)具有重要意義。 本文采用直接市場法、替代市場法與模擬市場法相結(jié)合的方法,較為系統(tǒng)地構(gòu)建了生態(tài)服務(wù)價值評估體系,在此基礎(chǔ)上對研究區(qū)域各類生態(tài)系統(tǒng)及各類生態(tài)服務(wù)的服務(wù)價值進行了科學(xué)估算,并結(jié)合有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),通過定性與定量的分析對導(dǎo)致生態(tài)服務(wù)價值變化的驅(qū)動力因素進行了探討。主要研究結(jié)論如下： (1)2000—2010年長株潭地區(qū)的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值下降趨勢明顯,由2000年的756.20億元減少到2010年的684.97億元,年變化率為-0.98%,并隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展及三市融城步伐的加快,其減少幅度有進一步擴大的趨勢。 (2)從各生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)價值來看,林地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值占比最高,但隨著時間的變化,它產(chǎn)生的服務(wù)價值正效應(yīng)不斷減弱,而城鎮(zhèn)用地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的服務(wù)價值負(fù)效應(yīng)不斷加強。 (3)從各生態(tài)服務(wù)的服務(wù)價值來看,氣體調(diào)節(jié)的服務(wù)價值占比最高。2000—2010年,特殊服務(wù)產(chǎn)生的服務(wù)價值負(fù)效應(yīng)有一定程度的增加,其他生態(tài)服務(wù)產(chǎn)生的服務(wù)價值正效應(yīng)有不同程度的減少,其中氣體調(diào)節(jié)、水文調(diào)節(jié)與廢物處理減少最多。 (4)從各縣(市、區(qū))的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值來看,生態(tài)服務(wù)價值呈四周高中間低的分布狀況,高值地區(qū)主要分布在區(qū)域的東北部,低值地區(qū)主要集中分布區(qū)域的中北部。生態(tài)服務(wù)價值變化的熱點地區(qū)主要集中在區(qū)域中部的三個市轄區(qū)。 (5)從各縣(市、區(qū))各生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)價值來看,耕地與城鎮(zhèn)用地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值變化的熱點地區(qū)集中在區(qū)域中部的長沙市轄區(qū)、株洲市轄區(qū)與湘潭市轄區(qū)；林地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值變化的熱點地區(qū)集中在區(qū)域中部的株洲市轄區(qū)、湘潭市轄區(qū)與韶山市；水域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值變化的熱點地區(qū)為區(qū)域東北部的瀏陽市與中部的株洲縣。 (6)從驅(qū)動力因素來看,自然因素、社會經(jīng)濟因素和土地利用因素均與生態(tài)服務(wù)價值的變化息息相關(guān),要保持長株潭地區(qū)生態(tài)服務(wù)價值的穩(wěn)定,最主要的是要合理控制城市化的發(fā)展步伐。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society , the impact of human activities on all kinds of ecosystems has been strengthened , almost all of the ecosystems have been damaged by different degrees of human beings , and some of the ecosystem changes have affected the interests of human being .

In this paper , the direct market method , the alternative market method and the method of simulating the market method are adopted , and the ecological service value evaluation system is constructed systematically , and the service value of each type of ecological system and ecological service in the research region is scientifically estimated , and the driving force factors that cause the change of the value of the ecological service are discussed through qualitative and quantitative analysis .

( 1 ) The declining trend of ecological service value in Changsha - Zhuzhou - Tan area from 2000 to 2010 is obvious , from 756 . 2 billion yuan in 2000 to 684 . 97 billion yuan in 2010 , the annual rate of change is - 0.98 % , and with the acceleration of economic development and the pace of the three city Rongcheng , its decline is further expanded .

( 2 ) From the value of ecosystem services , the ecosystem services value of forest ecosystem is the highest , but with the change of time , the positive effect of the value of ecosystem services is declining , while the negative effect of service value generated by urban land ecosystem is constantly strengthened .

( 3 ) From the value of the service value of each ecological service , the service value of gas regulation is the highest . In 2000 - 2010 , the negative effect of the service value generated by special service is increased to some extent , and the positive effect of the service value generated by other ecological services is reduced to some extent , among which the gas regulation , the hydrology regulation and the waste treatment are the most .

( 4 ) According to the ecological service value of each county ( city and district ) , the ecological service value is in the middle and low distribution of the four sides , the high value region is mainly distributed in the north - east region of the region , and the low - value region is mainly concentrated in the north - central region of the region , and the hotspot region of the change of the value of the ecological service is mainly concentrated in the three municipal districts in the middle of the region .

( 5 ) From the value of ecosystem services in each county ( city and district ) , the hotspot areas of the change of ecosystem service value between cultivated land and urban land are concentrated in Changsha municipal district , Zhuzhou municipal district and Hsiangtan municipal district in the central part of the region ;
The hot spot area of forest ecosystem service value change is concentrated in Zhuzhou municipal district , Xiangtan city district and Shaoshan city in the middle of the region ;
The hot spot of the change of ecosystem service value in water area is Zhuzhou County of Liuyang city and central part of the northeast of the region .

( 6 ) From the driving force factor , natural factors , socio - economic factors and land - use factors are closely related to the change of ecological service value . To maintain the stability of ecological service value in Changsha - Zhuzhou - Tan area , it is essential to control the development of urbanization reasonably .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X826

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