本文選題：地質(zhì)災(zāi)害　切入點(diǎn)：預(yù)警模型　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：陜西地區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)生頻繁，造成了較多的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，給人民的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來嚴(yán)重的威脅，從而制約區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。氣象因素是誘發(fā)該類災(zāi)害發(fā)生的主要自然因素，且該類災(zāi)害發(fā)生具有突發(fā)性和不確定性。對地質(zhì)災(zāi)害實(shí)施自動監(jiān)測預(yù)警是防災(zāi)減災(zāi)的重要舉措，可以極大地提高災(zāi)害防治水平。盡管經(jīng)過多年的研究與實(shí)踐，成功的避免了一些地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的發(fā)生，但因此類災(zāi)害的突發(fā)性和復(fù)雜性，地質(zhì)災(zāi)害預(yù)警仍然面臨許多難題。本文選取G108陜西重點(diǎn)地段為研究區(qū)域，在充分總結(jié)歸納國內(nèi)外已有的相關(guān)研究成果、參閱各地區(qū)監(jiān)測預(yù)警成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，針對陜西地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治工作的實(shí)際需求，在陜西省地質(zhì)災(zāi)害自動監(jiān)測預(yù)警項(xiàng)目資助下開展研究工作，旨在建立陜西地質(zhì)災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，為公路災(zāi)害管理部門的工作提供科學(xué)參考，，為在全省乃至全國范圍內(nèi)類似條件下的災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警提供技術(shù)服務(wù)和管理示范的作用。 本文在綜述國內(nèi)外關(guān)于地質(zhì)災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，主要以崩塌、滑坡和泥石流災(zāi)害為主要研究對象，建立陜西省地質(zhì)災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，主要從地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合自動監(jiān)測、預(yù)測預(yù)警模型、災(zāi)害數(shù)據(jù)庫建設(shè)、開發(fā)監(jiān)測預(yù)警平臺四個方面開展研究。 首先，對研究區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害類型及發(fā)育特征進(jìn)行闡述。 其次，本文對地質(zhì)氣象災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警的主要方法及模型進(jìn)行了探討，并對各自的應(yīng)用性進(jìn)行簡要分析，為氣象地質(zhì)災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的研究與開發(fā)奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 然后，在以已調(diào)查路段的災(zāi)害數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合監(jiān)測預(yù)警的數(shù)據(jù)特點(diǎn)和系統(tǒng)功能需求的基礎(chǔ)上，完成了系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫框架結(jié)構(gòu)和建庫模式設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了多種數(shù)據(jù)類型的一體化管理。 最后，經(jīng)過對系統(tǒng)用戶詳細(xì)調(diào)查與分析，進(jìn)行合理的系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)、詳細(xì)功能及系統(tǒng)界面設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了模塊化主體結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理分析、預(yù)警預(yù)報(bào)、信息發(fā)布、應(yīng)急指揮、地圖展示、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害工程管理等多個子系統(tǒng)功能，同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的顯示、查詢、數(shù)據(jù)輸出等功能。
[Abstract]:The frequent occurrence of geological disasters in Shaanxi region has caused more casualties and property losses, and brought serious threats to people's lives and property, thus restricting the sustainable development of regional economy.The meteorological factor is the main natural factor that induces this kind of disaster, and the occurrence of this kind of disaster is sudden and uncertain.Automatic monitoring and early warning of geological hazards is an important measure for disaster prevention and mitigation, which can greatly improve the level of disaster prevention and control.Although many years of research and practice have successfully avoided the occurrence of some geological disasters, but because of the sudden and complexity of such disasters, geological disaster early warning still faces many difficulties.This paper selects G108 Shaanxi key area as the research area, on the basis of summing up and summing up the existing relevant research results at home and abroad, referring to the successful experiences of monitoring and early warning in various regions, aiming at the actual demand of geological disaster prevention and control work in Shaanxi.In order to establish a geological hazard monitoring and early warning system in Shaanxi Province and provide a scientific reference for the work of highway disaster management departments, research work has been carried out under the funding of the Shaanxi Provincial Geological disaster automatic Monitoring and early warning Project.It can provide technical service and management demonstration for the disaster monitoring and early warning in the whole province and even in the whole country.On the basis of summarizing the present situation of geological hazard monitoring and early warning research at home and abroad, this paper mainly takes collapse, landslide and debris flow disaster as the main research object, and establishes the geological hazard monitoring and warning system of Shaanxi Province.The research is mainly carried out from four aspects, such as comprehensive automatic monitoring of geological hazards, prediction and early warning model, construction of disaster database and development of monitoring and early warning platform.First of all, the geological environment conditions, geological hazard types and development characteristics of the study area are described.Secondly, this paper discusses the main methods and models of geological and meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning, and briefly analyzes their application, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research and development of meteorological geological disaster monitoring and early warning system.Then, on the basis of the data characteristics of monitoring and early warning and the requirement of system function, the database frame structure and database pattern design of the system are completed, and the integrated management of many kinds of data types is realized.Finally, through the detailed investigation and analysis to the system user, the reasonable system overall structure, the detailed function and the system interface design are carried out, the modularization main body structure is realized, the data collection, the data processing analysis, the early warning forecast are designed and realized.Information release, emergency command, map display, geological hazard engineering management and other sub-system functions are implemented, such as system display, query, data output and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P694;P429

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 高維英;李明;杜繼穩(wěn);王雁林;;黃土高原地質(zhì)災(zāi)害氣象預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警模型研究新思路[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2010年23期

2 王衛(wèi)東;杜香剛;鐘晟;;基于GIS的區(qū)域公路地質(zhì)災(zāi)害數(shù)據(jù)模型研究[J];安全與環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2009年04期

3 朱良峰,殷坤龍,張梁,李閩;地質(zhì)災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與GIS技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究[J];地理學(xué)與國土研究;2002年04期

4 沈芳,黃潤秋,苗放,許強(qiáng);地理信息系統(tǒng)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境評價(jià)[J];地質(zhì)災(zāi)害與環(huán)境保護(hù);2000年01期

5 吳樹仁;;突發(fā)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害研究某些新進(jìn)展[J];地質(zhì)力學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2006年02期

6 肖偉;黃丹;黎華;崔振昂;蒙格平;;地質(zhì)災(zāi)害氣象預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警方法研究[J];地質(zhì)與資源;2005年04期

7 李慶瑞;基于多層模糊分析模型的高速公路社會效益評價(jià)方法研究[J];中外公路;2005年03期

8 張煒;戈權(quán)民;施展;郭亞中;;基于數(shù)據(jù)資源整合的公路網(wǎng)綜合分析決策系統(tǒng)[J];湖南工程學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年02期

9 趙奎鋒;張雅斌;;陜西降雨型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害氣象預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)[J];陜西氣象;2011年06期

10 胡厚田;;崩塌落石研究[J];鐵道工程學(xué)報(bào);2005年S1期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王衛(wèi)東;基于GIS的區(qū)域公路地質(zhì)災(zāi)害管理與空間決策支持系統(tǒng)研究[D];中南大學(xué);2009年

2 齊洪亮;公路自然災(zāi)害評價(jià)系統(tǒng)的研究[D];長安大學(xué);2011年

本文編號：1714565