本文選題：一體化　切入點(diǎn)：區(qū)域安全復(fù)合體理論　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：區(qū)域一體化進(jìn)程是全球化時(shí)代最引人矚目的現(xiàn)象之一�，F(xiàn)在南美地區(qū)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了類似的趨勢(shì)，并且學(xué)術(shù)界一直在嘗試?yán)斫饽厦赖貐^(qū)的一體化進(jìn)程并試圖將其理論化。 有關(guān)南美一體化進(jìn)程的文獻(xiàn)可以依據(jù)一些基本因素來(lái)進(jìn)行劃分，這些基本因素包含很多組織團(tuán)體,而這些團(tuán)體組織是南美一體化進(jìn)程背后的可靠力量。有趣的是，盡管南美地區(qū)各個(gè)國(guó)家有著快速和巨大的發(fā)展，可是南美地區(qū)一體化進(jìn)程卻是緩慢的，那么什么因素能夠使該區(qū)域的國(guó)家有效地開(kāi)展一體化進(jìn)程呢。 在分析國(guó)防和國(guó)際安全現(xiàn)象時(shí)，“國(guó)際安全復(fù)合體理論”對(duì)促使從區(qū)域?qū)用娼邮苓@些現(xiàn)象發(fā)揮了重要的作用。然而，正如布贊（Buzan）和奧利·維夫（W ver）所描述那樣，由于對(duì)南美地區(qū)特殊動(dòng)力機(jī)制的錯(cuò)誤理解，南美地區(qū)的“區(qū)域安全復(fù)合體理論”似乎是有限的，甚至是過(guò)時(shí)的。 本文試圖通過(guò)對(duì)南美國(guó)家聯(lián)盟在南美地區(qū)的主導(dǎo)作用的闡述，來(lái)理解南美地區(qū)的安全復(fù)合體，并以此來(lái)更新對(duì)該地區(qū)的極化描述,并更改有關(guān)該區(qū)域安全化進(jìn)程中的潛在安全化者的描述。 然后本文通過(guò)對(duì)南美國(guó)家聯(lián)盟，特別是對(duì)南美國(guó)防委員會(huì)的實(shí)證性分析，來(lái)展示本文的理論預(yù)期結(jié)果。 正如布贊和維夫?qū)δ厦绤^(qū)域安全復(fù)合體所描述的那樣，冷戰(zhàn)之后，南美地區(qū)更具有穩(wěn)定性，它走出了激進(jìn)主義和軍方控制政治的局面，并且特別專注于本地區(qū)的一體化進(jìn)程。 無(wú)論如何，冷戰(zhàn)之后，南美地區(qū)不再像以前那樣受控于美國(guó)。此外，南美國(guó)家正努力建立一種均勢(shì)，來(lái)擺脫美國(guó)對(duì)南美的影響。 根據(jù)布贊和維夫的觀點(diǎn)，南美地區(qū)與美國(guó)關(guān)系的變化在很大程度上與美國(guó)對(duì)自身優(yōu)先事務(wù)的安排有關(guān)。9·11事件（2001）使美國(guó)在南美地區(qū)角色的發(fā)生了變化，美國(guó)擺脫了嚴(yán)格的區(qū)域位置限制，如同反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一般，美國(guó)以“禁毒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”作為國(guó)際正當(dāng)理由介入了南美地區(qū)。 盡管許多學(xué)者認(rèn)為“禁毒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”會(huì)導(dǎo)致南美過(guò)度軍事化，并且會(huì)引起南美地區(qū)國(guó)家的擔(dān)心，，但是這種現(xiàn)象最終并沒(méi)有發(fā)生。而哥倫比亞危機(jī)的影響其實(shí)是多面的，它也影響了整個(gè)南美地區(qū)的區(qū)域復(fù)合體進(jìn)程。 另外布贊和維夫認(rèn)為，南美地區(qū)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)潛在的政治不穩(wěn)定趨勢(shì)，例如，查韋斯（Chavez）政府在支持哥倫比亞叛亂分子和申請(qǐng)加入南方共同市場(chǎng)之間搖擺不定。 一些理論家認(rèn)為，和其他地區(qū)相比南美地區(qū)更具有穩(wěn)定性，而這在很大程度上與巴西在南美的霸權(quán)穩(wěn)定角色有關(guān)。19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初之后，巴西成為維護(hù)南美地區(qū)穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵力量，其傾向于建立“外交網(wǎng)絡(luò)”并且在區(qū)域穩(wěn)定和合作方面與其他南美國(guó)家有著強(qiáng)烈的共同利益。 要想認(rèn)清南美區(qū)域復(fù)合體的內(nèi)聚力有多大，應(yīng)從其區(qū)域水平的聯(lián)合行動(dòng)來(lái)檢驗(yàn)。盡管南美國(guó)家在區(qū)域說(shuō)教下堅(jiān)持不干涉原則，但是在必要的時(shí)候它們還會(huì)讓美國(guó)實(shí)施干預(yù)措施。 然而，國(guó)外的干預(yù)以及南美國(guó)家各國(guó)國(guó)情和利益的差異最終成為南美地區(qū)主義形成的最大障礙。在南美區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化因素和南美的安全議程因素結(jié)合在一起之后，布贊和維夫認(rèn)為，從南美國(guó)家角度來(lái)看，南美國(guó)家聯(lián)盟應(yīng)該擔(dān)任起該區(qū)域的安全化者的角色。 盡管存在差異，而且南美區(qū)域共同體有著解體的危險(xiǎn)，但是該區(qū)域的一些國(guó)家仍然致力于在南美區(qū)域機(jī)構(gòu)之間保持團(tuán)結(jié)。問(wèn)題是南美國(guó)家是否會(huì)努力開(kāi)創(chuàng)一種可供選擇的解決方案，這一方案將避免美國(guó)在該地區(qū)大規(guī)模的存在，并會(huì)將其多邊化。 盡管多次強(qiáng)調(diào)，區(qū)域機(jī)構(gòu)的未來(lái)角色在南美區(qū)域復(fù)合體中的重要性。但有些問(wèn)題，如毒品走私，雖然現(xiàn)在是作為一個(gè)區(qū)域分裂因素而存在，但它最終會(huì)成為南美地區(qū)的凝聚因素。 南美的區(qū)域動(dòng)力從來(lái)沒(méi)有強(qiáng)大到足以推動(dòng)南美國(guó)家來(lái)塑造其內(nèi)部的安全發(fā)展模式，尤其在南美根本沒(méi)有強(qiáng)烈的極化的事實(shí)下。
[Abstract]:The process of regional integration is one of the most striking phenomena in the era of globalization. Now there is similar trend in South America, and the academic circles have been trying to understand the integration process in South America and try to theorize it.
The South American Integration literature can be based on some basic factors to be divided, these basic factors include many organizations, and these organizations is a reliable force behind the South American integration process. Interestingly, although each country in South America has a fast and great development, but the South American integration process is slow, so what the factors can make the countries in the region to effectively carry out the integration process.
In the analysis of national defense and the international security phenomenon, "international security complex theory" to promote from the regional level to accept these phenomena play an important role. However, as Buzan (Buzan) and Ollie Veff (W ver) described that, due to wrong understanding of the special dynamic mechanism of South America, South America's "regional security complex the theory seems to be limited, or even obsolete.
This paper attempts to understand the leading role of the association of South American countries in South America, to understand the security complex in South America, and to update the polarization description of the area, and to change the description of potential security agents in the process of securing the region.
Then this paper shows the theoretical expectation of this article through the empirical analysis of the South American National Alliance, especially the South American National Defense Commission.
As described by Barry Buzan and VIV of South American regional security complex that, after the cold war, America has more stability, it is out of the control of political radicalism and military situation, with particular attention to the integration process in the region.
In any case, after the cold war, South America is no longer controlled by the United States as before. Besides, South American countries are trying to create a balance of power to get rid of the impact of the US on South America.
According to Barry Buzan and Weaver, relationship between South America and the United States to a large extent with the United States on their own priorities for.9 / 11 (2001) the role of the United States in the South American region has changed, the United States from the location of strict restrictions, such as the war on terrorism, the United States to "drug the war" as justification for international intervention in South America.
Although many scholars believe that the "war on drugs" will lead to excessive militarization of South America, and will cause the South American countries worry about this phenomenon, but ultimately did not happen. And the impact of the crisis in Columbia is multifaceted, it also affected the entire South American regional complex process.
In addition to Buzan and weaver that South America will be a potential political instability, for example, Chavez (Chavez) government wavering between support Columbia insurgents and application to join the southern common market.
Some theorists argue that compared with other regions in South America has more stability, and to a large extent with the Brazil in the South America.19 about the role of hegemonic stability at the end of the century at the beginning of twentieth Century, Brazil has become the key to maintaining the strength of South American regional stability, which tend to establish a "diplomatic network" and in terms of regional stability and cooperation with other South American the state has a strong common interests.
To identify the cohesive force of the South American regional complex, we should test it from the joint action at its regional level. Although South American countries adhere to the principle of non-interference under regional preaching, they will also intervene in the us when necessary.
However, the difference of foreign intervention and South American countries, national conditions and interests eventually become the biggest obstacle to the formation of South American regionalism. Together after the security agenda factors of regional economic integration in South America and South America factors, Buzan and Weaver, from the South American country perspective, the union of South American countries should assume security of the region. Role.
Despite the differences, but there is a danger of the disintegration of the South American regional community, but some countries in the region remains committed to maintain unity between South American regional institutions. The question is whether South American countries will try to create an alternative solution, this solution will avoid the United States in the region there are a large, and will the multilateral.
Although many times emphasized the importance of the future role of regional institutions in the South American regional complex, some problems, such as drug smuggling, now exist as a regional divisive factor, but it will eventually become a cohesive factor in South America.
Regional dynamics in South America are never strong enough to push South American countries to shape their internal security development models, especially in South America, where there is no strong polarization at all.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D814.1

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2 周瑋婷;南美市場(chǎng)的文化特點(diǎn)對(duì)中國(guó)企業(yè)出口的影響[D];天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2009年

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