【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的不斷提升，我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品交易規(guī)模逐年擴大，據(jù)統(tǒng)計，，2012年我國生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品商品量約為16億噸，進入流通領(lǐng)域的實體農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的價值總額為2.24萬億元。但由于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品信息不對稱，流通渠道不暢，流通環(huán)節(jié)過多，產(chǎn)品耗損率過高，使流通成本增加，最終導(dǎo)致消費終端的價格居高不下，而另一方面生產(chǎn)者特別是單個的農(nóng)戶并未從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的高售價中獲取利益，與此相反，很多時候農(nóng)戶所獲得利潤除去生產(chǎn)資料開支后所剩無幾，更有時候農(nóng)產(chǎn)品滯銷運不出銷不了，導(dǎo)致農(nóng)戶損失慘重。 目前壽光作為全國重要的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品集散地，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場發(fā)展迅速，2013年農(nóng)產(chǎn)品交易量達100多億公斤,銷售額高達100億至200億元，壽光農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通渠道主要以批發(fā)市場為主，兼有農(nóng)企訂單合作、農(nóng)超對接、電子商務(wù)多種流通渠道，交易方式以現(xiàn)金現(xiàn)貨交易為主兼有拍賣、期貨、大宗商品現(xiàn)貨交易等交易方式。壽光的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系發(fā)展到今天取得了巨大成就但也面臨諸多問題，比如產(chǎn)銷信息對接不暢，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量標準不齊、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品安全意識薄弱，流通環(huán)節(jié)多成本高，倉儲運輸技術(shù)低設(shè)備落后，政府機構(gòu)職權(quán)不明監(jiān)督管理力度薄弱等狀況，都影響著壽光農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的健康發(fā)展。從大的層面上講，壽光流通體系面臨的問題也是全國多數(shù)地方農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通中存在的問題，如不解決，最終將影響到我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的建設(shè)和社會主義經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。 本文以壽光農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系為研究對象，通過吸取國內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的研究成果和基本理論，對壽光農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)狀進行分析，并以小見大為全國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的情況做一個參照，旨在揭示出我國目前農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通的狀況、存在的問題及影響因素，分析出要完善該體系必須解決的矛盾和問題，最后提出了完善農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的對策：加強政府宏觀調(diào)控，繼續(xù)推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，深化農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價格改革，平衡供求關(guān)系，大力發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)流通組織，完善農(nóng)產(chǎn)品物流系統(tǒng)，創(chuàng)新農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通銷售終端，以信息技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)為主要技術(shù)手段，推進農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)運供銷環(huán)節(jié)等一系列的創(chuàng)新變革，最終實現(xiàn)我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的健康、高效、安全、快速發(fā)展。 建設(shè)高效安全順暢的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系，是改變目前農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場產(chǎn)銷銜接困難，打開農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)出和市場需求之間矛盾的鑰匙，是提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通效率，降低流通成本，保證農(nóng)產(chǎn)品食品安全，促進農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場健康發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，是提高農(nóng)民收入，降低居民消費支出，提升人民生活水平，促進我國經(jīng)濟健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的重要推動力。由此本文的研究對于全國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品流通體系的建設(shè)有一定的參考意義和價值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of economy, the scale of agricultural products trading in China has expanded year by year. According to statistics, the volume of agricultural products produced in China in 2012 was about 1.6 billion tons, and the total value of physical agricultural products entering the circulation field was 2.24 trillion yuan. However, due to the asymmetric information of agricultural products, the poor circulation channels, too many circulation links, and the high consumption rate of products, the circulation cost increases, and ultimately leads to the high price of consumer terminals. On the other hand, producers, especially individual farmers, do not benefit from the high price of agricultural products. On the contrary, in many cases, the profits earned by farmers are very few after excluding the expenses of means of production. Sometimes agricultural products unsalable can not be sold, resulting in heavy losses to farmers. At present, Shouguang is an important agricultural product distribution center in the country, and the agricultural product market has developed rapidly. In 2013, the volume of agricultural products trading reached more than 10 billion kilograms, and the sales volume reached 10 billion to 20 billion yuan. The circulation channels of Shouguang agricultural products are mainly wholesale markets. There are both agricultural enterprise order cooperation, agricultural super docking, e-commerce a variety of circulation channels, trading mainly cash spot trading and auction, futures, commodities spot trading and other trading methods. Shouguang's agricultural product circulation system has made great achievements today, but it also faces many problems, such as poor docking of production and marketing information, uneven quality standards of agricultural products, weak awareness of agricultural product safety, and high cost of circulation links. The low equipment of warehousing and transportation technology and the weak supervision and management of unknown functions and powers of government agencies all affect the healthy development of the circulation system of Shouguang agricultural products. From a big point of view, the problems faced by Shouguang circulation system are also problems existing in the circulation of agricultural products in most parts of the country. If not solved, it will ultimately affect the construction of agricultural products circulation system and the development of socialist economy in China. This paper takes the circulation system of Shouguang agricultural products as the research object, and analyzes the development course and present situation of Shouguang agricultural products circulation system by absorbing the research results and basic theories of domestic and foreign experts and scholars on the circulation system of agricultural products. Through a small part, we can see that the whole situation of the national agricultural products circulation system is a reference, aiming at revealing the current situation, existing problems and influencing factors of the agricultural products circulation in our country, and analyzing the contradictions and problems that must be solved in order to perfect the system. Finally, the countermeasures to perfect the circulation system of agricultural products are put forward: strengthening the macro-control of the government, continuing to promote the adjustment of industrial structure, deepening the price reform of agricultural products, balancing the relationship between supply and demand, and vigorously developing the organization of agricultural products production and circulation. We will improve the logistics system of agricultural products, innovate the circulation and sales terminals of agricultural products, take information technology and network technology as the main technical means, and promote a series of innovative changes in the production, transportation, supply and marketing of agricultural products. Finally, the healthy, efficient, safe and rapid development of the circulation system of agricultural products in China is realized. The construction of an efficient, safe and smooth modern circulation system of agricultural products is the key to changing the current difficult connection between the production and marketing of agricultural products, opening up the contradiction between the output of agricultural products and market demand, and improving the circulation efficiency of agricultural products and reducing the cost of circulation. Ensuring the food safety of agricultural products and promoting the healthy development of agricultural products market is an important driving force to improve farmers' income, reduce residents' consumption expenditure, improve people's living standards, and promote the healthy and stable development of China's economy. Therefore, the research of this paper has certain reference significance and value for the construction of national agricultural products circulation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F323.7

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